ISSN:0002-9238    

DOI:10.1080/00029238.1992.11080407

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

ABSTRACT.The paroxysms of excruciating pain in trigeminal neuralgia are most likely due to epileptiform discharges in the trigeminal system. Drugs that prevent these attacks, such as carbamazepine and phenytoin, depress excitatory transmission and facilitate segmental or afferent inhibition in the trigeminal nucleus. Baclofen resembles carbamazepine and phenytoin in its ability to depress segmental excitation and facilitate segmental inhibition in the trigeminal nucleus. Clinical trials have shown that baclofen is also an effective drug for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia. In contrast to carbamazepine and phenytoin, baclofen does not depress the excitatory or inhibitory mechanisms descending from the reticular formation, and clinical trials showed that baclofen is not an antiepileptic drug. These observations imply that the facilitation of segmental inhibition is an important characteristic of drugs effective against trigeminal neuralgia, and that the ability to prevent the propagation of paroxysmal activity via the reticular formation is an essential feature of antiepileptic drugs. These findings also suggest that a failure of segmental inhibition is involved in the pathogenesis of trigeminal neuralgia and that the reticular core plays an important role in the pathogenesis of epileptic seizures.

ISSN:0002-9238    

DOI:10.1080/00029238.1992.11080408

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Older females consistently demonstrate larger PREP amplitudes than males and there is some consensus that CNS dimorphism does not explain the magnitude of this gender difference. Comparison of gender differences for visually evoked responses to patterned and nonpatterned stimuli suggest that females may have enhanced visual system responsivity to increases in spatial frequencies. PREP amplitude may also be influenced by single trial response variability. Potential contributions of this factor to PREP gender differences have not been investigated. This study evaluated the contributions of check size and single trial response variability to gender differences in PREP amplitudes. For 21 males and 21 females aged 61–75 years, no gender differences in visual acuity, critical flicker fusion threshold, or PREP component latency were observed. Females had larger amplitude PREPs than males, and had a larger differential response to small (15') and large (30') check sizes. Single trial response variability did not account for gender differences in averaged PREP amplitudes. These results suggest that gender differences in visual system responsivity may underlie the larger PREP amplitudes which have consistently been reported for females. The pattern of PREP amplitude gender differences across the lifespan suggests a hormonal influence on visual spatial frequency processing.

ISSN:0002-9238    

DOI:10.1080/00029238.1992.11080409

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

ABSTRACT.We investigated late auditory responses and median nerve somatosensory evoked potentials (MSEP) in 43 patients fulfilling the criteria of senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT) or multiinfarct dementia (MID). These data were correlated with the following neuropsychologic tests: Tübingen Luria Christensen Test (TüLUC), Mini-Mental State, Global Disability Score, and Hamilton Depression Scale.Late auditory responses correlated with the degree of dementia. In general, prolonged latencies of the first component of late auditory responses were correlated with a lower total score on the TüLUC in Alzheimer's disease, and the P300 also correlated with decreased scores on the TüLUC. This pattern was not seen in patients with MID. MSEP results suggested a subcortical disturbance in MID. These changes in Alzheimer's disease imply intracortical disturbances. Subcortical abnormalities suggest additional pathology, possibly induced by vascular disturbances, to be proven by neuroimaging techniques.

ISSN:0002-9238    

DOI:10.1080/00029238.1992.11080410

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

ABSTRACT.A critical evaluation of shielded headphones to be used for stimulation in order to elicit the frequency-following response (FFR) revealed a tradeoff between stimulus distortion and stimulus-induced artifact. Hence an audio delay line was developed, which avoids stimulus artifact and minimizes stimulus distortions for moderate to high intensity stimuli with frequencies between 100 and 1,000 Hz. Caution is advocated if headphone stimulation is used for FFR recording.

ISSN:0002-9238    

DOI:10.1080/00029238.1992.11080411

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0002-9238    

DOI:10.1080/00029238.1992.11080412

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0002-9238    

DOI:10.1080/00029238.1992.11080413

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0002-9238    

DOI:10.1080/00029238.1992.11080414

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0002-9238    

DOI:10.1080/00029238.1992.11080415

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0002-9238    

DOI:10.1080/00029238.1992.11080416

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor