摘要:

AbstractAn investigation has been carried out of the limiting oxygen index (LOI) test. A review of the literature shows that, although there is abundant information on the test, it is not clear that its results correlate well with those of any other test, or indeed with those of real fires. Theoretical considerations indicate that the test could be improved by using it with bottom ignition rather than with the standard top ignition. A number of materials were tested in the cone calorimeter and in the LOI, and various correlations were attempted. In general, correlations between some of the cone calorimeter properties measured and the inverse of the LOI made sense. These correlations were not, however, sufficiently sensitive, even when investigating small effects on a single base polymer system, to justify using the LOI as a proxy for the cone in any way. The LOI is likely to continue to be used extensively. This work suggests that quality control and, possibly, mechanistic or other flame‐retardant additive studies, are its only applications where the results can be justifie

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810160402

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn experimental facility based on the Quasi‐stationary Flame Front Technique for determination of steady flame spread rate of materials at discrete levels of external radiant heat flux was developed. The method employs an external radiant heat source in front of which an element of a specimen of the material is positioned at a location corresponding to the desired level of external radiant heat flux. A specimen movement assembly, which can be operated manually, was designed for moving the specimen towards the stationary external radiant heat source such that the flame front could be maintained quasi‐stationary. The experimental technique employed is simple in operation yet is capable of yielding reliable flame fornt displacement–time data. In the paper the design considerations of the experimental facility, details of its components, calibration and typical experimental results obtained are pres

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810160403

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe authors have conducted a laboratory‐scale gallery fire test on eight different samples of electric cable in a horizontal airflow. The number of speciments and the distances between them on the trestle were varied for each test. As a result, it was found that both ignitability and flame‐propagation properties depended on the distance between the specimens as well as on their number. Such flammability properties obtained for each cable sample were also found to be considerably consistent with the critical oxygen index. In addition, it is proposed that the flammability should be classified largely into five categories in this laboratory‐scale gallery fire test for fire‐retardance evaluation of solid combustible materials such as electric

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810160404

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWood fiberboard‐based, cellulose ceiling tiles have been used for many years. While various fire‐retardant technologies have been developed to reduce the surface flammability of these products to acceptable levels, questions of their suitability for use due to their intrinsic fuel value and the impact of attachment methods used on fire performance have been raised from time to time. This paper reviews the history of these products from a fire‐performance perspective and presents materials property data on surface flamespread, thermal conductivity and ignition phenomena. In addition, large‐scale room fire test results are presented including compartment tests conducted on a variety of assemblies (including those installed with mastic construction adhesives) according to ASTM E 603—Standard Guide for Room Fire Ex

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810160405

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBurning rate is a key factor in modeling fire growth and fire endurance of wood structures. This study investigated the burning rate of selected wood materials as determined by heat release, mass, loss and charring rates. Thick samples of redwood, southern pine, red oak and basswood were tested in a heat release rate calorimeter. Results on ignitability and average heat release, mass loss and charring rates are reported for a heat flux range between 15 and 55 kw m−2. In this range, burning rate increased linearly with heat flux. Burning rate was very species dependent. Heat release rate was related to mass loss by effective heat of combustion, which also increased with heat flux. Charring rate was related to mass loss rate and original wood density. Important char property data such as yield, density and contraction are reported. A simplified calculation method is proposed for calculating mass loss rate and charring rate based on heat release rat

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810160406

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810160407

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0308-0501    

DOI:10.1002/fam.810160401

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY