摘要:

The O2 affinity and the Pco2-pH dependence were studied in blood samples from 20 healthy subjects at temperatures of 28 and 32 °C. The O2 dissociation curves were determined at various CO2 pressures (Pco2 = 30, 40 and 50 mmHg); the Pco2-pH dependence was determined at various So2 degrees. Comparison of the determined O2 dissociation curves with results obtained at temperatures of 37 and 40 °C [Grote] yielded the following relationship at constant Pco2:Δ log Po2=0.0242 ΔT. The log Pco2/pH lines, determined for various So2 degrees, converge when Pco2 increases. The results of both series of tests can be summarized in alignment nomograms for the respiratory gas values and pH values. These show clearly the interdependence of the o2 and Co2 dissociation curves of blood at temperatures of 28 and 32°C. The nomograms can serve as supplementary means of judging the respiratory gas transport in the blood and the gas exchange during hypothermia. Provided two of the five parameters Po2, So2, Pco2, Cco2 and pH are known, the remaining three can be derived from the nomograms. Limitation: blood must be normal with respect to [Hb] and

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000192884

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1972

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The FEV1•0% was calculated from FEV1 0 and FVC measured in a random sample of older people in Edinburgh. The proportion of persons with FEV1 0% < 60and ≥60 in the sample was examined for association with smoking and respiratory symptoms. A significantly greater proportion of men with symptoms or who smoked cigarettes had FEV1•0 % < 60 than ≥60. Women showed similar trends but a much smaller proportion admitted symptoms or

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000192885

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1972

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The relationships between flow, expired volume and elapsed time during forced expiratory manoeuvres have been investigated in normal subjects and in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis, using gas mixtures of different densities and viscosities. The results are summarised as follows: (1)Peak-flow-rate and the expired volume at which this occurs are greater in normal subjects than in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis; (2) the time to reach peak flow does not differ significantly between the two groups; (3) the effect of respired gas density on all three factors is more marked in normal subjects than in patients; (4) when the peak flow of normal subjects is reduced to that of patients by addition of an external resistance in series, the time to peak flow is increased.

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000192887

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1972

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The purpose of our study was an investigation on pathophysiological connections between breathing mechanics, distributions of ventilation and perfusion and arterial oxygen pressures in patients with Respiratory gases breathing mechanics, distributions of ventilation and Blood gases perfusion and arterial oxygen pressures in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease. No correlation could be pointed out. Parameters for analyses of this kind haveto be refined.

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000192889

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1972

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In rabbits, an artificial pneumothorax of 50 ml atmospheric air is readsorbed in 92 h. Rate of readsorption is increased to 4.2 h if air is replaced by oxygen, and to 0.24 h if air is replaced by CO2. The morerapid readsorption is due to a greater gradient of diffusion (O2) in connection with a more advantageous diffusion coefficient (CO2). Consumption of O2 by the adjoining pleural tissue is of minimal importance for the more rapid readsorption of O2. Displacing N2 of spontaneous pneumothorax by O2 or CO2 can also be used to shorten time of readsorption in man.

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000192891

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1972

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A simple ‘color-organ’-loudspeader assembly was connected to a microphone inserted in the mouthpiece of a whole body volume-displacement plethysmograph to record panting breath sound frequencies as color patterns for 50 normal subjects studied at rest, and 150 patients with chronic obstructive ventilatory disorders examined before, and 5 min after inhalation of an isoproterenol-phenylephrine aerosol. The color displays were related to spirometric and plethysmographic indices. The respiratory function means were poorest for subjects breathing in the blue (lowest) frequency range, with increasingly better mean data for groups in the mixed blue/red, red and green frequencies. Although there was a modest degree of overlapping between the groups, differences in intergroup means were significant at the 0.01 level or better for all indices except certain Vtg comparisons. The breath sounds of the majority of normal subjects fell into the green or red (highest) frequencies, with the progressively abnormal function of the patient subdivisions marked by increasing numbers breathing in the blue/red and blue ranges. These color patterns were function-directed, rather than primarily related to age or diagnosis. Improved mean indices following bronchodilator mist exposure were accompanied by a shift into higher color frequencies, with changes in [Rg×Vtg] and Ra of equal magnitude to alterations in FEF200 – 1,200 and FEV1•0These data suggest that color presentation of oral respiratory sounds is a simple and inexpensive semi-quantitative method of estimating ventilatory status and the response to bronchoacti

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000192892

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1972

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Airway conductance related to thoracic gas volume (Gs) was measured by body plethysmography in 32 subjects with asthma, before and 10 min after aerosol of beta-adrenergic stimulant (salbutamol, 200 μg). Improvement of conductance (D-Gs) appeared less in cases with either highest or lowest Gs baseline value. Yet D-Gs beared no relationship to Gs, and therefore will not be predictable for any particular case considering Gs alone. D-Gs appeared neither independent nor proportional to Gs

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000192893

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1972

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In a double-blind trial on a total of 39 patients suffering from acute exacerbations of a chronic respiratory tract infection, we tested the effectiveness of the antibacterial combination chemotherapeutic drug Bactrim® (active agents: 400 mg sulfamethoxazole + 80 mg trimethoprim per tablet) against that of our standard antibiotic demethyl-chlortetracycline (Ledermycin®). The duration of treatment was 14 days in all the cases. The success criteria, beside the clinical findings, were the results of laboratory and bacteriological investigations, and daily assessments of the sputum in respect of appearance and quantity. Despite the fact that the randomization procedure accidentally resulted in the assignment of a larger proportion of the more severe cases to the Bactrim group than to the tetracycline group, the results of therapy with Bactrim were somewhat better than those with the control preparation. Almost all the pathogens isolated from the sputum of the patients were Bactrim-sensitive; no development of resistance was observed. Both test preparations were well tolerate

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000192895

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1972

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Spirometric and plethysmographic measurements combined with investigations of lung PV-characteristics by means of oesophageal catheters were carried out in both 20 young healthy smokers and 20 non-smokers. The mean age of all probands was 29 years. The following results were obtained: (1) Spirometric data andairway resistance were normal in all subjects. Viscous work of breathing, however, was significantly elevated in cigarette smokers. (2) The static elastic recoil pressures of all subjects fell within the normal limits given by Turner in 1968. (3) Significance of long-termed cigarette smoking was demonstrated by a rise of static compliance and a pronounced frequency dependence of dynamic compliance. Respiratory findings present in cigarette smokers are related to peripheral airway changes. In addition, smoke-specific lesions may be due to disturbances of alveolar surfactant.

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000192897

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1972

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000192899

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1972

数据来源: Karger