ISSN:0011-1384    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1977.tb00045.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis article seeks to place the Daniel M'Naughton case in its political context: to argue that the court's verdict of insanity cannot be satisfactorily understood unless it is recognized that Daniel M'Naughton was apolitical criminal. The insanity verdict served to discredit M'Naughton and the political ideas he represented by interpreting his act as the product of a diseased mind. The widespread political problems that the Tory government was experiencing throughout Britain were reduced to a personal problem plaguing Daniel M'Naughton. By regarding Daniel M'Naughton as a criminal lunatic incapable of distinguishing right from wrong, the court indicated that the explanation for his behavior would have to be sought in medical or psychiatric terms instead of in political terms.

ISSN:0011-1384    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1977.tb00046.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe authors find that existing models concerning police violence are not i designed to explain variation among the states in the rates of police use ‘of deadly force. This variation correlates significantly with numerous cultural attributes of the public. The strongest correlates are with the public rates of violence. Therefore, the authors propose to moody existing modeb, and explain the police use of violence as a response to community characteristics. Where public violence is neither normative nor commonly occurrent. the police will be self‐restrained. Where the incidence of violence reveals a common means of conflict resolution, the police will adopt its use. Thus, the police use of violence is a culturally determined characteristic and not a police pathol

ISSN:0011-1384    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1977.tb00047.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis article examines both traditional and contemporary conceptualizations of professional criminals as viewed by criminologists. Traditionally, criminologists have viewed professional criminals as being involved in full‐time, nonviolent. highly skilled specialties. Contemporary conceptualizations stress professional criminals as being no specialized, less skilled, and involved in violent behavior. These conceptual changes reflect an emphasis upon observations rather than theoretical development among criminologists examining professional crime. As long as an observational emphasis persists, theories concerning professional criminals will not progress either rapidly or in an orderly fashion. Changing conceptualizations of professional criminals can be viewed as an example of insufficient theoretical development existing within the disciplin

ISSN:0011-1384    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1977.tb00048.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractGrowing concern with the effect of negative public attitudes toward the police on police‐community polarization and morale and effectiveness has led to numerous efforts to improve the image of the policeman and to facilitate more positive relationships with the community. It is proposed that the eflectiveness of such programs is hindered by their failure to consider that public attitudes toward the police do not exist in isolation, but are a part of a broader complex of attitudes toward the system of legal justice and its various representatives. Data from four different samples of residents of a western state provide some tentative support for this hypothesis. Implications of the data for programs designed to improve police‐community relationships are discus

ISSN:0011-1384    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1977.tb00049.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper investigates the recent claim that women are becoming increasingly involved in aggressive or serious criminal activities. On the basis of an a priori classification of aggressive crimes, a review of three different types of data reveals no unambiguous pattern of change in women's criminality. Several theoretical problems which hove inhibited the systematic development of the relationships between gender roles and criminality are discussed. Particular attention is paid to the lack of conceptual precision that characterizes the use of the terms gender and aggressive crime.

ISSN:0011-1384    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1977.tb00050.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis note presents a brief review of reported studies analyzing the effects that population density and unemployment may have on urban crime rates. Very few such empirical studies have been conducted. and their Jindings have been quite contradictory and not entirely conclusive. However, for certain types of crimes, the evidence seems to indicate that the unemployment rate has a positive effect on the crime rate, while the effect of population density, if significant at all, is a negative one.

ISSN:0011-1384    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1977.tb00051.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0011-1384    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1977.tb00052.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0011-1384    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1977.tb00053.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Books review in this article:SISTERS IN CRIME: THE RISE OF THE NEW FEMALE CRIMINAL. By Freda AdlerSEXIST JUSTICE. By Karen De CrowTHE FEMALE OFFENDER. Edited by Annette M. BrodskyWOMEN AND CRIME. By Rita James SimonCRIME AND CRIMINOLOGY. By Sue Titus ReidRAPE IN PRISON. By Anthony M. Scacco, Jr.TERROR IN THE PRISONS: HOMOSEXUAL RAPE AND WHY SOCIETY CONDONES IT. By Carl Weiss and David J. Friar

ISSN:0011-1384    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1977.tb00054.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY