ISSN:0090-8339    

DOI:10.1080/08920757809361784

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers administers the only nationwide regulatory program that controls development activities in U.S. waters and wetlands. This article examines the statutory authorities, jurisdictional limitations, and evolution of the current Corps regulations, which express a strong policy to protect wetlands, estuaries, and tidal waters from unnecessary dredging, filling, or other alteration. The article explains the organization and procedures of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and examines in detail several precedential permit cases which have developed and implemented the Corps “wetlands policy.”; The article also evaluates current and potential policies underlying the regulatory efforts of the Corps of Engineers.

ISSN:0090-8339    

DOI:10.1080/08920757809361785

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A model for determining the optimal location of recovery resources is developed and applied to coastal Massachusetts. An optimal location pattern is one that minimizes the expected damage from unrecovered oil. Such a location was dependent on three factors: (1) The sensitivity of coastal zone resources to unrecovered oil, (2) the probability of one or more spills within a coastal zone, and (3) the rate of recovery in alternative zones given an initial location of recovery resources. Nine hypothetical situations were constructed relating to possible petroleum finds on Georges Bank and onshore developments in Southeastern Massachusetts. The location of recovery packages was determined for each situation. Preliminary analysis would indicate southern Cape Cod and the islands of Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket to be underprotected and priority areas for the location of recovery resources. Woods Hole would be considered a desirable location for such resources in that it affords relatively rapid deployment times to adjacent high‐risk coastal zones. Boston Harbor was selected as the location of the second recovery package and, if three packages were available, Plymouth would be chosen for the third package. On the basis of rough estimates of damage reduction three to seven major recovery packages would appear justifiable. A desirable financial/operational arrangement would include a recovery system financed from federal revenue generated by bonus bids and production royalties with recovery operations contracted to private firms.

ISSN:0090-8339    

DOI:10.1080/08920757809361786

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In defining the scope of state coastal zone management programs permitted under the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 (CZMA), federal‐state conflict has arisen over the exclusion of federal lands from the coastal zone and the extent that state regulatory authority may be exercised over federal actions that have an impact on the coastal zone. To fulfill Congress’ goal of unified federal‐state policies, criteria and standards for public and private use of coastal resources, this article proposes an intergovernmental planning mechanism that incorporates the “consistency”; requirements of the CZMA with federal ownership, use, and regulation of coastal resources. To address environmental and socioeconomic impacts arising from federal ownership, use, and regulation of coastal resources, the proposal suggests the creation of an intergovernmental planning and consistency zone and an interpretation of “consistency”; as an action‐forcing planning requirement.

ISSN:0090-8339    

DOI:10.1080/08920757809361787

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The Bay Conservation and Development Commission (BCDC), has designated a number of shoreline sites around San Francisco Bay for exclusive use of water‐related industry. This is intended both to reduce future needs for Bay fill, and to reserve those waterfront sites needed for long‐term industrial growth. The Commission currently defines water‐related industries as those “requiring”; a shoreline site for water transportation. The Commission is now considering the use of an economic criterion for identifying water dependency. This involves comparisons of the uniquely water‐related benefits and costs to the firm to locate on the shoreline, as opposed to its location at an inland site. By limiting use of deepwater sites to those industries that are significantly water‐dependent under this criterion, long‐term economic efficiency is served, and the need for future Bay fill for industrial growth is reduced. The data and analysis required to implement an economic water‐dependency criterion do not appear to be a barrier to use of such a test in the regulatory process. Whereas water dependency is an important concern to BCDC, other factors, including environmental constraints, must also be weighed when evaluating industrial projects.

ISSN:0090-8339    

DOI:10.1080/08920757809361788

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0090-8339    

DOI:10.1080/08920757809361789

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0090-8339    

DOI:10.1080/08920757809361783

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor