ISSN:0275-1879    

DOI:10.1111/j.1754-4505.1996.tb00832.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Many nursing home residents have poor oral health and are in need of treatment. A major barrier to pre viding care is the difficulty of examining cognitively impaired elders. In two research studies, 625 exams were conducted on 181 nursing home residents, the majority of whom suffered severe cognitive impairment. Qualitative data collected during the course of these two studies revealed strategies that permitted examiners to conduct the examinations successfully, including developing rapport with the residents, providing a quiet environment, and enlisting the help of the primary caregiver. The importance of interdisciplinary collaboration among health professionals, especially dentists and nurses, is discussed.

ISSN:0275-1879    

DOI:10.1111/j.1754-4505.1996.tb00833.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Chlorhexidine is beneficial in maintaining the oral health of persons diagnosed with mental retardation. Proper daily oral administration, however, depends upon the compliance of Caregivers as well as patient acceptance. If caregivers are non‐compliant or if patients are overly resistant to daily applications of chlorhexidine, its proven benefits will not be realized. This study evaluated two methods of chlorhexidine administration for patient acceptance and direct‐care staff compliance among 44 institutionalized individuals diagnosed with mental retardat

ISSN:0275-1879    

DOI:10.1111/j.1754-4505.1996.tb00834.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to determine if instruction in how to perform the MDS (Minimum Data Set) oral health assessment and RAP (Resident Assessment Protocol) Summary required by federal regulations will improve nurses' accuracy of the assessments. Fifty residents, admitted within 90 days before a training lecture, were assessed by 18 nurses. A 30‐minute training session demonstrated how to perform an oral examination, including hands‐on practice under a dentist's supervision. Seven to ten days after the lecture, the nurses reexamined the same residents. These assessments were compared with the admission assessments and a dentist's findings (reference). The results of this study indicate that a 30 minute training session made a significant difference in improving nurses' accuracy in completing the assessments with regard to oral health status and treatment n

ISSN:0275-1879    

DOI:10.1111/j.1754-4505.1996.tb00835.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of nurses' background on their accuracy in determining oral health status and treatment need of newly admitted nursing home residents before and after tutoring. Eighteen nurses examined SO nursing home residents before and after an in‐service training lecture. Examinations performed by a dentist served as reference. Background items evaluated were: regularity of each nurse's own dental visits; years since graduation from nursing school; length of experience in an LTC facility; and training received in oral health care. At the second evaluation, nurses greatly improved the % agreement on ail items. The results of this study indicate that, regardless of background characteristics, the combination of training, the presence of the dentist, and knowledge that they were in a study appeared to improve nurses' performance on the assessment. Before training, more experienced nurses were better able to determine hard tissue abnormalities than their less experienced counterparts; before training, neither group performed well in assessing soft tissue lesions. Therefore, improvements in basic nursing training in this area appear to be necessar

ISSN:0275-1879    

DOI:10.1111/j.1754-4505.1996.tb00836.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Nurses' aides provide the majority of direct care for nursing facility residents. This study investigated aides' self‐reported oral care activities and personal, job, organizational, and resident factors associated with oral care. A 30‐item questionnaire was completed by 488 aides, and interviews were conducted with 65 of these aides. Aides were performing oral care activities for residents. Associations between some of the four groups of factors proposed and aides' oral care provision were found. Aides' attitudes toward oraI care, lack of time and staff to complete oral care, and behavioral and physical difficulties with residents may have affected the time spent by these aides in providing oral care. The study highlighted the need for further investigation and assessment of (1) aides' CNA training courses and (2) continuing oral health educational interventions in nursing facilities. Personal interviews were found to be a useful qualitative instrument for conducting dental research in nursing facilities. Further investigation is needed of interviews and other methodologies, such as observation, to supplement self‐report as a measure of aides' oral care activ

ISSN:0275-1879    

DOI:10.1111/j.1754-4505.1996.tb00837.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Persons with Down's syndrome (DS) are susceptible to severe and precocious periodontal disease. Several organisms have been implicated in the etiology of periodontal disease, includingActinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa).It is unknown whether circulating antibodies correlate with the severity of periodontal disease in DS. This study determined the circulating antibody titers toAain sera of DS and normal patients. Eleven DS patients with periodontal disease (pocket depth>4 mm), five DS patients with gingivitis (inflammation and pocket depth<3 mm), and 10 non‐DS healthy subjects had blood drawn and analyzed for antibody response toAa.Conventional enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with goat anti‐human IgG was performed for Aa‐reactive serum diluted 1:200 to 1:12,800. Geometric mean titer was calculated, and significant differences were noted between the control group and the DS groups (p = 0.05), with the DS periodontal group having the highest response, followed by the DS gingivitis and normal controls, respectively. The DS groups were not significantly different. DS patients may exhibit a higherAaantibody response, due to the presence of the organism, previous exposure, or in proportion to the extent of their periodontal co

ISSN:0275-1879    

DOI:10.1111/j.1754-4505.1996.tb00838.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The oral health status of 249 individuals with chronic schizophrenia was evaluated by means of the Oral Hygiene Index (OHI‐S) and Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth scores (DMFT). The patients were subdivided as to chronicity of illness and venue of psychiatric treatment (158 inpatients ≥ 10 years' hospitalization, 34 inpatients ≤ 10 years' hospitalization, and 57 outpatients). The severity of schizophrenia was determined by: the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), the intensity of negative symptoms of schizophrenia [as measured by the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Negative Symptoms (BPRSNEGS)], and the equivalent dose of chloropromazine (EDC).This study demonstrated that inpatients had greater amounts of dental disease than outpatients. The extent of dental disease among inpatients as measured by both the OHI‐S and DMFT scores was directly related to the intensity of schize phrenia (BPRS), magnitue of negative symptoms associated with schizophrenia (BPRSNEGS), and length of hospitalization. DMFT scores were directly related to ED

ISSN:0275-1879    

DOI:10.1111/j.1754-4505.1996.tb00839.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY