ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

It is highly probable that anaesthesia is produced by drugs acting at multiple sites. Among potential candidates are voltage-gated ion channels (Na+, Ca2+and K+channels) and ligand-gated ion channels such as the y-aminobutyric acid type A, glycine, nicotinic acetylcholine and N-methyl-D aspartate receptors. Other potential sites are intracellular proteins such as protein kinase C and phospholipase A2.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Over the past year, further progress has been made in the determination of the interactions between anaesthetic agents that have been used for a long time and others that have been introduced only recently such as remifentanil. Pharmacodynamically, remifentanil behaves just as the other opioids and interacts with volatile and intravenous anaesthetics as a pure µ-agonist. Substantial effort has been expended in the translation of scientific data that are derived from interaction studies into clinically useful tools. In this way, optimal concentrations have been determined for propofol-opioid combinations that ensure adequate anaesthesia and a rapid recovery.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Target-controlled infusion represents a major advance in the administration of intravenous drugs. Research in this field has improved the knowledge of pharmacokinetic modelling and has stimulated advances in pharmacodynamic investigation. Target-controlled infusion has now reached everyday practice and will soon extend from the operating theatre to postoperative care units or intensive care units; the next steps will include closed-loop systems or Bayesian adaptation of drug administration.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Anaesthetic agents have potent cardiovascular side effects. A thorough understanding of the cardiovascular profile of each agent allows the anaesthesiologist to provide safe anaesthesia in various clinical circumstances and to choose the best anaesthetic for each individual patient. Recent ideas concerning the cardiovascular properties of anaesthetic agents are here reviewed, with special attention to the new volatile agents desflurane and sevoflurane and to new insights concerning the haemodynamic effects of the intravenous hypnotic propofol.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The first reports on artificial oxygen carriers date back to the late nineteenth century. Since then research has been slowed down by the high cost of development of artificial oxygen carriers and several setbacks during clinical trials. The general public's concern with potential blood borne transmission of human immunodeficiency viruses and a projected major shortage of red blood cell products by the start of the twenty-first century gave research a new momentum by the mid-eighties. At present only 20% perfluorodecalin is commercially available. Several other acellular oxygen carriers are being investigated in phase II or III clinical trials. Grossly, they can be categorized into freehaemoglobin- based oxygen 'carriers' and perfluorocarbonbased oxygen 'solvents'. The extremely short half-life of both groups of oxygen carriers, however, severely limits their clinical usefulness. For situations that require more than a temporary augmentation of oxygen content, other artificial oxygen carrying molecules need to be developed.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Obliteration of aneurysms, vascular malformations, fistulae and neoplasm vessels, or re-opening of occluded vessels are the main tasks of modern interventional neuroradiology, now well established in modern medicine. The importance of thrombolysis and angioplasty in acute ischaemic stroke may further increase, thus confronting the anaesthetist with an additional workload owing to the high prevalence of the disease. The heterogeneous group of evolving procedures summarized under the term 'minimally invasive neurosurgery' is described here. Despite rapid technological development of interventional neuroradiology and minimally invasive neurosurgery, the anaesthesiological problems in these fields will not diminish.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Recent developments in electroconvulsive therapy reveal that seizure duration is not a reliable prognostic outcome indicator. Propofol, although shortening seizure duration, does not affect outcome. Mivacurium represents an acceptable alternative to succinylcholine. Advances in monitoring and cardiovascular therapy allow even safe administration of electroconvulsive therapy in patients with cardiovascular disease, and esmolol and labetalol effectively reduce the cardiovascular response to electroconvulsive therapy.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID