摘要:

AbstractThe use ofDrosophila melanogasterfiles for testing of combustion toxicity is proposed with results from testing the effects of polyurethane combustion products.

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810090402

出版商:John Wiley&Sons Limited    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe Center for Fire Research Fire (Toxic) Hazard‐Assessment computer model was used to evaluate the potential for hazard reduction by the modification of the combustion properties of upholstered furniture items in a residential occupancy. The potential benefits of these modifications are compared with the effects of variations in room size and construction to determine if they would be realized across a range of housing sizes and types. The results demonstrate the greatest benefit by the reduction of the mass loss (burning) rate of the item regardless of room size and even if the means used to reduce the burning rate results in an increase in smoke production and material toxicity. These results are intended as an indicator of potentially beneficial directions for further research and should not be taken as conclusive evidence of fact without experimental verificatio

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810090403

出版商:John Wiley&Sons Limited    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSmoke and toxic gases (STG) are the main cause of fire deaths. They combine to make escape difficult and to retard rescue work and fire‐fighting. The paper reviews advances in the characterization of the STG hazard, and discusses improved materials of construction to meet the new, more stringent safety criteria used by responsible architects and design engineers. Because of the wide choice of safer materials now available at reasonable cost in a number of product areas such as furniture foams and cable insulation, the time is approaching when such materials can be introduced without harming the economics of these industries. Indeed, a convincing demonstration of intrinsic safety could without harming the economics of these industries. Indeed, a convincing demonstration of intrinsic safety could encourage the introduction of improved plastics and other organic materials into a wide range of market application

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810090404

出版商:John Wiley&Sons Limited    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn intumescnt material has been developed, based on alkali silicates, which can be used in fire protection in the form of sheets or boards which can be joined to various materials, ranging from wood and wood products to metal. The swelling of the material on heating to over 100°C or on contact with a flame is due to and endothermic process and is associated with the emission of water vapour. The solid foam formed is rigid and consists of hydrated silica. The phenomena observed during the preparation of the boards and their behaviour on heating can be explained in terms of silicate chemistry

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810090405

出版商:John Wiley&Sons Limited    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThree test methods for measuring the rate of heat release, RHR, have been compared on the same building materials. The test methods are the OSU‐box modified for O2‐consumption, the STFI open arrangement and the NBS cone calorimeter. All methods are based on the oxygen‐consumption technique. Radiation intensities up to 50 k Wm−2have been applied. Thirteen different materials were tested. The results obtained using the three methods seem to be quite similar in spite of the different equipment used. The minor deviations observed in the results seem to be systematic and may be due to the different testing arrangements. There is a good correlation between results, e.g. total heat release up to 1min after ignition, obtained by the different methods. Additional information about the time to ignition is obtained simultaneously. Heat‐release rates in the vertical and horizontal orientations are also compared in the NBS cone ca

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810090406

出版商:John Wiley&Sons Limited    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA technique for estimating fire‐buildup in rooms with combustible interior finish is discussed. Use of the technique resulted in good agreement between fires conducted in one‐quarter‐scale rooms with a doorway opening and those performed in full‐scale rooms. The effects of burner location and heating rate on flashover in a well‐insulated room were also studied to help select a suitable ignition source size and placement for testing of interior‐finis

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810090407

出版商:John Wiley&Sons Limited    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe International Conference Interflam'85 was held at the University of Surrey, Guildford, UK, on 26–8 March 1985. This third conference in the Interflam series was set up with the specific aim to bring together the 1985 state of the art of fire science and to show particularly how this information can be put to practical use in the saving of lives. Over 45 speakers, each specialists in their own field of work, some 15 different countries contributed papers. Dr Peter Allender, formerly of Metro‐Cammell and now with John Allen Associates, has seen the Conference both from the lecturing platform and from the audience. He has been invited to give his views about Interflam

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810090408

出版商:John Wiley&Sons Limited    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810090409

出版商:John Wiley&Sons Limited    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810090410

出版商:John Wiley&Sons Limited    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810090411

出版商:John Wiley&Sons Limited    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY