摘要:

Intravascular aggregation in response to ADP, thrombin, arachidonate and collagen has been studied in the rat with a view to throwing more light on the validity, the reproducibility and physiology of the model. The radioisotopic technique of labelling platelets with indium-111 oxine was employed. The model is minimally invasive and involves collecting blood from donor rats, separating and labelling their platelets with indium-111 oxine and assessing the accumulation of platelets in the lungs of recipient rats following the intravascular administration of aggregating agents. Of the parameters evaluated, percentage peak increase in radiolabelled platelet count and area under the curve are good parameters of expressing aggregatory responses. Of the visceral organs evaluated, the lung is the most important organ for assessing platelet accumulation. Of the vascular routes examined, no aggregatory response occurred in the lungs when ADP was injected via any of the intra-arterial routes, and of the intravenous routes, injection via the tail vein gave the highest response. The results of this investigation provide some more detailed technical information to take note of when studying platelet aggregation in vivo by this model. The results also highlight the physiological phenomenon involved.

ISSN:0001-5792    

DOI:10.1159/000205169

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Patients with thalassemia major due to red blood cell autoantibodies may develop an increase in transfusional blood consumption. In this study we report the results of treatment with high intravenous immunoglobulin (Ig) in 4 patients who developed an increase in blood consumption related to the presence of autoantibodies of defined or undefined specificities. Three patients showed a normalization of the blood consumption. No adverse effects were detected. These results indicate that high-dose intravenous Ig therapy is indicated in patients with thalassemia major manifesting an increase in blood consumption following the development of red cell autoantibodies.

ISSN:0001-5792    

DOI:10.1159/000205170

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

To test whether anti-idiotypic immunoregulation of factor VIII(FVIΠ)-inhibiting antibodies could be feasible in hemophiliacs, we assayed the minimal number and range of immunogenic, functional FVIII epitopes to which a series of murine anti-FVIII monoclonal antibodies (MAb) were directed. Rabbit anti-idiotypic sera to 7 MAb were prepared and used in competitive immunoradiometric assays to test Id similarities among 36 murine MAb. At least 12 immunogenic and functional epitopes were found on the FVIII molecule. The large range of target loci for FVIII inhibitors will make their immunoregulation by anti-idiotypic methods difficult

ISSN:0001-5792    

DOI:10.1159/000205171

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In 15 children with thalassemia major (age 4–17 years) a detailed analysis of different immune functions was performed: phagocyte function, specific cellular immunity, humoral defense system. All patients had been subjected to a desferrioxamine therapy and a high transfusion regimen. Examination of neutrophil function included adherence, random migration, chemotaxis, killing of Escherichi coli and production of superoxide radical; these neutrophil functions were shown to be normal. In addition, lymphocyte proliferation in response to different lectins (phytohemagglutinin, concanavalin A, pokeweed mitogen) was identical in patients and controls. However, the number of circulating T-lymphocytes, helper T-cells and B-lymphocytes was increased in some patients. This phenomenon probably reflects an unspecific stimulation of the antibody-producing cells by repeated blood transfusion

ISSN:0001-5792    

DOI:10.1159/000205172

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

96 consecutive acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) patients were analyzed retrospectively with regard to the regimen used for remission induction. 35 patients received daunorubicin for 3 days, cytosine arabinoside and 6-thioguanine for 7 days. 61 were treated with the same regimen but 6-thioguanine was replaced by etoposide. Complete remission was achieved in 57 and 72% of patients, respectively (p = 0.06). In leukemias with monocytic phenotype (M4-M5), the remission rate was significantly higher with the etoposide-containing regimen (p = 0.02). Our findings suggest that the replacement of thioguanine by etoposide could be useful in induction therapy of AML.

ISSN:0001-5792    

DOI:10.1159/000205173

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Five patients, two homosexuals and three drug abusers, with HIV-related severe thrombocytopenia, four of whom had also bleeding episodes, experienced a full remission of thrombocytopenia after 1,200 mg/day zidovudine treatment. None of the patients had acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex. Platelet counts began an upward trend at the end of the 3rd week and reached values higher than 140 × 109/1 towards the end of the 8th week of treatment. Patient’s platelets remained stable after more than 4 months of active treatment. This is the first report of zidovudine-induced long-term remission of HIV-associated severe thrombocytopen

ISSN:0001-5792    

DOI:10.1159/000205174

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A patient with myelodysplastic syndrome (refractory anemia with excess of blasts in transformation, RAEB-T) presented with generalized granulocytic sarcomas involving the skin. The diagnosis was confirmed by skin and bone marrow biopsies. Partial myeloperoxidase deficiency was noted in the circulating polymorphonuclear leukocytes and the more differentiated tumor cells in the granulocytic sarcoma. This observation suggests that such leukocytes may be derived from the abnormal ‘leukemic’ cl

ISSN:0001-5792    

DOI:10.1159/000205175

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0001-5792    

DOI:10.1159/000205176

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Following renal transplantation, a patient developed life-threatening granulocytopenia secondary to a specific combination of drugs which are commonly utilized in this setting. Coincident with the depression of granulocytes, an expansion of natural killer cells was seen, which may have been a consequence of immunosuppressive therapy required for allograft retention. Infection with cytomegalovirus may have contributed to both phenomena.

ISSN:0001-5792    

DOI:10.1159/000205177

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A new type of primary thrombocytopathy is described. Three main alterations were found: (1) a defect of the aggregation reaction with ADP, epinephrine and collagen and a normal response to ristocetin and arachidonic acid; (2) a moderate deficiency of platelet procoagulant activity, and (3) a combined hypertrophy of the two membrane systems of the platelet – the open canalicular and the dense tubular. The latter defect is shown as an abnormal membrane complex situated on one of the platelet poles. This thrombocytopathy is discussed as a new variety of primary platelet disorde

ISSN:0001-5792    

DOI:10.1159/000205178

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger