摘要:

The effect of non-uniformity in the distribution of ventilation and diffusion on the apparent pulmonary diffusing capacity measured by the single breath and steady state techniques has been assessed on the basis of a two-compartmental lung model. Both the methods give reasonable estimates of the true diffusing capacity provided the fast compartment has a greater KCO. The reverse of this results in gross underestimation of the diffusing capacity by both methods. There is a fairly good correlation between the single breath and the steady state results both in theory as well as in practice.

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000193935

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

24 subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were investigated in the course of acute respiratory failure defined by hypoxaemia, hypercapnia and respiratory acidosis. Haemodynamic data of right heart catheterization and coagulation tests were particularly studied. 12 of these subjects had right heart failure defined by a rise of right ventricular end-diastolic pressure above 10 Torr. Coagulation tests brought evidence of consumption coagulopathy in 8 patients, 7 of whom had right heart failure. Data suggest a significant correlation between right heart failure and coagulation disorders in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. These disturbances, accompanied by reduction of pulmonary vascular area, could be in part related to the presence of microthrombi in pulmonary arterial vessels.

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000193936

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Respiratory drive in a patient with central alveolar hypoventilation was assessed by mouth occlusion pressure method. Respiratory drive was almost abolished in this patient.

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000193937

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The correlation between barometric pressure and arterial oxygen pressure has been investigated in 3,054 coal miners. Furthermore, the correlation between alveolar oxygen pressure and alveolar-arterial oxygen pressure difference and barometric pressure has been investigated in 1,669 coal miners. For low and for high pO2a there are significant correlations to barometric pressure, in particular for the young age groups. pO2A and AaDO2 show closer correlations to barometric pressure in the middle range of pO2a (65–84 mm Hg). This points to different regulating mechanisms. A correction with a uniform factor is not possible and, for clinical purposes, unnecessary, since the influence of changing barometric pressure on pQ2a is only about 1–3 mm

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000193938

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A preliminary investigation has been carried out on bronchoalveolar cells obtained following lavage in various respiratory diseases. Of 23 cases observed, 7 have been studied in detail, 6 cases provided insufficient material for investigation, and the data obtained from the remaining 10 cases were inconclusive. Considerations are made with regard to the value of bronchial lavage in clinical diagnosis and cell studies.

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000193939

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Lungs from rabbits sensitized to ovalbumin or bovine γ-globulin were isolated and perfused with autologous blood. The response to antigen challenge via the perfusate was immunologically specific and characterized by a marked increase in perfusion resistance, a moderate increase in airway resistance and a small decrease in lung compliance. The response could also be elicited by specific antigen challenge in lungs from sensitized rabbits perfused with blood from normal rabbits and in lungs from normal rabbits perfused with blood or plasma from sensitized rabbits. The magnitude of the response was greater when blood or plasma from sensitized animals was used as the perfusate. Therefore, blood and/or plasma factors appear to be the major contributors to the response

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000193940

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A patient with multiple myeloma in whom recurrent right pleural effusion was the presenting sign of the disease is reported. An IgA (k) monoclonal component was found in both the pleural effusion and the serum. The bone marrow specimen was interpreted as typical for multiple myeloma and the pleural fluid contained numerous plasma cells. Treatment with cyclophosphamide was followed by clinical improvement and the disappearance of the pleural effusion. The clinical picture of symptomatic multiple myeloma (MM) is dominated by signs and symptoms attributed to bone marrow infiltration by the neoplastic cells and bone destruction [1]. Extraosseous involvement in MM is uncommon and pleural involvement is even more rare [2–4]. We describe a patient with MM in whom the presenting sign of the disease was a recurrent right pleural effusion which disappeared following treatment with cyclophosphamid

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000193941

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

3 cases of an unusual presentation of tuberculosis of the pleura which should be differentiated from neoplasm have been described.

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000193942

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000193943

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000193944

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger