摘要:

An epidemiologic sample (n= 285) drawn from the population of Skellefteå, Sweden, was examined to evaluate the prevalence of signs and symptoms of craniomandibular disorders (CMD) at the age of 17 years. The sample was then followed up prospectively at the ages of 18 and 19 years. The year they reached 28 years of age a questionnaire concerning prevalence, incidence, frequency, duration, location, and intensity of symptoms of CMD was sent to the same subjects. Two hundred and thirty-four subjects responded (82%). The number of subjects who participated in all examinations (at the ages of 17, 18, 19, and 28 years) was 215 (107 women and 108 men). During the 10-year period from the late teens onwards, a significant increase in reported symptoms of CMD occurred in both men and women. Forthewhole sample the prevalence increased from approximately 20% to 37%. The incidence of CMD symptoms at the age of 28 years was 6% in both sexes. Although fluctuations of symptoms during the period from the age of 17 to 28 occurred in both sexes, the course of CMD in men and women differed significantly. All women who consistendy reported symptoms at the age of 17-19 years also reported symptoms at the age of 28 years; the corresponding figure for men was 60%. At the age of 17 years 25 women reported CMD; 23 of these reported CMD at the age of 28 years (92%). At the age of 17 years 17 men reported CMD; 5 of these reported CMD at the age of 28 (29%). The result indicates different courses for CMD in men and women.

ISSN:0001-6357    

DOI:10.3109/00016359609003548

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Groundwater may contain high concentrations of fluoride. In most countries, however, information on the fluoride content is scarce and anecdotal. The aim of the present study was to make a comprehensive assessment of F-in the groundwater of a representative area of Norway, thereby establishing a more solid basis for appropriate health counseling. Relevant technical information was collected, together with water samples from 1063 underground water sources in 31 municipalities in the county of Hordaland. One thousand and two water samples were analyzed for F-and pH with an F--selective electrode and a pH electrode, respectively. Mean F-was 0.30 mg/1 (range,1.50 mg/1. F-values showed a positive correlation with the pH of the water and the depth of the wells (P<0.01) and a negative correlation with the age of the well (P<0.05). The results indicated that low-capacity wells deliver water with a higher F-value than high-capacity wells. This trend, however, was not statistically significant. The results show that high-F groundwater is prevalent and emphasize mat information on domestic water supply must be available before supplementary fluoride is prescribed for caries prophylactic purposes.

ISSN:0001-6357    

DOI:10.3109/00016359609003549

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Our aim was to study general dental practitioners' (GDPs') and oral surgeons' judgement of the need for removal of asymptomatic mandibular third molars, described by three cues. The judges were also asked to estimate the development of pathologic conditions. There was considerable variance with regard to the individual judgements. As a group, GDPs estimated the need for removal to be higher for patients less than 40 years than those more than 40 years old. The oral surgeons estimated the need to differ for three different age groups. The GDPs estimated the need to be highest for distoangular molars and lowest for vertical molars, whereas the oral surgeons estimated these positions to be equal. Molars partially covered by soft tissue were given the highest priority for removal by both groups of judges. The mean proportion of variation explained by the three cues was high, except for tumor development, indicating that the judges used the cues and the combination of them to a great extent in their judgement of me risk for development of pathologic conditions.

ISSN:0001-6357    

DOI:10.3109/00016359609003550

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to develop methods to evaluate treatment needs (TNEED) and previous treatment (TDONE) in different populations. In the collaborative study, 'Children's Dental Health in Europe', the methods were used in connection with a clinical examination to document and compare treatment needs in 200 5-year-olds and 200 12-year-olds from each of the 8 participating countries. The study comprised a total of 3200 children from Belgium, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Scotland, Spain, and Sweden. The method for calculating TNEED was validated by estimation of required time to meet the treatment needs (TNTIME). The calculated TNEED shows a clear relationship with the evaluated TNTIME, and the method is applicable to different population subgroups. The results revealed large differences in both TNEED and TDONE among the different countries and between the two age groups.

ISSN:0001-6357    

DOI:10.3109/00016359609003551

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A series of cases of use of lip plugs (ndonya) are reported for members of the Makonde tribe living in southern and eastern Tanzania, and examples of damage caused by this custom to the oral and dental structures are described.

ISSN:0001-6357    

DOI:10.3109/00016359609003552

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The frequency and expression of the Carabelli trait among 36 twin pairs discordant or concordant for cleft lip and/or palate were investigated. Four of 10 monozygotic (MZ) and 24 of 26 dizygotic (DZ) pairs of twins were discordant for clefts. The frequency of the trait on the first upper molars of the noncleft subjects was 79%. It varied from 54% to 61% in the subjects with clefts, and the frequency of the trait decreased with increasing extension of the cleft. The occurrence of the trait was bilateral in more than 90% of the MZ and the DZ subjects. MZ twins had a higher concordance rate for the corresponding molar comparisons and for the cross-twin comparisons than did the DZ twin pairs. The corresponding polychoric correlations for MZ twin pairs were estimated to be 1.0, and for the DZ twin pairs estimates ranged from 0.4 to 0.5. Thus, genetic factors appear to control the Carabelli trait, and the heritability seems to be high even in our cleft lip and/or palate twins.

ISSN:0001-6357    

DOI:10.3109/00016359609003553

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The aim of the study was to investigate some aspects of the oral health of male Saudi military inductees with special reference to soft-drink consumption, dental erosion, caries and fluorosis prevalences; a second aim of the study was to develop a system for assessing dental erosion. The material comprised a random selection of 95 individuals with a mean age of 20.9 years (range, 19-25 years). A questionnaire survey was made of each individual's dietary and oral hygiene habits and general and oral health, in addition to clinical, study cast, radiographic, and photographic examinations. The results showed that soft-drink consumption in the sample (x= 247 1/year) far exceeded that found in Western populations and that professional and self-administered dental care were generally scant. Twenty-eight per cent of the maxillary anterior teeth showed pronounced dental erosion. Fluorosis was a common finding, and the number of untreated carious cavities was high. DMFT (x= 10.0; DT = 7.7; MT = 0.5; FT = 1.8) and DMFS (x= 18.3; DS = 12.6; MS = 2.5; FS = 3.2) were higher than those of comparable Western populations and showed an approximately threefold increase over a period of about 18 years as compared with that previously reported in a similar Saudi sample. In view of the high frequencies of dental erosion, untreated carious cavities, and fluorosis reported here and the strong indication of an increasing caries prevalence, the need for serious recognition of the implications in the planning of future dental health care programs is stressed.

ISSN:0001-6357    

DOI:10.3109/00016359609003554

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Age-related differences in the height of the mandibular basal bone were compared between young and old dentate subjects and between dentate and old edentulous subjects by means of panoramic radiographs. The distances of the mental foramen and mandibular canal from the lower border of the mandible, when measured, showed the mandibular basal bones in old dentate and in old edentulous men to be higher than those of young dentate men in the molar region (P<0.05). The height of the basal bone below the mental foramen was smaller in old edentulous women than in young and old dentate women (P<0.05). A slight bone deposition along the lower border of the mandible in the molar region seems to take place with increasing age. The mental foramina of edentulous women move toward the lower border of the mandible as a result of alveolar bone resorption.

ISSN:0001-6357    

DOI:10.3109/00016359609003555

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Our aims were to study the prevalence of abnormal radiographic findings in mandibular condyles and the possible association between such findings and clinical signs and symptoms of temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) and dental state. Two cohorts of 70-year-old people, 384 men and 481- women, living in Göteborg, Sweden, participated in the study. The first cohort was examined in 1972 and the other one in 1992. Besides a functional and clinical examination, a questionnaire on TMD and panoramic radiography were included. A deviation from the normal appearance of one or both condyles was found in 26% of the subjects (17% of the condyles). There was no significant difference in this respect between the two cohorts. There were in general only minor and no statistically significant differences between those with normal and deviating condylar findings with regard to various TMD signs and symptoms. The subjects in Eichner group A (with dental support in all zones) showed a slightly lower frequency of abnormal radiographic condylar findings (22%) than those in groups B (reduced dental support) and C (edentulous in one or both jaws; both B and C, 28%). It is concluded that abnormal radiographic condylar findings in these elderly people were not at all or only weakly correlated with signs and symptoms of TMD and dental status.

ISSN:0001-6357    

DOI:10.3109/00016359609003556

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This study evaluates the effects of two oral hygiene products containing nonimmunoglobulin antimicrobial agents on whole saliva and on subjective oral symptoms in patients with xerostomia. Twenty patients used a lactoperoxidase-system-containing toothpaste (Biotene®) combined with the use of a mouthrinse (Biotene®), comprising also lysozyme and lactoferrin, for 4 weeks. Saliva samples were collected at base line, after 4 weeks' use of the products, and at the end of a 4-week washout period. Samples were analyzed for selected biochemical and microbiologic factors. The effects on subjective oral symptoms were also recorded. A 4-week daily use of toothpaste and mouthrinse relieved the symptoms of oral dryness in 16 patients. The levels of salivary hypothiocyanite, lysozyme, lactoferrin, or myeloperoxidase activity did not change, but there was a significant decrease in salivary pH (P<0.05), total peroxidase activity (P<0.05), and total protein content (P= 0.01). In patients with the lowest salivary flow rates (n= 5) a significant (P⩽0.04) increase was detected in salivary hypothiocyanite concentrations. No major changes occurred in salivary microflora. The products relieved subjective oral symptoms in most xerostomic patients, but this was not necessarily related to the presence of antimicrobial agents.

ISSN:0001-6357    

DOI:10.3109/00016359609003557

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor