摘要:

The results of the steady state carbon monoxide test can be expressed quantitatively as the amount of CO absorbed by the lung per minute and per 1 mm Hg pressure difference (Tco; ml/min/mmHg) or as the ratios between partial pressures of CO (Fico, FECO, FACO), fractional uptake coefficient FUco = FICO – FECO/FICO; partial fractional uptake A, FUACO = F+CO-FECO/ FICO-FACO; and partial fractional uptake a, FUaCO = FICo - FACO/FICO From measurements taken in 141 non-smokers (mean age 47.43 ± 6.4 years), 60 ex smokers (mean age 45.73 ± 5.29 years) and 322 smokers (mean age 46.65 ± 5.5 years), TCO and fractional uptakes were calculated and discussed. Considering the fact hat mean TCO had a larger standard deviation than mean FUCO and that TCO had a non-Gaussian distribution, the authors chose to express the results of the test in fractional uptakes. Equations are proposed to calculate fractional upt

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000194194

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000195036

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000195037

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Light- and electron-microscopic studies were carried out on chronic bronchitis in the rat, produced by high-dosage long-term exposure to sulfur dioxide. Particular attention was given to the advanced stages of the disease. Inflammatory intramural infiltration and fibrosis developed in the regions of the bronchial tree near the hilus and in the peripheral sections. The highly differentiated cells of the bronchial epithelium perish at the same time. After a loss of the goblet and ciliate cells, extensive epithelial metaplasias with dysplasias develop in the central regions of the bronchus. Bronchiolitis obliterans develops in the peripheral regions of the bronchus. In the bronchiolar epithelium, the Clara cells, which play a crucial role in the maintenance of bronchial secretion in the advanced stages of the disease, are preserved

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000194195

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000195038

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

An epidemiological study was undertaken by means of the MRC questionnaire on respiratory symptoms and of spirographic tests (VC and FEV 1.0) in a population of elderly people (374 men and 377 women 60–85 years old) examined periodically during the last 10 years. In a large number (39,2%) of smokers who had persistent cough the spirographic values were normal. (The reference values for VC and FEV 1.0 were obtained by means of regression equations developed from samples of subjects belonging to the same age-group who had no history or symptoms of respiratory diseas

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000194196

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000194198

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000195027

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger