ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Postdural puncture headache is a distressing potential complication of spinal and epidural anesthesia. This article reviews the currently held thoughts on the topic, with a focus on the cause, prevention and treatment of postdural puncture headache.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

As anaesthetic-related maternal mortality reduces in the developed world, alternative indicators of obstetric anaesthetic quality are required. Serious morbidity is difficult to define and quantify, but can be reduced by the provision of effective critical care. Regional anaesthesia, although safer than general anaesthesia, is not without risks. Evidence-based strategies exist to reduce the risks.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Magnesium sulphate is not an effective tocolytic. Magnesium sulphate therapy was also linked to preterm neonatal deaths in one study, which was stopped before completion. Other studies suggest a possible neuroprotective effect of magnesium. Both of these issues require further study. Magnesium sulphate is clearly the drug of choice to prevent recurrent eclampsia and to treat severe pre-eclampsia.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Assessing fetal wellbeing has evolved from the ancient awareness of ‘quickening’ to a vast array of biophysical, imaging and biochemical methods. Because the results of these tests influence the urgency of fetal delivery and sometimes the choice of maternal anesthetic technique, it is important for anesthesiologists to understand the fundamentals of fetal monitoring and the changing face of new developments in this field. Noteworthy publications from the past year on this topic include new guidelines for the interpretation of fetal heart monitoring, advances in intrapartum fetal pulse oximetry, thresholds of acidosis associated with fetal injury, and efforts to decrease cerebral palsy through better antenatal biophysical testing.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Since the introduction of the combined spinal-epidural technique in the early 1980s it has gained increasing popularity for analgesia and anesthesia in labor and delivery. The benefit of the rapid onset of analgesia from the intrathecal injection, coupled with the flexibility of an epidural catheter that can provide a long duration of labor analgesia or conversion to an anesthetic when operative delivery is necessary, has made combined spinal-epidural the labor analgesic of choice in many obstetric anesthesia practices.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Homeothermic species such as birds and mammals require an almost constant internal body temperature to preserve normal physiological and metabolic function. When the internal temperature deviates significantly from normal, metabolic function deteriorates and death may result. The efficiency of the thermoregulatory system is highly affected by the administration of medication and by illnesses. Hypothermia may result, especially when these conditions are associated with exposure to a cold environment. Because such conditions exist during anaesthesia and surgery, the understanding of the physiology of the thermoregulatory system and the associated perianaesthetic thermal disturbances is essential to a proper intraoperative management. The purpose of this review is to provide clinicians with a better understanding of these principles, and also to elaborate on the most recent advances in this field, which should help to improve intraoperative anaesthetic temperature management.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This paper reviews the main physiological consequences of the creation of a pneumoperitoneum in neonates, infants and young children. Validated indications of laparoscopic surgery are reported and the main adverse effects of this type of management are detailed as well as the preventive or therapeutic measures recommended to limit their negative consequences. Anaesthetic precautions and recommendations are developed, both for intra- and post-operative management of paediatric patients.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The use of a cuffed endotracheal tube should no longer be limited by the age of the child but by his or her clinical condition (e.g. poor lung compliance). To prevent pharyngeal damage, overinflation of the cuff of the laryngeal mask airway should be avoided by inflating it with the minimum volume required to maintain an effective seal and by monitoring intracuff pressure if nitrous oxide is used. Percutaneous tracheostomy in children is still in the experimental stage. New and older devices to perform one-lung ventilation in children are also described.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID