1. |
Editorial: The Effect of Imprisonment on Crime |
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Journal of the Statistical Society of London,
Volume 157,
Issue 2,
2018,
Page 173-176
Roger Tarling,
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ISSN:0959-5341
DOI:10.1111/j.1467-985X.1994.tb00562.x
出版商:Wiley
年代:2018
数据来源: WILEY
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2. |
An Extension of the Induced Exposure Method of Estimating Driver Risk |
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Journal of the Statistical Society of London,
Volume 157,
Issue 2,
2018,
Page 177-190
J. R. Cuthbert,
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摘要:
SUMMARYAn important problem in road safety is to estimate the rate of involvement of drivers in accidents per unit of exposure, or road usage. Typically, good data on numbers of drivers involved are available for the numerator of this ratio, but data on road usage for the denominator are often not available. to circumvent this difficulty, techniques of induced exposure were developed in the 1960s, to derive estimates of rates of driver involvement solely from data on numbers of drivers. None of the existing variants of the induced exposure technique seems entirely satisfactory, however. This paper derives a new version of the induced exposure approach and illustrates its application to accident data for Scotland over the period 1986–90.
ISSN:0959-5341
DOI:10.2307/2983357
出版商:Wiley
年代:2018
数据来源: WILEY
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3. |
Time Series Regression for Counts: An Investigation into the Relationship between Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and Environmental Temperature |
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Journal of the Statistical Society of London,
Volume 157,
Issue 2,
2018,
Page 191-208
M. J. Campbell,
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摘要:
SUMMARYZeger's approach to the regression of count data which are serially ordered in time is discussed and compared with an empirical method. The methods are used to investigate the relationship between sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and environmental temperature in three data sets: for England and Wales 1979–83, England and Wales 1984–86 and New South Wales 1981–85. The results imply a strong negative relationship, in which the deaths due to SIDS increase 2–5 days after the environmental temperature goes down. The data are then explored to see whether there is a threshold in the temperature effect and to examine the consistency of the effect over time.
ISSN:0959-5341
DOI:10.2307/2983358
出版商:Wiley
年代:2018
数据来源: WILEY
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4. |
Statistics and Quality Improvement |
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Journal of the Statistical Society of London,
Volume 157,
Issue 2,
2018,
Page 209-229
George Box,
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摘要:
SUMMARYPeriods of intense practical activity in statistics have traditionally been times for reexamination of old ideas and development of new ones. Familiar examples are the ferment at Rothamsted experimental station in the 1920s and 1930s when, under the leadership of Fisher, the need for improved agriculture field trials resulted not only in the concept of designing experiments but also in the analysis of variance and many other fundamental ideas in statistical inference. Again, during World War II, the need for efficient inspection produced sequential tests. Also the need to screen many variables in small experiments led to the development of fractional designs and other orthogonal arrangements. This catalysis of progress by the practice ⇋ theory iteration runs throughout the history of statistics. The present quality revolution is now providing just such a stimulus for rethinking and re‐evaluating many statistical ideas. Among these, discussed here, are the role of statistics as a catalyst to learning, the dual nature of statistical inference and some issues in experimental design.
ISSN:0959-5341
DOI:10.2307/2983359
出版商:Wiley
年代:2018
数据来源: WILEY
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5. |
Picturing the 1992 British General Election |
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Journal of the Statistical Society of London,
Volume 157,
Issue 2,
2018,
Page 231-252
Graham J. G. Upton,
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摘要:
SUMMARYThe results of the 1992 general election and the changes from the previous general election are illustrated by using a variety of pictorial forms. Particular aspects that are discussed include national and regional variations in support for the parties, variation in turn‐out, the impact of by‐elections and the effects of incumbency and of gender on the fortunes of a candidate.
ISSN:0959-5341
DOI:10.2307/2983360
出版商:Wiley
年代:2018
数据来源: WILEY
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6. |
Out for the Count: A Social Scientist's Analysis of Unemployment Statistics in the UK |
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Journal of the Statistical Society of London,
Volume 157,
Issue 2,
2018,
Page 253-270
Paul Gregg,
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摘要:
SUMMARYThe validity of UK unemployment statistics was the focus of intense debate through the 1980s and again in 1992. This mainly concerned whether they were open to politically motivated manipulation. to some extent this argument has missed a wider point. Frequent changes of coverage and consistency between sources of information which provide measures of unemployment have led to a paucity of data that are suitable for social scientific study with its implied costs to our understanding of unemployment over the last 15 years. It is hoped that an increasing reliance on specifically designed survey techniques, rather than measures based on benefit administration data, will overcome many of these problems for the 1990s. The design of the Labour Force Survey should take on board the questions raised by social scientists. In particular, the shortage of available work should be measured by the broader indicators of social distress as well as the identification of excess labour supply in the labour market.
ISSN:0959-5341
DOI:10.2307/2983361
出版商:Wiley
年代:2018
数据来源: WILEY
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7. |
Selecting Confounders from Covariates |
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Journal of the Statistical Society of London,
Volume 157,
Issue 2,
2018,
Page 271-283
Gillian M. Raab,
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摘要:
SUMMARYMost analyses of observational studies to investigate the relationship between a risk factor and an outcome use some data‐dependent method to select a subset of the available covariates to include as confounders. This paper evaluates methods which can be used to make this selection in linear models. The methods are applied to the selection of covariates in a study of the effect of lead in the blood on children's ability and are evaluated by a simulation study on multivariate normal data. None of the methods can be guaranteed to give satisfactory results in all cases, and all the methods can result in misleading inferences. Recommendations for the design and analysis of observational studies are made in the light of these results.
ISSN:0959-5341
DOI:10.2307/2983362
出版商:Wiley
年代:2018
数据来源: WILEY
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8. |
Armadale: A Case‐Study in Environmental Epidemiology |
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Journal of the Statistical Society of London,
Volume 157,
Issue 2,
2018,
Page 285-298
Andrew B. Lawson,
Fiona L. R. Williams,
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摘要:
SUMMARYA variety of statistical techniques are suggested for the analysis of data where the incidence of respiratory cancer is thought to be related to a putative pollution source. Nonparametric kernel regression techniques and more formal point process models are considered. Parameter estimation based on maximum likelihood is discussed. Extensions to an existing model are proposed, and a new hybrid model is also fitted.
ISSN:0959-5341
DOI:10.2307/2983363
出版商:Wiley
年代:2018
数据来源: WILEY
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9. |
Obituary: Florence Nightingale David |
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Journal of the Statistical Society of London,
Volume 157,
Issue 2,
2018,
Page 299-301
David Barton,
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ISSN:0959-5341
DOI:10.1111/j.1467-985X.1994.tb00570.x
出版商:Wiley
年代:2018
数据来源: WILEY
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10. |
Obituary: Professor Catherine Marsh, 1952–93 |
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Journal of the Statistical Society of London,
Volume 157,
Issue 2,
2018,
Page 301-302
Angela Dale,
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ISSN:0959-5341
DOI:10.1111/j.1467-985X.1994.tb00571.x
出版商:Wiley
年代:2018
数据来源: WILEY
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