摘要:

Chronologic age is an utmost important birth record in many industrialized Western countries. When the date of birth is unknown, there is a demand for establishing the chronologic age. Dental methods for age estimations are considered more reliable than most other methods by the majority of researchers and are among the most commonly used means to determine age. Traditionally, these methods have most often been based on subjectively estimated, radiographic stages of tooth development. In the present study metric measurements of the length of the forming root have been used and are compared with one standard method. The formed part of the root of the lower third molar as seen in a panoramic radiograph was digitized. Data were directly stored in a computer for subsequent statistical analysis. The technique of collecting data with the aid of a computer had some statistical advantages. The precision of age estimations was, however, slightly inferior to the standard method.

ISSN:0001-6357    

DOI:10.3109/00016359509005974

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Fourteen pairs of extracted contralateral premolars with small, artificial, standardized, approximal 'caries lesions' were placed in 14 plaster jaws. Fourteen dentists made a mesial tunnel preparation and a distal composite resin preparation on one tooth and vice versa on the contralateral tooth. Less tooth substance was removed in the tunnel preparations than in the class-II preparations, but this difference was not statistically significant when the resin class-II preparations were made without occlusal retention. Twenty-five per cent of the tunnel preparations had residual 'caries', as opposed to 7% in the class-II composite preparations. Tunnel preparations with larger occlusal openings had less residual 'caries'. The morphology of the class-II resin preparations varied considerably, indicating a lack of précise descriptions in the dental literature.

ISSN:0001-6357    

DOI:10.3109/00016359509005975

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The aim was to study the short- and long-term fluoride release from resin-modified glass ionomer cements (GIC). The aim was also to determine the effect of fluoride treatment of 9-month-old specimens, consistency of the mix, and pH of the environment on the fluoride release. GIC test specimens were continually exposed to running water, and the fluoride release was measured periodically by storing the specimens in 5 ml deionized water for 1 week and measuring the fluoride content of the solution. After 24 h, 1 month, 9 months, and 11 months in running water four of the six resin-modified GICs released as much as or more fluoride than the auto-curing GIC tested for comparison. Fluoride treatment after 9 months also increased the fluoride release of these four brands, as was the case with the conventional GIC. At 24 h and 1 month two of the resin-modified GICs released smaller amounts of fluoride than the other materials, and the fluoride treatment used on those had no or only a minimal effect. Thin consistency of a mix resulted in higher fluoride release for one resin-modified material than a thick mix. Low pH increased the fluoride release for all materials.

ISSN:0001-6357    

DOI:10.3109/00016359509005976

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The indigenous oral flora of 27 volunteers was monitored longitudinally over a 4-week period. Bacteria attached on buccal epithelial cells were counted by microscopy. Salivary bacterial colonies and the presence of alpha-hemolysis were examined after aerobic culturing on blood agar plates. The buccal and salivary bacterial counts were stably maintained in most subjects in the two repeated base-line samplings taken at 1-week intervals. Rinsing with a chlorhexidine mouthwash 45 min before sampling dramatically reduced the amount of epithelial cell-adherent bacteria. One day after the chlorhexidine rinse, however, the numbers of the epithelial cell-adherent bacteria exceeded the base-line level, and a similar decrease-increase pattern of changes was detected for the salivary alpha-hemolytic streptococcal counts. The non-hemolytic salivary bacterial counts were not affected by chlorhexidine. Subsequent weekly samplings showed no difference from the base-line samplings. The chlorhexidine-induced, delayed increase of viridans streptococci on oral epithelial surfaces should be considered a possible risk factor in medically compromised patients.

ISSN:0001-6357    

DOI:10.3109/00016359509005977

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A questionnaire was sent to all climes in the Public Dental Health Service inÖrebro County in 1989 and 1993. The survey comprised questions about X-ray film and developing technique. The questionnaire of 1993 was accompanied by questions on the type of dental X-ray film and collimator each dentist used, altogether 175 dentists. The results showed that Kodak Ektaspeed dental X-ray film was used by 53% of the dentists in 1993. The mean number of months to the expiry date for all film packages irrespective of film type increased from a mean of 7.5 months to a mean of 13 months from 1989 to 1993. Only 11% of the Ektaspeed film packages in 1989 had a base plus fog≥0.25, whereas the figure in 1993 was 30%. Rectangular collimation adjusted to the size-2 film (31 mm×41 mm) was used by 36% of the dentists in 1993. In 1993, 88% of the clinics used automatic processing, and in 85% of the clinics both automatic and manual processing was used. The processing time and temperature varied greatly for both automatic and manual processing. The results indicate that film and developing procedures in Swedish general dental practice are not always in accordance with the recommendations and guidelines of the Swedish National Radiation Protection Institute (SSI) and that attempts should be made to improve dentists' behavior with regard to radiation safety. A major dose reduction would be achievable without jeopardizing diagnosis if the regulations of the SSI were followed by using the fastest available film and optimum developing procedures. A further dose reduction would be possible by adjusting the size of the radiation field to the size of the film.

ISSN:0001-6357    

DOI:10.3109/00016359509005978

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Psychologic aspects of 49 patients with oral lichenoid reactions (OLR) in contact with amalgam fillings were studied and compared with an age- and sex-matched control group. Psychologic factors such as personality, psychologic functioning, and quality of life were determined by using the Karolinska Scales of Personality (KSP), an additional Personality Scale (PS), a Psychological Functioning Scale (PFS), and a Quality of Life Scale (QLS). With regard to personality the OLR patients had significantly higher scores on the muscular tension and suspicion scales and significantly lower scores on the indirect aggression scale. In addition, the OLR patients were significantly more worried about their health and more helpful. With regard to psychologic functioning the OLR patients had significantly more sad thoughts, became dizzy more easily, found it harder to imagine themselves free from anxiety, and had more difficulty in concentrating. The results indicated that OLR patients had a tendency to be depressive. The need for a systemic investigation including odontologie, medical, and psychologic aspects was expressed.

ISSN:0001-6357    

DOI:10.3109/00016359509005979

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The aim of the study was to evaluate the periodontal conditions in patients treated more than 10 years ago for advanced periodontal disease and rehabilitated with cross-arch fixed partial dentures (FPDs). Of 50 randomly selected patients, 34 subjects carrying 43 FPDs agreed to participate in a clinical and radiographic follow-up examination. The FPDs were divided into three groups on the basis of prosthesis design (end abutments, unilateral cantilever, and bilateral cantilevers) and amount of supporting tissues at the time of bridge installation. Seventy per cent of the FPDs were found to be unchanged, whereas the rest had been modified due to various complications leading to extraction of one or more of the abutment teeth. Six FPDs (14%) had been partially replaced by FPDs anchored to osseointegrated dental implants. A total of 21 (8%) of the original 274 abutment teeth had been extracted. Longitudinal changes in the amount of periodontal support were minimal over the average of 15 years of follow-up. FPD design or initial amount of supporting tissues was found not to have significant influence on longitudinal changes in periodontal conditions. It was concluded that combined periodontal and prosthodontic treatment of patients with advanced loss of periodontal support may provide a high rate of long-term successful outcome, provided proper adequate periodontal and prosthetic treatment and maintenance care are given.

ISSN:0001-6357    

DOI:10.3109/00016359509005980

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Palatal biopsy specimens were obtained from patients with denture stomatitis. The fatty acids were extracted from the tissue, then separated, identified, and quantified by a gas-chromatographic technique. The sensitivity of this method enabled analyses of specimens with a wet weight of less than 1 mg. The concentration of the fatty acids C16: 1(n-7) and C24: 1(n-9) differed significantly between samples from hyperplastic and clinically healthy tissue in the denture stomatitis patients. By comparing specimens from denture stomatitis patients and non-denture subjects, the concentration of seven fatty acids, two saturated and five unsaturated, was found to be significantly different. A multivariate data-analytical method distinguished between the fatty acid composition in specimens from denture stomatitis patients and from non-denture subjects.

ISSN:0001-6357    

DOI:10.3109/00016359509005981

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Maximal bite force values and subjective symptoms and clinical signs of craniomandibular disorders (CMD) were recorded for a non-patient sample of 129 young adults, 56 men and 73 women. The signs and symptoms of CMD were classified on the basis of Helkimo's clinical dysfunction index. The two genders reported equally frequently subjective symptoms of CMD, but women had significantly more severe clinical signs of CMD than did men. Mean maximal bite force values for men were 909 N (SD, 177) in the molar region and 382 N (SD, 133) in the incisai region and thus significantly higher than corresponding figures for women, 777 N (SD, 168) in the molar, 325 N (SD, 116) in the incisai region, suggesting that separate evaluation of the genders would be advisable in future studies involving bite force assessments. Neither subjective symptoms nor clinical signs of CMD correlated significantly with maximal bite force values. The bite force values measured were in line with theoretical calculations.

ISSN:0001-6357    

DOI:10.3109/00016359509005982

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The use of permanent magnets in orthodontic treatment has increased significantly over the past years, triggered by the introduction of rare earth magnetic alloys. Concerns about possible side effects have been expressed relating to their use in orthodontic treatment. In previous experimental studies evidence of a reduction in bone formation and epithelial turnover close to rare earth magnets has been presented. The aim of the present study was twofold: to confirm earlier results and to study whether the observed changes are reversible. One hind leg in each of 45 rats was fitted with aluminum rings with Co5Sm magnets, whereas the other hind leg was fitted with sham rings. After 8 weeks 25 rats were killed, and the rings in the remaining rats were removed. The latter group was killed after another 11 weeks. The epithelial and bone reactions were evaluated histomorphometrically. Previous results showing thinner epithelium and retarded rate of bone formation close to Co5Sm magnets were confirmed. These effects were also shown to be largely reversible. It was concluded on the basis of this and the magnitude of the effects that any local side effects from orthodontic rare earth magnets appear negligible when extrapolated to the clinical situation.

ISSN:0001-6357    

DOI:10.3109/00016359509005983

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor