ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Administration of opioids into the epidural space is an important component for the management of postoperative pain. Their exact role has been controversial in their mechanism of action, choice of drug, and mode of administration. Recent work indicates that all of these factors are largely determined by the lipid solubility of the opioid used. This knowledge will allow appropriate drug regimes to provide optimal benefit from epidurally administered opioids.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Economic factors and ecological concerns are likely to ensure that the use of minimal-flow or fully closed-circuit anaesthesia delivery systems will become more common in the future. There are still concerns about the possible risk with sevoflurane, but these may be more theoretical than real. The use of target-controlled infusion systems have many advantages compared with manual administration of intravenous drugs for total intravenous anaesthesia, and also may find a place in postoperative pain management. The more widespread use of this technique will, however, depend on the availability of commercial systems. Other advances in drug delivery systems discussed, including intrapleural local anaesthetics and intra-articular opioids, have yet to prove their worth. The use of transdermal opioids would seem to be associated with an unacceptable risk of respiratory depression.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Combinations of anaesthetic drugs usually cause more effect than would be expected if the drugs were simply additive. Induction dose studies and plasma concentration studies of commonly used combinations of intravenous anaesthetic drugs with other sedatives, opioids and volatile anaesthetics are reviewed together with some studies of incidental drug combinations and interactions of drugs with altered physiological states. Combinations of muscle relaxants, analgesics and reversal of agonists with antagonists are not covered.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This review considers the implications of recent pharmaceutical developments in the evolving field of day-case anaesthesia. Consideration is given to how the availability of drugs with more specific action, faster onset, shorter duration and fewer side effects influences the outcome of patients after day-case surgery.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Nitric oxide was formerly known as an environmental pollutant. It is synthesized endogenously from L-arginine, and is at present recognized as an extremely important molecule that has major roles in various organs, including smooth muscle relaxation, platelet aggregation inhibition, neurotransmission, bacterial killing, tumor cell lysis, and hormonal release. In this article the L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway and its significance in some pathophysiological conditions relevant to clinical anesthesia, especially in respiratory therapy, brain protection, and pain relief, are briefly reviewed and discussed.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Abundant in-vitro and in-vivo evidence implicates γ -aminobutyric acid type-A receptor channels in the prominent actions of general anesthetics, including obtundation, amnesia and motor ataxia. The γ -aminobutyric acid type-A receptor macromolecule is a transmembrane heteroligomer composed of different subunits that, in turn, exist in multiple isoforms. The actions at γ -aminobutyric acid type-A receptors of certain categories of anesthetics and sedatives have been shown recently to be strongly influenced by isoforrm composition. Thus, regional and developmental heterogeneity in brain γ -aminobutyric acid type-A receptor 'subtypes' may be the basis for the pharmacologic profile of various anesthetics observed in living animals and humans.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID