摘要:

Despite intensive research, water fluoridation and, where practiced, diet control, remain the most effective methods of preventing caries. In this paper, a number of approaches discussed appear to hold promise that they may enhance the caries preventive effect of fluoride, and others, when developed and applied, may hasten the day when dental caries will cease to be a public health problem.

ISSN:0001-6357    

DOI:10.3109/00016357809004667

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The frequency of a complicating pulp necrosis and the process of the physiologic root resorption were studied in traumatized primary teeth exhibiting partial or total pulp obliteration. The material comprised 88 incisors in 72 children aged 0.7–5.7 years (mean 2.9 years) at the time of injury. Trauma had resulted either in subluxation (25 teeth), or luxation (13 teeth), whereas the type of injury was unknown in 50 teeth. All cases were observed until eruption of the permanent incisors. Forty-four teeth initially displayed a reversible greyish color. The ultimate finding observed in all teeth was, however, varying degrees of yellow discoloration. Periapical pathologic findings indicative of pulp necrosis were observed in 9 teeth, from 1.6–4 years (mean 3 years) after the time of injury. Extraction was performed immediately, and none of the successional teeth showed developmental disturbances. The process of root resorption was classified as normal in all primary teeth. Subsequent eruption of the permanent successors occurred without any registered complications.

ISSN:0001-6357    

DOI:10.3109/00016357809004668

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The present study showed that the plaque inhibiting effect of aqueous solutions of stannous fluoride can be maintained in toothpastes. A commercial toothpaste containing 0.14 per cent of water so luble tin was effective whereas one containing 0.03 per cent showed no effect. The plaque inhibiting effect was shown in one study where the toothpastes were applied in cap splints and the plaque was scored after four days by the Plaque Index of Löe, and in another where the effect of locally applied pastes was monitored 24 hours later by the Gingival margin Plaque Index of Harrap. The present investigation supports the view that the stannous ion is essential in the plaque inhibition caused by stannous fluoride preparation. The excact mechanism is unknown but it is speculated that a change in the surface potential of oral bacteria through interaction with the stannous ion may be important.

ISSN:0001-6357    

DOI:10.3109/00016357809004669

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A system employing an Ingold glass electrode was shown to give reliable measurements of pH drops in dental plaquein situ(Stephan curve readings). The system was used to demonstrate that mouthrinses of 0.2 per cent aqueous solutions of stannous fluoride reduced the pH drops markedly for at least seven hours. A reduction of the stannous fluoride concentration increased the pH drops and decreased the duration of the inhibiting effect. A commercial toothpaste containing stannous fluoride and stannous pyrophosphate had an effect similar to the 0.2 per cent mouthrinse.It was shown that tin accumulated in dental plaque after application of solutions containing stannous fluoride. About 40 per cent of the amount of tin present in the plaque immediately after the mouthrinse was still retained seven hours later.It is suggested that the reduction in acid formation may be caused by stannous ions adsorbing to the bacterial cell wall thus disturbing membrane transport mechanisms, or through inhibition of enzyme systems essential in the fermentation of sugars.The observed effect may be a part of the mechanism involved in the caries preventive function of stannous fluoride.

ISSN:0001-6357    

DOI:10.3109/00016357809004670

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The experiments showed that a part of the fluoride which was taken up by hydroxyapatite or teeth at low concentrations of fluoride at neutral pH was soluble in alkali (IN KOH, 24 h) and was thus not fluoroapatite. Calcium fluoride could not form under the present conditions because the solubility of this compound was not exceeded. It is suggested that the alkali soluble fluoride is adsorbed to calcium ions bound as counterions in the hydration layer of the hydroxyapatite or the enamel. This is consistent with previous findings in this laboratory, showing that fluoride displaced acidic proteins adsorbed to calcium receptors on the hydroxyapatite surface in the same way as other anions displace proteins.It could also be shown that polyanions and polycations adsorbed to hydroxyapatite surfaces by ionic exchange, displacing phosphate or phosphate and calcium respectively in the process. A model is suggested which differs slightly from that proposed by Bernardi.

ISSN:0001-6357    

DOI:10.3109/00016357809004671

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

One of the objectives of organized school dental service is to create ability and willingness among young adults to maintain a preventive oral health care, e.g. regular dental visits. In order to investigate the decisions about and plans for dental care among school dental service leavers a questionnaire was sent to a probability sample of 2S8 young adults who had finished ninth grade eight months earlier. The participation rate of the Youth Dental Program (YDP) was approximately 90%. The drop-outs were made up of at least two rather distinct groups. One of them was dominated by subjects with a high social background and they chose to a great extent care in private practice. The other group was dominated by young men with a low social background. They finished school early and expressed pessimistic expectations to the life-time of their own teeth.

ISSN:0001-6357    

DOI:10.3109/00016357809004672

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Treatment of impacted teeth is often a combination between oral surgery and orthodontics. This study evaluates the gingival condition of impacted teeth after surgical-orthodontic treatment, where two different surgical methods were used. In one group (n = 11) the teeth were radically exposed and orthodontically moved to their final position. In the other group (n = 11) the teeth were partially exposed by raising a mucoperiosteal flap. Orthodontic traction was then applied; where after the flap was sutured back into place.The results showed that one of the teeth in the partial exposure group and seven in the radical exposure group showed loss of attachment. This study indicates that a combination of mucoperiosteal flap technique and applied orthodontic traction is prefered to minimize the loss of attachment in cases of displaced impacted teeth.

ISSN:0001-6357    

DOI:10.3109/00016357809004673

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to determine whether partial substitution of xylitol and soibitol for sucrose could produce changes in plaque formation, gingivitis and oral bacteriology in children. The subjects consisted of 55 volunteer schoolchildren aged 14 to 16, divided into the following groups: 1) Polyol Group (26 children), 2) No-Sweets Group (8), 3) Sucrose Group (21).During the two weeks of the study, the Polyol Group consumed chewing gum and pastilles containing xylitol and sorbitol, mainly after meals. The No-Sweets Group was instructed to consume no sweets during the study. The Sucrose Group chewed gum and ate sweets same as before the study. The variables measured were the visible plaque index (VPI), gingival bleeding index (GBI) and lactobacillus index (Dentocult®). The scores for these indices were determined at the beginning and end of the study. The results for the Polyol and No-Sweets groups were similar; both the xylitol-sorbitol mixture and abstention from sweets reduced the VPI and GBI scores substantially. In the Sucrose Group, the VPI and GBI scores remained practically unchanged. Changes in the Dentocult index were difficult to assess due to high variability, though significant differences were observed between treatment groups, polyol utilization and total abstention from sweets leading to similarly decreased scores. The results may be due to differences between the microbiological and biochemical effects of sucrose and the polyol mixture, which resulted in reductions in plaque, gingival bleeding and lactobacilli.

ISSN:0001-6357    

DOI:10.3109/00016357809004674

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Fifty-two permanent tooth pairs of 37 children aged 8 to 16 years were evaluated for opacities and hypoplasia of the enamel. Formocresol pulpotomy had been performed in one of the primary teeth proceeding each tooth pair. The study comprised teeth with clinically and radiographically successful and unsuccessful pulpotomies. None of primary control teeth had a history of pulp exposure. 57 permanent teeth with caries-free predecessors were included for further control.In the formocresol treated group the prevalence of opacities according to localization was: occlusal surface 25%, buccal surface 37% and palatal surface 14%. In the control group, the corresponding prevalence was 21%, 35% and 14%. The prevalence of hypoplasia was 2%, 8% and 0% respectively, in the formocresol group and 2%, 14% and 4% in the control group. In the 57 permanent teeth opacities were found in 16% of the occlusal and buccal surfaces and in 18% of the palatal surfaces. The prevalence of hypoplasia was 12%, 5% and 0% respectively.No differences in prevalence of enamel defects on permanent teeth could be demonstrated in relation to child age when formocresol pulpotomy was performed.The conclusion of the study was that no relationship between formocresol pulpotomy of primary teeth and enamel defects on their permanent successors could be demonstrated.

ISSN:0001-6357    

DOI:10.3109/00016357809004675

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of a program of regular plaque control carried out by a group of school children, supervised and assisted by dental personnel.Approximately 200 children 5–13 years of age were randomly assigned to two groups. Children in the experimental group performed supervised toothbrushing every second week during the schoolyear, using a disclosing solution. Following this, a disclosing solution was reapptied and the remaining plaque removed by dental personnel. Both groups participated in fortnightly fluoride rinses, regular toothbrushing instruction and various educational activities.Mean dental caries increment at the precavitation level during the 2-year experimental period was 19 per cent lower in the experimental group than in the control group. At the cavitation level the difference was 17 per cent. None of these differences were statistically significant. The conclusion of the present study was that only limited effect of regular removal of dental plaque as performed by school children could be demonstrated.

ISSN:0001-6357    

DOI:10.3109/00016357809004676

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor