摘要:

AbstractA computer model was developed to calculate the heat release rate of aircraft cabin panels in the OSU calorimeter based on their thermophysical, thermochemical and geometrical properties. It calculates the temperature profile through the panel as a function of time and uses the measured kinetic constants of the individual materials to deduce the mass loss rate. The mass loss rate is multiplied by the heat of combustion of the volatiles to obtain the heat release rate which would be measured in the Cone calorimeter. This heat release rate is used in an energy balance at the surface of the specimen to calculate the rise in enthalpy of the flue gases in the OSU calorimeter and thus the specimen's heat release rate in that apparatus. The calculated heat release rates are in reasonable agreement with measurements in the Cone and OSU calorimeters.

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810190202

出版商:John Wiley&Sons Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA series of experiments involving the combustion of inherently fire‐retarded compounds has been performed using the DIN 53 436 furnace. Six chlorinated compounds comprising four pesticides, an organic solvent, and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) have been investigated with the focus on the combustion efficiency expressed as the CO2/CO ratio in the fire effluent. It was found that increased chloride content in a compound resulted in decreased CO2/CO ratio. The correlation was found to be\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \sqrt {{\rm CO}_{\rm 2} /{\rm CO}} = 0.61 \times ({\rm Cl/C)}^{- {\rm 1}} + 0.13 $\end{document}. The results indicate higher concentrations of CO in the fire effluent from chlorinated compounds than from wood. Together with a release of HCI this could result in an increased toxic potency. The overall toxic hazard may or may not be increased, since (inherently) fire‐retarded materials tend to have an improved fire performa

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810190203

出版商:John Wiley&Sons Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810190204

出版商:John Wiley&Sons Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRecent advances in passenger rail transportation, fire test methods, and hazard analysis necessitate re‐examination of requirements for fire safety. Several studies have indicated nearly random ability of current bench‐scale tests to predicts actual fire behavior. Fire safety in any application, including transportation, requires a multi‐faceted approach. The effects of vehicle design, material selection, detection and suppression systems, and emergency egress and their interaction, on the overall fire safety of the passenger trains must all be considered. The strengths and weakness of current methods for measuring the fire performance of rail transportation systems are evaluated. A systems approach to fire safety which address typical passenger train fire scenatios is analyzed. A rationale is presented for the direction in which most fire science‐oriented organizations in the world are clearly headed – the use of fire hazard and fire risk assessment methods supported by measurement methods based on heat rel

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810190205

出版商:John Wiley&Sons Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn this study, a protocol was developed to increae accuracy, generality and efficiency when determining piloted ignition properties. A new procedure for calibrating the radiative and convective heat flux protiels on exposed speciments, such as Douglas‐fir plywood, has been implemented for the lateral ignition and flame spread test (LIFT) apparatus. The boundary conditions needed for heat transfer anylysis are made unambiguous by including a simple, direct measure f surface emissivity. A new aluminum foil shutter improves accuracy for measuring ignition time. A recently developed theroy of ignitanility provides a formula to account for the transition form thick to thin thermal behaior, allowing specimens of finite thicknesses and a fuln range of test irradiance

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810190206

出版商:John Wiley&Sons Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810190207

出版商:John Wiley&Sons Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810190208

出版商:John Wiley&Sons Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810190209

出版商:John Wiley&Sons Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810190201

出版商:John Wiley&Sons Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY