ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Protocols for difficult or failed endotracheal intuhation, the period at risk of acid regurgitation and the critical volume of gastric aspirate in obstetric patients have been reappraised. Air has been shown to be a common cause of venous embolism at Caesarean section. Electrocardiographic changes suggestive of myocardial ischaemia have been demonstrated during the same operation under regional anaesthesia and a case of myocardial infarction has been described. In the past year case reports and reviews have been presented of obstetric anaesthetic problems in such rare conditions as achondroplasia, acute intermittent porphyria and dystrophia myotonica.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

There has been continued emphasis on reducing the side effects of spinal anaesthesia. Technical advances in needle design help to minimize headache rates. I he development of the spinal microcatheter has provided the opportunity for continuous subarachnoid administration of drugs, in particular the effective use of subarachnoid narcotics in labour.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Labour pain extends from zero to intolerable and serves no purpose. Epidural analgesia should improve all aspects of the birth process and safety should come first of all: however, this depends upon a meticulous technique. Bupivacaine, epinephrine and sufentanil, in a subeffective dose, will act synergistically, thereby reducing toxicity. Different methods of epidural administration are reviewed in this article.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

General anaesthesia (GA) is still the preferred option for many surgical and obstetric (including delivery) situations, especially in emergency, complicated and 'at-risk' cases. Recent research and clinical reports on GA techniques and their advantages and disadvantages to both mother and fetus in these situations are reviewed and discussed.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The guidelines for preoperative fasting need to be brought into line with the data that have been generated to determine an appropriate type and quantity of fluid and time period during which the patient should remainnulla peros (nothing by mouth; NPO).

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Increasing numbers of paediatric anaesthetists believe that premedication is not essential to ensure a relaxed cooperative child in the anaesthetic room. Preschool children are usually best hehaved if a calm parent is present at induction. Older children need psychological preparation, though some will require a sedative preoperatively, preferably administered orally.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This paper reviews the recent advances in neonatal physiology that may be relevant for clinical anaesthesia. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation studies in a piglet animal model suggest that current cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidelines are still adequate for newborns and infants. Advances in cardiovascular physiology help us to understand the differential effects of inotropic agents or anaesthetics in immature and mature hearts. The search for alternatives to conventional treatment in respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn is still in progress. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is now used on a routine basis in many centres, but arteriovenous bypass may be replaced by a more simple single venous cannula perfusion circuit. The development_ of therapeutic trials in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia provides us with new insights on airway maturation and reactivity. New advances in cerebral blood flow regulation and changes during cardiac surgery in the neonatal period are reviewed, as well as the potential benefits and/or dangers of perioperative blood glucose therapy.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID