摘要:

Regional anesthesia during general anesthesia has become increasingly popular in recent years. Most pediatric anesthesiologists are proponents of this practice, and believe that surgical morbidity is reduced, but controversy remains regarding safety. Neuraxial anesthesia during general anesthesia is especially controversial. Unfortunately, outcome studies are lacking but the literature reflects an absence of reported serious morbidity or mortality.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Most drugs used in the care of children have never had appropriate studies conducted by the manufacturer which fulfill Food and Drug Administration requirements necessary to be included in the ‘indications’ portion of the package insert. Any use not described in the indications of the package insert is considered ‘off-label’. A number of editorials and hard work by many individuals have all resulted in new legislation that hopefully will start to make the necessary changes in drug development. This paper will review the pertinent issues.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Increasing numbers of very elderly patients require surgery. Elderly patients are at increased risk of perioperative morbidity and mortality because of the high incidence of co-existing age-related diseases. With greater experience, outcomes from major operations in octogenarians have improved. The increased risks of surgery in the elderly must, however, be individually weighed against the benefits to be gained from symptom relief and improved quality of life.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Acute renal failure continues to complicate the postoperative courses of our vascular and cardiac surgical patients, dramatically increasing mortality and decreasing quality of life when it occcurs. In spite of better understanding of the disease, few gains have been made in its prevention. We review its pathophysiology and discuss the most recent developments that may eventually lead to perioperative renal protection.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrinological problem encountered by an anaesthetist and its prevalence will increase greatly in the next decade. This review focuses on the relevance of a new classification and diagnostic criteria for diabetes and the results of the important UK prospective diabetes study group trial. Other key areas of interest are the acute treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes (type 2), the management of coronary heart disease and vascular reactivity in patients with diabetes.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

New molecular markers of coagulation and fibrinolysis activation have been developed and used to identify patient subgroups that frequently develop increased procoagulant turnover and, hence, disseminated intravascular coagulation and organ dysfunction. The idea of inhibiting the coagulation hyperactivation by the administration of antithrombin has led to experimental findings that pinpoint an anti-inflammatory action of antithrombin. Preliminary clinical trials of high-dose antithrombin administration in sepsis are promising. Point-of-care coagulation testing remains controversial since a variety of perioperative therapeutic regimens such as aprotinin administration obviously do not require ‘on-line’ coagulation monitoring.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Real-time monitoring of end-tidal carbon dioxide during anaesthesia aids in the early detection of malignant hyperthermia and the occurrence of a rapid increase in end-tidal carbon dioxide, associated with unexplained persistent tachycardia, well before the core temperature begins to rise. Should malignant hyperthermia occur, however, dantrolene permits the dependable reversal of skeletal muscle hypermetabolism.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Although infection with HIV has become a global epidemic, current research has provided a better understanding of the virus and its effect on the immune system. Combinations of new antiretroviral agents have been shown to be effective in prolonging the life of infected individuals, and chemoprophylactic regimens have been useful in preventing opportunistic infections. Risk factors associated with the occupational transmission of HIV have been identified and prevention strategies proposed.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID