摘要:

The hydraulic flow of a reduced-gravity fluid of non-negative potential vorticity through a sill is considered. It is shown that for any flow with a reversal of current, another, physically realisable, flow exists which is unidirectional and/or resting, and carries more flux than the original flow. Thus only non-negative flows need be considered when examining maximal hydraulic fluxes. Then, for a simple sill (one which slopes downward on the left and upward on the right, looking downstream), it is shown that zero potential vorticity flow, possibly modified by having a region of motionless fluid at its right, carries the maximum flux possible for that sill shape. This makes the calculation of maximal fluxes for a given sill considerably simpler, and examples of parabolic and V-shaped sills are computed.

ISSN:0309-1929    

DOI:10.1080/03091929408203649

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Dispersion of linear quasigeostrophic plane waves in a stratified ocean with bottom topography is discussed. Particular emphasis is given to cases for which zonal gradients in the sea floor height are important. As such, the relative importance of the topographic and planetary β-effects is strongly dependent on wave vector orientation. The magnitude of the topographic slopes considered is chosen such that these two effects (topographic and planetary β) are of comparable importance. In the interest of simplicity, stratification is taken to be independent of depth. The eigenvalue problem which must be solved to find the free modes of oscillation has already been treated in the literature (in fact, Charney and Flierl (1981) have treated the effects of a more realistic stratification). The aim of this note is to more fully expose, primarily by example, several dispersive properties of these free wave modes which have been largely overlooked.

ISSN:0309-1929    

DOI:10.1080/03091929408203650

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Numerical solutions are obtained by implicit multigrid solvers for initial-value problems in the rotating Shallow-Water Equations (SWE) with spatially complex initial conditions. Companion solutions are also obtained with the Shallow-Water Balance Equations (SWBE), both to determine the initial conditions for the SWE and to provide a comparison solution that lies entirely on the slow, advective manifold. We make use of a control parameter (here the Rossby number,R) to regulate the degree of slowness and balance. While there are measurable discrepancies between the evolving SWE and SWBE solutions for allR, there is a distinct, spatially local breakdown both of the slow manifold in the SWE solution and in the closeness of correspondence between the SWE and SWBE solutions. This critical value for breakdown is only slightly smaller than theRvalues at which, first, the SWE evolution becomes singular (i.e., the fluid depth vanishes), or second, a consistent initial condition for the SWBE cannot be defined. This breakdown is most clearly evident in a sudden increase in vertical velocity near the center of a strong, cyclonic vortex; its behavior is primarily associated with an enhanced dissipation rather than an initiation of gravity-wave propagation. The numerical performance of the multigrid solvers is satisfactory even in the difficult circumstances near solution breakdown or singularity.

ISSN:0309-1929    

DOI:10.1080/03091929408203651

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The vortex pair known as a modon is a classical solitary wave in the sense that it decays exponentially with distance from the center of the wave whenever the modon's phase speed of the wave is outside the linear range. In contrast, when −1 <c< 0, the modon “far field” is oscillatory so that the modon is “nonlocal” in the sense that it has nonzero amplitude even at arbitrarily far distances from the vortex maximum. However, Tribbia and Verkley have independently noted that the oscillatory far field may be very weak for some parameter ranges.

ISSN:0309-1929    

DOI:10.1080/03091929408203652

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The exact numerical and approximate analytical solutions of the simplest nonlinear integral equation with second order nonlinearity for the averaged Green function are presented. It is assumed that the turbulence is stationary, homogeneous, isotropic and incompressible. Numerous examples of turbulent spectra are considered (peak-like spectrum, spectra of Kolmogorov's type with different forms of “pumping” regions, stepwise spectra etc.). Special emphasis is given to investigating the case of so called “frozen” turbulence when the parameter ξ =u0τ/R→∞ whereuτ0,R0are characteristic velocity, lifetime and space scale of turbulent pulsations, respectively. It is shown that these solutions allow us to calculate the turbulent diffusivities accurately for arbitrary spectra with any values of the parameter ξ. The results take into account the possible helicity of turbulence concerned only with scalar passive fields (number density and temperature).

ISSN:0309-1929    

DOI:10.1080/03091929408203653

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Numerical simulations of thermal convection in a rapidly rotating spherical fluid shell with and without inhomogeneous temperature anomalies on the top boundary have been carried out using a three-dimensional, time-dependent, spectral-transform code. The spherical shell of Boussinesq fluid has inner and outer radii the same as those of the Earth's liquid outer core. The Taylor number is 107, the Prandtl number is 1, and the Rayleigh numberRis 5Rc(Rcis the critical value ofRfor the onset of convection when the top boundary is isothermal andRis based on the spherically averaged temperature difference across the shell). The shell is heated from below and cooled from above; there is no internal heating. The lower boundary of the shell is isothermal and both boundaries are rigid and impermeable. Three cases are considered. In one, the upper boundary is isothermal while in the others, temperature anomalies with (l,m) = (3,2) and (6,4) are imposed on the top boundary. The spherically averaged temperature difference across the shell is the same in all three cases. The amplitudes of the imposed temperature anomalies are equal to one-half of the spherically averaged temperature difference across the shell. Convective structures are strongly controlled by both rotation and the imposed temperature anomalies suggesting that thermal inhomogeneities imposed by the mantle on the core have a significant influence on the motions inside the core. The imposed temperature anomaly locks the thermal perturbation structure in the outer part of the spherical shell onto the upper boundary and significantly modifies the velocity structure in the same region. However, the radial velocity structure in the outer part of the shell is different from the temperature perturbation structure. The influence of the imposed temperature anomaly decreases with depth in the shell. Thermal structure and velocity structure are similar and convective rolls are more columnar in the inner part of the shell where the effects of rotation are most dominant.

ISSN:0309-1929    

DOI:10.1080/03091929408203654

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0309-1929    

DOI:10.1080/03091929408203655

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

edited by A. O'Neill, NATO ASI series C: vol 321. Kluwer, 1990, VII + 257 pp., US $ 89, £50, Hardback. (ISBN 0-792-30977-4).

ISSN:0309-1929    

DOI:10.1080/03091929408203656

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor