1. |
Fitting Smoothed Centile Curves to Reference Data |
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Journal of the Statistical Society of London,
Volume 151,
Issue 3,
2018,
Page 385-406
T. J. Cole,
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摘要:
SUMMARYA general method is described for fitting smooth centile curves to reference data, based on the power transformation family of Box and Cox. The data are defined by values or ranges of values of the independent variablet, and best fitting powers ̂λiassuming normality are estimated for each groupi.Corresponding estimates for the generalized mean and coefficient of variation ̂μiand ̂σiare also obtained. The ̂λi, ̂μiand ̂σiplotted againsttiare fitted by smooth curvesL(t),M(t) andS(t) respectively, which together define a smooth curve for the 100αth centile given byC100α(t)=M(t)[1+L(t)S(t)zα]1/L(t),wherezαis the normal equivalent deviate for tail area α. The method is validated by comparison with published growth standards and illustrated on weight and height data in children. A section describing the practical details of the method is also included.
ISSN:0959-5341
DOI:10.2307/2982992
出版商:Wiley
年代:2018
数据来源: WILEY
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2. |
Discussion of the Paper by Cole |
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Journal of the Statistical Society of London,
Volume 151,
Issue 3,
2018,
Page 407-418
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ISSN:0959-5341
DOI:10.1111/j.1467-985X.1988.tb00050.x
出版商:Wiley
年代:2018
数据来源: WILEY
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3. |
Publication Bias: A Problem in Interpreting Medical Data |
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Journal of the Statistical Society of London,
Volume 151,
Issue 3,
2018,
Page 419-445
Colin B. Begg,
Jesse A. Berlin,
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摘要:
SUMMARYPublication bias, the phenomenon in which studies with positive results are more likely to be published than studies with negative results, is a serious problem in the interpretation of scientific research. Various hypothetical models have been studied which clarify the potential for bias and highlight characteristics which make a study especially susceptible to bias. Empirical investigations have supported the hypothesis that bias exists and have provided a quantitative assessment of the magnitude of the problem. The use of meta‐analysis as a research tool has focused attention on the issue, since naive methodologies in this area are especially susceptible to bias. In this paper we review the available research, discuss alternative suggestions for conducting unbiased meta‐analysis and suggest some scientific policy measures which could improve the quality of published data in the long term.
ISSN:0959-5341
DOI:10.2307/2982993
出版商:Wiley
年代:2018
数据来源: WILEY
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4. |
Discussion of the Paper by Begg and Berlin |
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Journal of the Statistical Society of London,
Volume 151,
Issue 3,
2018,
Page 445-463
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ISSN:0959-5341
DOI:10.1111/j.1467-985X.1988.tb00052.x
出版商:Wiley
年代:2018
数据来源: WILEY
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5. |
Strategies for the Distribution of Relief Food |
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Journal of the Statistical Society of London,
Volume 151,
Issue 3,
2018,
Page 464-472
John Seaman,
John Rivers,
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摘要:
SUMMARYIn many famine and refugee relief operations, the quantity of food that is available for distribution to the affected population is much less than the estimated requirement. Under these conditions the usual but entirely pragmatic approach is to direct food selectively to malnourished people and particularly to malnourished children until food supplies improve. This paper discusses the problem of rationing under conditions of gross shortage with reference to current models of energy requirement. An alternative approach based on anthropometric nutritional status is proposed. This tends to confirm current practice.
ISSN:0959-5341
DOI:10.2307/2982994
出版商:Wiley
年代:2018
数据来源: WILEY
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6. |
Some Experiments with Methods of Adjusting Unbalanced Data Matrices |
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Journal of the Statistical Society of London,
Volume 151,
Issue 3,
2018,
Page 473-490
G. Günlük‐Şenesen,
J. M. Bates,
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摘要:
SUMMARYSome existing methods of adjusting elements of a matrix to sum to specific totals are discussed and some modifications are then made. These methods are then used on data subjected to different levels of aggregation, not only as a test of the likely efficacy of the methods and the impact of different levels of aggregation, but also to gain insight into the interactions between the methods and the degree of homogeneity of the sectors.
ISSN:0959-5341
DOI:10.2307/2982995
出版商:Wiley
年代:2018
数据来源: WILEY
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7. |
A Modified Logistic Model Applied to Human Populations |
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Journal of the Statistical Society of London,
Volume 151,
Issue 3,
2018,
Page 491-498
Nigel Meade,
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摘要:
SUMMARYThe use of the logistic curve for forecasting human populations considered by Leach is re‐examined. A modification of the use of the logistic curve is suggested, which changes the emphasis from fitting a logistic trend to providing a forecast logistic trend The assumption, used by Leach, that the variance of the additive disturbance term is constant is replaced by a more realistic supposition that the variance of the proportional disturbance is constant. The forecasting performance of the modified logistic model is shown to be superior to that of the model used by Leach.
ISSN:0959-5341
DOI:10.2307/2982996
出版商:Wiley
年代:2018
数据来源: WILEY
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8. |
The Use of Sigmoids in Modelling and Forecasting Human Populations |
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Journal of the Statistical Society of London,
Volume 151,
Issue 3,
2018,
Page 499-513
R. Raeside,
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摘要:
SUMMARYThe use of sigmoid trend models, particularly the logistic model, was once popular among demographers. However, by 1940 the approach had fallen out of favour, being criticized for giving poor results and having no theoretical validity, and it was considered that models of total population were of little practical interest, the main forecasting procedure adopted being the ‘bottom‐up cohort component’ method. In the light of poor forecasting performance from component methods, this paper reassesses the use of simple trend models. It is demonstrated that useful models can be obtained from which a model of the birth rate can be derived. When these models are recast in a recursive parameterization, it is shown that satisfactory forecasts can be obtained.
ISSN:0959-5341
DOI:10.2307/2982997
出版商:Wiley
年代:2018
数据来源: WILEY
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9. |
President's Report: For the Session 1987–88 |
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Journal of the Statistical Society of London,
Volume 151,
Issue 3,
2018,
Page 514-514
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ISSN:0959-5341
DOI:10.1111/j.1467-985X.1988.tb00057.x
出版商:Wiley
年代:2018
数据来源: WILEY
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10. |
Honorary Treasurer's Report: For the Financial Year to 31 December 1987 |
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Journal of the Statistical Society of London,
Volume 151,
Issue 3,
2018,
Page 515-515
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PDF (85KB)
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ISSN:0959-5341
DOI:10.1111/j.1467-985X.1988.tb00058.x
出版商:Wiley
年代:2018
数据来源: WILEY
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