ISSN:0275-1879    

DOI:10.1111/j.1754-4505.1994.tb01119.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0275-1879    

DOI:10.1111/j.1754-4505.1994.tb01120.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

People with disabilities develop more dental disease than the average population and have a harder time accessing and using resources for dental treatment. It is therefore critical to prevent dental problems in this population. This article discusses the development and use of a preventive dentistry training program consisting of a videotape, workbook, instructions for trainers, and pre‐ and post‐tests. The training program was designed to facilitate integration of dental and behavioral information into daily routines.Participants were able to demonstrate that they could learn the information in the training materials using the methodology that was employed. Further work remains to be done to revise and disseminate the materials and to demonstrate that the knowledge that the participants gained can be effectively applied in community care setti

ISSN:0275-1879    

DOI:10.1111/j.1754-4505.1994.tb01121.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper describes a test which was developed for use in assessing the functional oral hygiene status of an elderly population. The instrument was tested among 80 community‐dwelling elderly subjects 65 or more years old. The instrument, the Oral Hygiene Performance Test [OHPT], is a direct‐observation measure which objectively quantifies the individual's ability to perform oral hygiene and thus reduces subjective evaluation. The test utilized several items from other already‐validated instruments currently in use in geriatric medicine to assess functional abilities in a geriatric population. Additional items were developed by the research team and were included in this 17‐item test.The OHPT was validated with common measures of physical function and direct‐observation measures. Construct validity was assessed by comparison of the OHPT scores with other commonly used measures of other dimensions. The instrument proved to be reliable and demonstrated construct as well as concurrent validity. It appears that the OHPT can prove useful to clinicians in assessing the oral physical function of elderly patients with regard to their maintenance of oral hygiene. Because the OHPT is a direct‐observation instrument, it can even elicit higher functions in elderly patients. While effective among the studied population, the instrument may still need to be validated among more diverse populations, such as various ethnic groups and demented or severely impaired

ISSN:0275-1879    

DOI:10.1111/j.1754-4505.1994.tb01122.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An individual's ability to perform adequate oral care may become jeopardized by medical and physical insults associated with the aging process. Declines in oral care abilities may be difficult to identify, and usually go unnoticed and unaddressed. This study examined a tool developed to assess tooth brushing ability in elderly patients. The Tooth brushing Ability Test (TAT) was examined for its ability to predict brushing effectiveness (measured by plaque levels) and to determine its interrater and intrarater reliability. Fifty‐eight dentate subjects, age 65 and older, from the Portland Veterans Affairs Medical Center and a community nursing home participated. Results showed highly significant Spearman correlations between TAT scores and plaque levels (r = 0.719; p<0.000). Correlations also revealed high interrater (r = 0.87) and intrarater reliability (r = 0.82). The results suggest that the TAT is a practical and effective screening tool for assessing oral self‐care ability in the elde

ISSN:0275-1879    

DOI:10.1111/j.1754-4505.1994.tb01123.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Local applications of sustained‐released varnishes of chlorhexidine and arginine were used in a controlled pilot study of 34 mentally retarded patients, ages 18–45, assigned to one of these groups: chlorhexidine (C), arginine (A), or placebo (P). A professional scaling followed by four weeks of professional brushing to reach a Plaque Index (PII) and Gingival Index (GI) of 1.0 at baseline preceded eight weeks of daily varnish application to the buccaI and labial surfaces of all teeth. Clinical parameters (PII and GI) and bacterial samples from selected teeth were collected at predetermined intervals. Four and eight weeks following the baseline, the PII was significantly different among the groups, with the lowest score in the chlorhexidine group. No significant differences among the three groups were noted for the GI. The chlorhexidine and arginine groups showed significant reductions (p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively) in the number of S. mutans.The arginine group showed a nonsignificant increase in the number ofS. sanguis. These results suggest that the topical antimicrobial agents may have some relevance to plaque control among patients with mental retardat

ISSN:0275-1879    

DOI:10.1111/j.1754-4505.1994.tb01124.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Parkinson's disease (PO) patients report an increased craving for sweets, which may have an effect on microflora. We compared patients of PD who crave sweets with PD patients who do not. Age‐ and sex‐matched control subjects were used, with 14 subjects in each group. A plaque sample was taken from tooth #18 with a curette and placed into RTF, homogenized, and plated onto selective and non‐selective media. Microflora were expressed as % CFU's of total anaerobes. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA and Newman‐Keuls on log‐transformed data. No statistical difference was observed among the three groups for lactobacilli, bacteroides, fusobacteria, veillonella, and actinomyces. S. mutans was lower in controls than in PD patients. Apparently, the craving for sweets in PD patients does not result in a significant increase in % of total anaerobes of certain microflora. PD patients showed a significant increase in mucositis compared with the contr

ISSN:0275-1879    

DOI:10.1111/j.1754-4505.1994.tb01125.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Ethical Questions in DentistryWhy Replace a Missing Back Tooth? (2nd ed.)Parentcare Survival Guild—Helping Your Folks Through the Not‐So‐Golden YearsProsthetic Rehabili

ISSN:0275-1879    

DOI:10.1111/j.1754-4505.1994.tb01126.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY