ISSN:0011-1384    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1979.tb01293.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0011-1384    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1979.tb01294.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA field experiment was conducted to study bystander reporting of a crime. The study investigated two primary dimensions upon which most programs which encourage reporting, namely, monetary reward and anonymity. Conditions of anonymity and reward were unobtrusively varied during a bogus interview conducted with shoppers before they entered a supermarket. Neither of these variables affected the reporting of a staged shoplifting. However, preincident behavioral intention to report was significantly correlated with reporting behavior. The findings are discussed with respect to research on intrinsic motivation and deindividuation.

ISSN:0011-1384    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1979.tb01295.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWith increasing frequency, commentators assert that attitudes associated with occupying the male status or “masculinity” contribute to criminal/delinquent involvement. Despite the ubiquity with which this “masculinity hypothesis” appears, it has received few empirical assessments, and those that do exist typically are flawed by what amounts to the ecological fallacy. Using individual level data, this research attempted to test the masculinity proposition. In general, our data lent some support to the hypothesis, indicating that independent of gender, having masculine attributes positively affected the commission of different types of delinquent o

ISSN:0011-1384    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1979.tb01296.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSweden has a reputation for sexual liberality and sex‐role equality, two items which might be presumed to correlate with a low rate of forcible rape. In truth, however, the rate of rape known to the police in Stockholm is about equivalent to that for comparably sized American jurisdictions. Neither laws nor reporting rates are believed to vary meaningfully between the United States and Sweden. We suggest that the rape in Stockholm may well be a function of a different kind of sexual behavior (though not so different as stereotypes portray), and that more sophisticated studies of rape and other crimes ought to refine sharply the gross measurements now employed to signify criminal activit

ISSN:0011-1384    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1979.tb01297.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study explores the tendency of academic criminology and other crime‐related areas 10 accept or reject the new criminology as a viable alternative to the traditional perspective. Criminology has been characterized as being in a period of paradigm revolution as indicated by the radical writings of the 1970s. The results of this study lead to the conclusion that mainstream criminology has slipped its traditional boundaries and the new criminology is gaining acceptanc

ISSN:0011-1384    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1979.tb01298.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe levels of handgun ownership and the fear of criminal victimization Abstract are both considered social problems in American society. The present study attempted to test for causal effects among these and several other variables through the use of a nonrecursive simultaneous equation model to analyze data for 1,818 men. The results indicated that handgun ownership had the effect of reducing the fear of crime while fear had no statistically signficant effect on handgun ownership. These variables, in turn were influenced by religious membership, region, income, size of place of residence, political orientation, and age. The Findings do not support claims that the fear of crime motivates increased handgun ownership but do confirm arguments that in the contemporary United States. Handgun ownership provides some men with a sense of personal security.

ISSN:0011-1384    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1979.tb01299.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe research question precipitated by the concern for “just sanctions” and effective treatment for future juvenile programs is: What have been the criterion used by juvenile court decision makers in disposition sentencing. Disposition is analyzed for both nonstatus and status offense groups. The method of analysis is a stepwise discriminant function. The findings indicate the importance of legalistic variables and a social class bias in the dispositions of both offense groups. The social class bias is much stronger in the case of status offenders and increases at subsequent court disposition levels. These data support the labeling‐conflict contention of class bias in the application of sanctions and suggest a policy directive for future delinquency prevention pro

ISSN:0011-1384    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1979.tb01300.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPoor reading achievement, long linked to delinquency. also proved related to a history of violent offenses among male and female. Anglo and non‐Anglo, juvenile offenders. Reading was measured by the Wide Range Achievement Test. adjusted for Wechsler Verbal IQ; the Violence Scale specified the degree of violence of each child's most serious offens

ISSN:0011-1384    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1979.tb01301.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn untested proposition in deterrence theory is that people's perceptions of the certainty of arrest in a community are influenced by their exposure to information about crimes committed in the community which have and have not resulted in arrest. We examine the effects of two sources of information on people k perceptions of the certainty of arrest in a community: (1) newspaper crime stories and (2) personal experiences with crimes and the personal experiences of one's acquaintances. Only the latter appear to influence people's estimates of the certainty of arrest.

ISSN:0011-1384    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1979.tb01302.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY