摘要:

AbstractThe thermal decomposition of a number of TDI‐ and MDI‐based biscarbamates (model compounds for polyurethane foams) between 200°C and 1000°C showed that the urethane linkage undergoes anO‐acyl fission at about 300°C to generate the free isocyanate and alcohol. In the case of the flexible foam analogues, the newly generated TDI reacts further to generate volatile polyureas, termed ‘yellow smoke’. The MDI residues generated in the decomposition of a rigid foams react to yield non‐volatile polycarbodiimides. Both the yellow smokes and the polycarbodiimides decompose above 600°C to give a mixture of nitriles (including HCN) as well as a number of olefinic and aromatic compounds. The use of13C labeling indicated that HCN and all the other nitriles generated during the high temperature decompositions originate in the thermal fission of the aromatic ring, the nitrile carbon being the 2‐, 4‐

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810050402

出版商:Heyden&Son Ltd.    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractResults of a study of time‐dependent deformation of concrete over a period of five hours at room and elevated temperatures (22 to 649°C) are described. The influences of load, temperature and material variables are examined and data compared with several mathematical models commonly used to describe concrete creep behavior. Information obtained from this study will help in evaluation of the design of concrete structures to withstand fire and other high temperature environmen

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810050403

出版商:Heyden&Son Ltd.    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractGas chromatography using a column with a molecular sieve was applied to the determination of carbon monoxide in thermal degradation of polymeric materials. Attention was paid to the variance of individual determinations and conclusions were drawn regarding reproducibility of the processes studies. The carbon monoxide content in pyrolysis and thermooxidation products of the commonest polymeric materials and the effect of temperature on the amount of carbon monoxide formed were determined.

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810050404

出版商:Heyden&Son Ltd.    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIgnitability, one of the new fire test methods for building materials developing within the International Standards Organization is compared with the national fire test methods in Austria, Britain, France, Germany and Scandinavia. Different commercial wood‐based panels have been tested, including fire retardant treated panels. The International Standards Organization ignitability test measures the time to ignition at radiation intensities from 1 to 5 Wm−2; it seems to be able to distinguish between different materials in an intelligible way. An evaluation of the results of this ignitability test is discussed. One possibility which is proposed here is to calculate the mean time to ignition at different fixed radiation intensities; such a mean value simplifies the evaluation and takes into account all the test data. Agreement with the national fire test methods is rather low, since they partly measure other fire parameters; agreement with the Austrian Schlyter method, which also evaluated ignitability, is somewhat better and agreement between the national fire test methods is relatively good for wood‐based panels. This is consistent with earlier experience, which has shown that mainly new types of materials behave differently according to different national test me

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810050405

出版商:Heyden&Son Ltd.    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe results of applying the tentative, high temperature, International Standards Organization test methods DP 5925 Part 3, which was developed to measure smoke leakage of door assemblies during the course of a standard fire endurance test, are reported. A critical analysis reveals that the basic objective of the test method is limited in its utility in that fire scenarios in high‐rise buildings may not be adequately simulated. Independent of this limitation, the analysis then identifies certain theoretical problems with the test method and its procedures. These lead to a conclusion that the test method is not generally reliable. An alternative test concept which appears to remove this limitation and all of its problems is described, and its development is advocate

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810050406

出版商:Heyden&Son Ltd.    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810050407

出版商:Heyden&Son Ltd.    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810050408

出版商:Heyden&Son Ltd.    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810050409

出版商:Heyden&Son Ltd.    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810050410

出版商:Heyden&Son Ltd.    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810050411

出版商:Heyden&Son Ltd.    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY