ISSN:0272-4391    

DOI:10.1002/ddr.430010302

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNarcotic dependence was established in male rats by continuous infusion of morphine given in increasing concentrations. Termination of the morphine infusion resulted in the reliable occurrence of body shakes. Narcotic drugs, morphine, fentanyl, and methadone, blocked withdrawal body shakes in a dose‐dependent manner. The butyrophenone neuroleptics, haloperidol, benperidol, and azaperone, were also effective in reducing withdrawal body shakes at doses that do not produce side effects. Trifluoperazine and chlorpromazine, two tricyclic neuroleptics were effective in reducing withdrawal shakes only at high doses that produced side effects. The anti‐withdrawal action of morphine, haloperidol, benperidol, and azaperone but not of chlorpromazine and trifluoperazine was antagonized by nalox

ISSN:0272-4391    

DOI:10.1002/ddr.430010303

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBinding of3H‐flunitrazepam to specific sites on rat‐brain membranes is anion‐dependent. In the absence of added ions, binding is reduced to less than 10% of maximum, and eight anions (Tris salts) were found to increase binding in a concentration‐dependent and saturable manner with affinity constants (Kd) ranging from 0.75 mM (phosphate) to 4.5 mM (chloride). The GABA mimetic THIP (200 μM) increases these Kd values from three‐ to 10‐fold, depending on the anion. The GABA mimetics isoguvacine and piperidine‐4‐sulfonic acid (P4S) increase the Kd values for chloride ion eight‐ to 10‐fold, while amino‐propanesulfonate and imidazole acetate produce smaller (2‐ to 4‐fold) increases. These effects of THIP on anion affinities are reversed in a competitive manner by GABA and muscimol. Although there is no correlation between the ability of the anions to enhance3H‐flunitrazepam binding and their ability to substitute for chloride ion electrophysiologically, it seems possible that the ions bind to sites similar to the chloride channels associated with GABA receptors. All benzodiazepine receptors are probably coupled indirectly to GABA receptors

ISSN:0272-4391    

DOI:10.1002/ddr.430010304

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effects of single doses of 50 mg of viloxazine, 100 mg of viloxazine, 50 mg of imipramine, and placebo given alone and in combination with alcohol on perceptual‐motor performance potentially related to driving were studied in eight normal subjects. The study design permitted testing of visual reaction time, pursuit rotor performance, and depth perception when blood levels of the active drugs and alcohol were at or near peak. Analyses revealed that the effects of alcohol increased visual reaction time and decreased pursuit rotor performance. None of the drugs produced statistically significant changes on any of the measures. None of the effects of the combined drug and alcohol conditions differed significantly from the effects of alcohol alon

ISSN:0272-4391    

DOI:10.1002/ddr.430010305

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRats when placed into a highly stressful swimming situation will frequently die within a matter of minutes. It has been suggested that death is due to experimentally induced “hopelessness.” The present paper describes procedures with which “sudden death” can be rapidly and reliably induced in laboratory rats and reports that four psychoactive drugs (imipramine, d‐amphetamine, chlordiazepoxide, and chlorpromazine) tested failed to affect survival time. It is concluded that the procedure is not useful for the screening of potential antidepressant or other kinds of psychotro

ISSN:0272-4391    

DOI:10.1002/ddr.430010306

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRats aged 6, 12, 24, 36, and 52 weeks were subjected to social isolation for 4 days, while littermates housed in groups of six for the same period served as controls. The isolation treatment resulted in a 2‐fold increase in the serum corticosterone level of all except the youngest animals in whom the hormone level was greater than 4 times that of their age‐matched controls. Hepatic microsomal protein was highest in the 24‐week‐old rats and lowest in the rats aged 52 weeks. The levels of most of the enzymes measured were lowest in the 6‐ and 52‐week‐old animals. No significant differences in microsomal protein, cytochrome P450, epoxide hydrolase, UDPGA transferase, or glutathione transferase were observed between the isolated and control animals. The stress treatment increased aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase levels of the rats aged 6, 36, and 52 weeks by 100%, 50%, and 33% respectively. The microsomes prepared from livers of isolated 6‐week‐old animals catalyzed the binding of significantly higher amounts of [3H]‐benzo(a)pyrene t

ISSN:0272-4391    

DOI:10.1002/ddr.430010307

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effects of colchicine and two of its chemical derivatives (propyl and bromo substitutions on the acetamido group) were investigated on the sheep red blood cell (SRBC) humoral antibody response in mice. These drugs were shown to suppress SRBC antibody titres. Immunosuppression was dependent upon temporal relationships of antigen/drug administration, as well as on the dosage profile of the drugs. In these studies bromocolchicine was the most active agent tested. Possible pharmacologic mechanisms are discussed.

ISSN:0272-4391    

DOI:10.1002/ddr.430010308

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract5HT facilitates responses of field‐stimulated body wall ofLumbricus terrestrisand induces rhythmic, spontaneous contractions. This response was also induced by the 5HT agonist 5‐methoxytryptamine, the 5HT releasers fenfluramine and p‐chloramphetamine, and the 5HT uptake blockers fluoxetine and chlorimipramine but not by catecholamines, octopamine, ACh, GABA, glutamate, histamine, adenosine, amphetamine, or amitriptyline.5HTP was effective in the presence of a monoamine oxidase inhibitor. Fluoxetine potentiated 5HT and 5‐methoxytryptamine at concentrations that had little effect alone.This response has been used as a model of 5HT transmission to study some psychotherapeutic drugs. Mepiprazole enhances 5HT transmission and may release 5HT. Trazodone also enhances 5HT transmission. Nomifensine inhibited body wall responses to field stimulation but induced no 5HT‐like activity. Viloxazine was inactive in this model. Flurazepam induced spontaneity but no increase in responses to field stimulation. This response is not similar to that of 5HT and may result from an action of flurazepam unrelated to 5HT m

ISSN:0272-4391    

DOI:10.1002/ddr.430010309

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTo investigate the influence of the GABA‐agonist, THIP, (4,5,6,7‐tetrahydroisoxazolo [5,4‐c] pyridin‐3‐ol) on the striatal dopaminergic system in mice after repeated administration, THIP, cis(Z)‐flupentixol, or haloperidol were given alone or in combinations for 12 days. The binding of3H‐spiroperidol was greatly increased, and that of3H‐cis(Z)‐flupentixol was slightly increased after treatment with THIP alone. After repeated treatment with neuroleptics, only slight increases in the binding were seen. There was no additive effect when treatments with THIP and the neuroleptics were combined.Repeated administration of THIP did not induce changes in the ability of an acute dose of either haloperidol or cis(Z)‐flupentixol to antagonize methylphenidate‐induced stereotyped gnawing. The behavioural supersensitivity induced by chronic treatment with the two neuroleptics was not changed by concomitan

ISSN:0272-4391    

DOI:10.1002/ddr.430010310

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0272-4391    

DOI:10.1002/ddr.430010301

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY