摘要:

Seven hundred and twenty-four people (541 female, 183 male), aged 84-88 years and living at home in the city of Tampere, Finland, accepted our invitation to be examined in the outpatient department of the local geriatric hospital. These subjects were re-examined annually, and their fate was followed for 3 years. The blood pressure level was a prognostic sign for mortality during the first year after its measurement. The lowest mortality rate was found among those subjects with systolic blood pressure between 140 and 169mmHg and diastolic blood pressure between 70 and 99mmHg. Blood pressures outside of these ranges were associated with increased mortality rates, particularly cardiac and coronary mortality. The mortality rate was especially high among those whose systolic blood pressure had decreased to low levels in the year before, but was lower in those whose systolic blood pressure had decreased from high to middle levels (140-169 mmHg) than in those with consistently high systolic blood pressure. Eventual institutionalization was more common in those with low systolic blood pressure.

ISSN:0263-6352    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

We have developed a system for measuring the dynamic changes in the cytoplasmic free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) in single vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) that is highly sensitive and does not cause cellular damage. Marked increases in [Ca2+]iin response to stimulation with caffeine and angiotensin II occurred in some VSMC of 4-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), in which the blood pressure and basal [Ca2+]ilevels are not yet elevated. In 8-week-old rats, the basal [Ca2+]ilevel in VSMC was higher in SHR than in Wistar-Kyoto rats. Although the effects of high blood pressure on [Ca2+]iin vivo were expected to disappear during the passage culture, the [Ca2+]iin the fifth-passage cells was similar to that in the primary cells. These results suggest that the maintenance of high [Ca2+]ilevels in VSMC of SHR is genetically regulated and is one of the mechanisms of hypertension in this strain, and that abnormal calcium regulation in VSMC of SHR is expressed even before overt hypertension.

ISSN:0263-6352    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

We compared blood pressure recordings made with the A& D UA-751 semi-automated cuff-oscillometric sphygmomanometer (A& D Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan) and with a conventional Hawksley random-zero mercury sphygmomanometer (Hawksley and Sons Ltd, Lancing, UK). Simultaneous single-arm recordings were obtained in duplicate with both devices in 200 subjects having blood pressure in the ranges 92–221/51– 121 mmHg. The measurements obtained by three observers using the Hawksley sphygmomanometer were compared with recordings from two A& D UA-751 devices. In most cases, there was an acceptable level of agreement between the results, according to the criteria suggested by the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (range of differences systolic: mean − 0.9 to 1.4 mmHg, s.d. 4.6–9.8 mmHg; diastolic: mean − 0.6 to 1.3 mmHg, s.d. 2.9–5.1 mmHg), although there were sizeable discrepancies in individual subjects. Thus the A& D UA-751 device appears to be an acceptable alternative to a conventional sphygmomanometer; it should be suitable for routine clinical and limited research use, including intermittent home blood pressure recording.

ISSN:0263-6352    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The amplitude of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) while breathing quietly was measured in 32 mildly hypertensive subjects and in 28 normotensive controls. In 35 subjects, the RSA amplitude in response to rebreathing carbon dioxide was also measured. The RSA amplitude while breathing quietly was smaller in the hypertensive group, particularly in the subjects having the highest levels of diastolic blood pressure. The breathing rate was greater and the heart period (R–R interval) shorter in the hypertensive subjects. After adjusting for differences in the breathing rate, the RSA amplitude was similar in both groups, but the heart period remained shorter in the hypertensive subjects. These findings suggest that breathing style may contribute to a reduction in parasympathetic cardiac control in mild hypertension.

ISSN:0263-6352    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0263-6352    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0263-6352    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID