摘要:

ABSTRACT.The history of paroxysmal EEG patterns that are not closely associated with frank seizures has at times included a series of studies showing significant electro-clinical correlations to be followed by one single study with negative conclusions (2–7,10,11,14,16,19,21). ince there is a tendency for some in the medical community to equate extreme caution, even to the point of iconoclasm, with high Standards, many in EEG have then embraced that single negative study to join the ranks of the skeptics or the extremely cautious. This is the safe position which may be popular since itseemsto be the one which associates itself with high Standards. Also, in any controversy we find it far easier to be against something than to be for it, not wanting to risk our professional reputations by appearing as nondiscriminating. The“other”side may then be viewed as naive with low Standards. The major problem with this dichotomous development of affairs is that it tends to inhibit any further research into these interesting phenomena. If these studies with negative conclusions are to be completely accepted, the field of EEG is then left with the position that there isabsolutely nothingto small sharp spikes (SSS), wicket temporal spikes, positive spikes, 6/sec spike and waves, and rhythmic mid-temporal discharges, all of which are then considered as normal as alpha in wake and spindles in sleep. But what if there really is“something”to these latter patterns and they are not perfectly normal waveforms?The effect of the one negative study in inhibiting further research cannot be the fault of those publising that study, but the responsibility of the rest of the community who may easily adopt the extreme position that the case for that given pattern is closed forever. As another way to state the problem, the position that a phenomenon is either definitely abnormal or perfectly normal may be popular and appealing, partly because of its simplicity. However, the real world has taught us that the difference between normal and abnormal is usually not a matter of all or none, but how much. Thus, the normal findings of 1–2 white blood cells in a lumbar puncture, a few sporadic sharp waves in the premature, an occasional déjàvu or a rare paranoid feeling in any of us or an infrequent PVC on an EKG remind us that normality is not simply the presence or absence of a given phenomenon and abnormality is nearly always a matter of how much. It is within this context that the story of the SSS may be reopened.

ISSN:0002-9238    

DOI:10.1080/00029238.1985.11080169

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Intraoperative monitoring differs from determination of SEP in the laboratory in technique, interpretation and expectations of the technician. In this article, the operating room environment, OR monitoring techniques and interpretation of intraoperative SEP changes will be discussed. Representative cases will be presented which emphasize the importance of rapid and accurate diagnosis. These cases will demonstrate examples of injury to peripheral nerve, brachial plexus, spinal cord, brainstem and cerebral hemisphere which were demonstrated by SEP monitoring.

ISSN:0002-9238    

DOI:10.1080/00029238.1985.11080170

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

ABSTRACT.The introduction of electrode placement caps as a rapid means of electrode application has prompted an evaluation of their position placement accuracy and technical reliability for electroencephalography (1). Such caps appear to provide quick, highly consistent electrode placement, ready adaptation for unconventional electrode sites (e.g.“Oz”) and reliable recordings for EEG activity. However, it is not clear how the tin electrodes employed in these devices might affect event-related potential (ERP) recordings. Since metals differ in their capability to transmit electrical signals (2) and because a long time-constant is optimal for recording of several ERP components (3) a comparison of ERPs recorded with the often used nonpolarizable silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) electrodes and the tin electrodes was made.

ISSN:0002-9238    

DOI:10.1080/00029238.1985.11080171

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

ABSTRACT.An 18-year-old woman is presented who had periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges (PLEDS) on her EEG following a partial complex seizure. The case demonstrates that PLEDs may be a benign postictal finding of no major significance.

ISSN:0002-9238    

DOI:10.1080/00029238.1985.11080172

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Infants and very young children often challenge the most patient technologist working in an outpatient laboratory. The most difficult children are those from six months to three years of age. There is often a tendency to sedate these children instead of trying to obtain an unmedicated tracing. We maintain that it is possible to obtain excellent EEGs on almost all of these young children without using sedation. The purpose of this paper is to share some simple suggestions that have proven very helpful to us. The only material that is necessary, in addition to that routinely found in the laboratory, is a roll of 4”wide nonstretch gauze bandage cut in 36”long strips.

ISSN:0002-9238    

DOI:10.1080/00029238.1985.11080173

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0002-9238    

DOI:10.1080/00029238.1985.11080174

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0002-9238    

DOI:10.1080/00029238.1985.11080175

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0002-9238    

DOI:10.1080/00029238.1985.11080176

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor