ISSN:0005-9021    

DOI:10.1002/bbpc.19680720802

出版商:Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH&Co. KGaA    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0005-9021    

DOI:10.1002/bbpc.19680720803

出版商:Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH&Co. KGaA    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0005-9021    

DOI:10.1002/bbpc.19680720804

出版商:Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH&Co. KGaA    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0005-9021    

DOI:10.1002/bbpc.19680720805

出版商:Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH&Co. KGaA    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0005-9021    

DOI:10.1002/bbpc.19680720806

出版商:Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH&Co. KGaA    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0005-9021    

DOI:10.1002/bbpc.19680720807

出版商:Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH&Co. KGaA    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSysteme unimolekularer Reaktionen mit verschiedenen Aktivierungsformen, mit thermischer, optischer, chemischer, sekundärer Aktivierung und Aktivierung durch Elektronenstoß, werden einander gegenübergestellt. Es wird der Zusammenhang zwischen den jeweils experimentell zugänglichen Größen und den sich während der Reaktion einstellenden Besetzungen von Molekülzuständen sowie den Eigenschaften der beteiligten mikroskopischen Elementarprozesse angedeutet. Formeln der statistischen Theorie von Zerfallsgeschwindigkeiten und Theorien thermischer unimolekularer Reaktionen werden e

ISSN:0005-9021    

DOI:10.1002/bbpc.19680720808

出版商:Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH&Co. KGaA    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn the present review the attempt has been made to relate the molecular beam results on chemical reactions to the macroscopic reaction rate constants. The review starts with a summary of the phenomenological description of bimolecular reactions. The advantages and disadvantages of this simple description are pointed out. In the second section the collision theory of rate constants is derived and the Boltzmann equation for calculating the rate of a macroscopic reaction under extreme conditions is introduced. The connection between reactive cross sections and chemical forces is emphasized. In the third section the crossed molecular beam method is decribed. Recent measurements of the following properties of reactive collisions are then reviewed: angular distribution of products, integral reactive cross sections, internal excitation of the products and, finally, orientation dependence of reactive cross sections. The review ends with a brief interpretation of the beam data in terms of chemical forces.

ISSN:0005-9021    

DOI:10.1002/bbpc.19680720809

出版商:Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH&Co. KGaA    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEs wird ein überblick über die theoretische Behandlung verschiedener Typen bimolekularer Reaktionen gegeben. An Reaktionen mit langlebigem Zwischenkomplex wird die statistische Theorie bimolekularer Reaktionen diskutiert. Unter den direkten bimolekularen Reaktionen mit kurzlebigem Zwischenkomplex werden besonders Herausschlag‐ und Abstreifmechanismen betrachtet, dabei wird für Abstreifmechanismen das optische Modell bimolekularer Reaktionen erlä

ISSN:0005-9021    

DOI:10.1002/bbpc.19680720810

出版商:Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH&Co. KGaA    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDifferent levels of the field of chemical kinetics are related to each other by the following outline:Practical chemical systemsElementary chemical reactionsElementary chemical‐physical reactionsElementary physical reactionsTime‐dependent quantum mechanicsThe theory of practical chemical kinetics is manipulation of rate constants of elementary chemical reactions by Bodenstein's steady‐state method. The experiments of elementary chemical reactions are the elements of the theory of practical chemical kinetics. The field of elementary chemical reactions has now become so mature that it is worthwhile to produce handbooks of data on the rate constants of elementary reactions in terms of appropriate macroscopic variables,k(T),k(T, M), ork(T, [M]). Complex rate phenomena can be understood in terms of the elementary steps, and new rate phenomena can be predicted from sets of elementary reactions. In this way tables of elementary rate constants and the theory of elementary chemical reactions can make an important contribution to other areas of chemistry, including chemical problems of the most practical sort.Theories of elementary chemical reactions are forced to make extensive (plausible) assumptions about potential‐energy functions, suitable coordinates, reaction cross sections, and molecular distribution functions. Direct experiments with molecular beams and new optical techniques are capable of giving actual observed data where the theory of elementary chemical reactions has traditionally been forced to make assumptions. Workers in these new fields need, perhaps, to be urged to keep a sympathetic eye on the “old‐fashioned” theories of elementary chemical reactions and to design some of the new experiments to confirm, or to deny, or to improve the postulates of these theories.The theory of elementary chemical‐physical and elementary physical reactions is fundamental, many‐particle quantum mechanics. Useful, approximate solutions for extremely simple systems can be carried out. For large atoms or molecules as reactants, there is considerable room for the development of effective new theoretical techniques in calculating elementary reaction rates.The field of chemical kinetics has a unity and a connectedness across its various levels of abstraction that should be understood and appreciated by all of

ISSN:0005-9021    

DOI:10.1002/bbpc.19680720811

出版商:Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH&Co. KGaA    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY