ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Despite the underfunding of trauma research, useful data are now emerging from trauma centres. The place of the surgeon and his interaction with non‐surgical intensivists is being redefined. Scoring systems and their impact on triage and comparisons between treatment modalities are discussed. Deaths in trauma and surgical patients after the acute phase are frequently linked with sepsis. There are proposals for redefining the terminology in sepsis. The prevalence of colonization and infection in intensive care units (ICUs) is examined together with the place for selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD).

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Advances in the management of acute respiratory failure are emerging on two fronts. First, an increasing understanding of the pathogenesis of the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) raises the possibility of specific new therapies. Second, developments in ventilation, membrane oxygenation techniques and novel new therapies such as nitric oxide inhalation offer promise of greater therapeutic success.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) continues to kill many patients. Although its pathophysiological pathways have been further elucidated we still have no effective direct pharmacotherapy. Ventilatory support has been further refined and the role of extracorporeal support continues to be investigated. The cardiovascular management, especially that of oxygen delivery (DO2) is, as ever, of intense interest. In the midst of these uncertainties there is hope in the evidence of a decreased mortality from the disease.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In cardiogenic shock early reperfusion, particularly via angioplasty, seems to hold promise. During septic shock the monitoring of regional perfusion abnormalities and the exact methods of optimizing oxygen transport variables remain controversial. The cytokine response is enjoying prominence and future hopes lie in its partial blockade. This article, while expanding on the above concepts, also calls for more precise definitions of patient populations.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The role of oxygen transport‐related variables in patient outcome has been known since the late 19th century. Recent techniques for measuring oxygen consumption (VO2) and oxygen delivery (DO2) have led to a better understanding of the relationship between DO2and VO2, particularly in patients suffering from complications of bacterial infections. Whereas morbidity and mortality can be related to ‘critical’ DO2and VO2levels, it is still not clear which mechanism is responsible for these changes. Possible mechanisms may be tissue hypoxia or a direct cellular event. Patients suffering from septic complications frequently develop multiple system organ failure (MSOF), which is associated with high mortality rates. The present state of the concepts of pathophysiology, with special attention to ‘critical DO2’, is reviewed. Attention is focused on present and future therapeutic concepts.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The role of the right ventricle (RV) in the maintenance of normal cardiovascular homeostasis is not clearly defined. Numerous conflicting studies concerning critical illnesses have recently been published. This paper reviews recent scientific advances relevant to our knowledge of RV pathophysiology and dysfunction observed in adult respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary embolism, acute myocardial infarction and after cardiac surgery. Paediatrics and consequences of surgical repair of congenital diseases have been excluded from this review. Recent advances in thermal dilution technology, echocardiography and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging are also critically analysed.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) literature over the past year has dealt predominantly with the mechanisms of blood flow and invasive resuscitation techniques, optimal epinephrine dosages, alternative buffering agents and endotracheal drug administration.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Rescue and transport services have evolved into a highly complex and specialized field. Staffing patterns, transport modalities and the introduction of new procedures and drugs in the prehospital and interhospital setting are discussed.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID