1. |
Dissolution of carbon dioxide in CaO‐CaF2‐Al2O3based melts containing Na2O or K2O oxide |
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Archiv für das Eisenhüttenwesen,
Volume 63,
Issue 5,
2016,
Page 189-193
Simeon Simeonov,
Masafumi Maeda,
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摘要:
The influence of Na2O or K2O on the solubility of CO2in CaO‐CaF2‐Al2O3based melts is measured by a thermogravimetric technique over a temperature range of 1250–1350°C. The values of the carbonate capacities (C'c= wt. %) are calculated by data on the dissolution and partial pressure of carbon dioxide. The replacement of CaO by Na2O leads to an increase of the carbonate capacity to a maximum at 3–3.5 wt. % Na2O and then to a decrease. The addition of Na2O or K2O up to 2 wt. %, to CaO‐CaF2‐Al2O3increases the carbonate capacity at 1300°C by 30%.
ISSN:0003-8962
DOI:10.1002/srin.199200497
出版商:Wiley
年代:2016
数据来源: WILEY
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2. |
Mathematical modelling of thermal fields in some heat treatment operations |
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Archiv für das Eisenhüttenwesen,
Volume 63,
Issue 5,
2016,
Page 194-200
Amarendra K. Singh,
Dipak Mazumdar,
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摘要:
A three‐dimensional heat‐flow model has been developed to estimate thermal fields associated with various heat treatment processes (viz., heating above critical temperatures, air cooling, water quenching operations etc.). The mathematical model has been considered in terms of an appropriate coordinate system so as to carry out numerical calculations for a wide range of geometries (viz., slab, parallepiped, cylinder etc.) and different grades of steel typically encountered in the metal processing industries. To assess the adequacy of the model developed, numerical predictions have first been derived for various bench‐mark heat‐flow situations and compared with equivalent situations reported in literature. In conjunction with theoretical predictions, extensive experimental measurements of transient temperature fields in different size, shape and grades of solid steel have been carried out in the laboratory. Subsequently, measurements and experiments have been compared directly to validate the model predictions.
ISSN:0003-8962
DOI:10.1002/srin.199200498
出版商:Wiley
年代:2016
数据来源: WILEY
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3. |
Water modelling study of the jet characteristics in a continuous casting mould |
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Archiv für das Eisenhüttenwesen,
Volume 63,
Issue 5,
2016,
Page 201-204
Dharmendra Gupta,
Amit Kumar Lahiri,
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摘要:
The jet characteristics and the fluid flow pattern in a continuous slab caster have been studied using a water model. The fluid jet is studied under free fall and submerged discharge conditions. In the latter case, the jet was followed by dye‐injection technique and image analyser was used to find out the effect of nozzle parameters on jet‐spread angle, jet‐discharge angle and the volume entrainment by the jet. All free‐fall jets with nozzle port angle zero and upward are found to be spinning. Some of the free‐fall jets with downward nozzle‐port angle are found to be spinning and rest are smooth. The spinning direction of the jets are found to change with time. The well depth, port diameter and the inner diameter of the nozzle have a clear effect on the free‐fall jets with downward port angle. The jet‐spread angle is found to be about 17° for smooth jets. The spread angle for spinning jet increases as the nozzle‐port angle is increased from downward 25 to upward 15°. The jet‐discharge angle is always downward even when the nozzle‐discharge ports are angled upward. The extent of volume entrainment by the spinning jet is higher and it increases as the nozzle‐port angle is increased from 25 downward to 15° upward.
ISSN:0003-8962
DOI:10.1002/srin.199200499
出版商:Wiley
年代:2016
数据来源: WILEY
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4. |
A mathematical model of a single‐roll continuous strip caster based on fluid‐mechanics considerations |
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Archiv für das Eisenhüttenwesen,
Volume 63,
Issue 5,
2016,
Page 205-211
Surya Pratap Mehrotra,
Rajiv Tandon,
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摘要:
A mathematical model based on fluid mechanics considerations has been formulated to describe a single‐roll continuous strip caster. The heat transfer related phenomena are incorporated in the model through an empirical over‐all parameter. The model provides useful interrelationships between the final strip thickness and the operation and design parameters, e.g. the speed of rotation of the caster drum, the stand‐off distance, the nozzle passage gap and the liquid metal head in the reservoir. Simulating the process, using the model, it has been possible to predict the effect of these parameters on the final strip thickness. The model allows, though indirectly, the prediction of the conditions which would lead to choking of the liquid metal pool due to premature solidification. Comparing the results of this model with those obtained using the model based on heat balance considerations only, it is noted that the former predicts higher values of final strip thickness.
ISSN:0003-8962
DOI:10.1002/srin.199200500
出版商:Wiley
年代:2016
数据来源: WILEY
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5. |
Ermittlung von Fließkurven beim Kaltwalzen anhand gemessener Walzparameter |
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Archiv für das Eisenhüttenwesen,
Volume 63,
Issue 5,
2016,
Page 212-218
Tapio Siltari,
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摘要:
Nach der Kaltwalztheorie von Bland, Ellis und Ford wird die mittlere Fließspannung für zwei nichtrostende austenitische Stähle (1.4301 und 1.4436) direkt aus den gemessenen Kaltwalzparametern ermittelt. Die so ermittelten Fließkurven sind charakteristisch für das jeweilige Walzgerüst, an dem die Walzparameter gemessen wurden. Die Determinationskoeffizienten (R2‐Wert) der Fließkurven beider Stähle weichen erheblich voneinander ab: für die Stahlsorte 1.4301 wurde derR2‐Wert zu 0,828 und für den Stahl 1.4436 zu 0,686 bestimmt. Diese Abweichung ist auf das unterschiedliche Verfestigungsverhalten beider Stähle zurückzuführen.
ISSN:0003-8962
DOI:10.1002/srin.199200501
出版商:Wiley
年代:2016
数据来源: WILEY
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6. |
Dissolution of Nb(C,N) in mild steel during annealing |
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Archiv für das Eisenhüttenwesen,
Volume 63,
Issue 5,
2016,
Page 219-220
Yoshio Hashimoto,
Kazumitsu Shinohara,
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摘要:
A formula for the solubility products of Nb and C in mild steel containing small amount of Ti which has been annealed in the austenitic region for 90s is presented. This solubility product gives closer agreement than that calculated from Smith's formula based on long‐term annealing. Fine ferrite grains were achieved by dissolving Nb(C,N) into the matrix during annealing due to the increased supercooling during the austenite → ferrite transformation.
ISSN:0003-8962
DOI:10.1002/srin.199200502
出版商:Wiley
年代:2016
数据来源: WILEY
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7. |
Influence of niobium on stacking‐fault energy of all‐austenite stainless steels |
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Archiv für das Eisenhüttenwesen,
Volume 63,
Issue 5,
2016,
Page 221-223
Luis G. Martinez,
Kengo Imakuma,
Angelo F. Padilha,
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摘要:
The effects of niobium addition on a completely austenitic stainless steel matrix consisting of Fe‐15%Cr‐15%Ni, with about 0, 0.5, 1 and 2% niobium, were studied by determination of stacking fault energies by means of X‐ray diffraction analysis. A strong influence of niobium on stacking‐fault energies was found, whose behaviour can be explained as being due to decrease in the electron/atom ratio and increase in the L. Pauling electron vacancy number of austenitic Fe‐Cr‐Ni matrix brought on by niobium.
ISSN:0003-8962
DOI:10.1002/srin.199200503
出版商:Wiley
年代:2016
数据来源: WILEY
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8. |
ECSC announcements |
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Archiv für das Eisenhüttenwesen,
Volume 63,
Issue 5,
2016,
Page 223-223
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ISSN:0003-8962
DOI:10.1002/srin.199200504
出版商:Wiley
年代:2016
数据来源: WILEY
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9. |
Welding character of the cryogenic and non‐magnetic steel Fe‐23Mn.4Al‐5Cr‐0.3C |
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Archiv für das Eisenhüttenwesen,
Volume 63,
Issue 5,
2016,
Page 224-226
Xing Tian,
Yansheng Zhang,
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摘要:
The cold‐rolled sheet of cryogenic and non‐magnetic steel Fe‐23Mn‐4Al‐5Cr‐0.3C was welded by means of argon tungsten arc welding with the filler wire containing 26.65Mn, 3.06Al, 5.31 Cr and 0.31 C (wt.‐%). The mechanical properties and microstructure of welded joints were examined at 300 and 77 K. The experimental results indicate that the weld metal and the heat affected zone are possessed of satisfactory mechanical properties suitable for cryogenic use and its austenitic structure is quite stable. No cooling delta‐ferrite was observed in the weld metal or the heat affected zone. Thus, it is suggested that the Fe‐23Mn‐4Al‐5Cr‐0.3C steel can be used as a new material for weldments at cryogenic temperatures.
ISSN:0003-8962
DOI:10.1002/srin.199200505
出版商:Wiley
年代:2016
数据来源: WILEY
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