摘要:

SummaryThe A1.12/9 antigen family were localized to the periphery of vesicle‐like structures in neurones and in the putative sensory receptors of cercariae by immuno‐electron microscopy. After transformation into schistosomula, the antigens were rapidly lost until, after 18 h, no immunoreactivity could be detected. Expression resumed at approximately 36 h post‐transformation and had returned to high levels by 4 days post‐infection. This level was maintained through to the adult worm stage. In 4 day lung schistosomula and in 14 day and 21 day liver schistosomula immunolabelling was observed within the matrix of the tegument itself and also in association with the tegumental membrane and vesicles within the tegument. These properties suggest that the A1.12/9 antigens may be involved in neuropeptide processing pathways. In particular, this family may represent the schistosome homologue of the granin family with which they share common properties and some sequence h

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1993.tb00621.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryFive T cell clones and two lines were derived from the lymph nodes (LN) of C57BL/6 mice immunized with radiation‐attenuated lung‐stage larvae of Schistosoma mansoni. All seven clones/lines were CD4+, CD8‐and expressed high levels of CD44 and CD45RB surface markers. After prolonged maintenance in‐vitro, with soluble antigen from 18 h schistosomula (SSP), five retained the ability to proliferate readily and release IFNg in response to conca‐navalin A (Con‐A) and to SSP and/or soluble adult worm antigen (SWAP). These Th clones/lines induced significant footpad DTH reactions when injected with SWAP, but were unable to confer protective immunity after transfer to naïve recipient mice. This result could be explained by the antigen specificity of the clones/lines, since they were not able to release IFNg when cultured in‐vitro with living lung‐stage larvae. A second possibility is that the high level of CD45RB expression, which is not seen on the surface of pulmonary CD4+memory/effector cells isolated directly from protectively‐vaccinated mice, alters the ability of the clones/lines to release IFNg and to induce a DTH response in the lungs when they encounter antigen released from migra

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1993.tb00622.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTwo of the antigens which have shown vaccine potential in animal experiments against Schistosoma mansoni are glutathione‐S‐transferase (GST) and GP38, protective epitopes of which are shared with keyhole limpet haemocyanin (KLH). We therefore tested S. bovis GST and KLH for vaccine efficacy against S. bovis in the natural Zebu cattle host. In a preliminary experiment three vaccinations with a total of 1.39 mg of native GSTs of S. bovis induced specific antibody at the time of challenge as detected by Western blotting and ELISA and mean faecal egg counts between weeks 6‐10 post‐challenge were reduced by 56.4 to 82.5% compared to non‐vaccinated controls. Mean adult worm recoveries and tissue egg densities in large intestine and liver samples were also reduced in the vaccinated group, but these differences were not statistically significant. In a subsequent experiment one group of calves was vaccinated with a similar schedule to that used above; a second group of calves was given only two injections of GST (total 0.48 mg protein); a third group of calves was vaccinated twice with a total of 2.0 mg KLH in PBS. All three vaccination schedules induced specific antibody. Both GST vaccination schedules induced significant reductions in faecal egg counts compared to non‐vaccinated controls and in this experiment tissue egg densities were also significantly reduced. A striking finding, however, was that adult worm counts were not reduced by vaccination. An essentially similar outcome resulted from KLH vaccination, since there were significant reductions in faecal and tissue egg counts in the absence of a reduction in adult worm numbers. This type of immunity mimics that induced by natural or experimental infections in the calf and clearly has implications for vac

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1993.tb00623.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIt has earlier been shown that the Plasmodium falciparum‐reactive human monoclonal antibody 33G2 inhibits parasite growth in vitro as well as cytoadherence of infected red blood cells to melanoma cells in vitro. MoAb 33G2 recognizes an epitope of the P. falciparum antigen Ag332 and cross‐reactive determinants in Pf 155/RESA and Pf 11.1 located in repetitive regions containing sequences of regularly spaced pairs of glutamic acid. To study whether antibodies of this specificity frequently occur in human immune sera and if they could be of importance for protective immunity, antibodies were affinity purified on MoAb 33G2 reactive Ag332 peptides. The epitope specificity of the affinity purified antibodies, determined by the Pepscan method, resembled that of MoAb 33G2, but showed differences in fine specificity. The antibodies cross‐reacted to some extent with Pf 11.1 and Pf 155/RESA repeat peptides as detected by peptide ELISA and Pepscan. In indirect immunofluorescence all purified antibodies displayed a dotted pattern of staining of late stage infected red blood cells of two lines of the P. falciparum strain FCR3, including a Pf 155/RESA deficient line. The in vitro growth of these two lines was efficiently inhibited by the affinity purified antibodies, indicating that their inhibitory effect was mainly due to reactivity with antigens other than Pf 155/RESA. This, and the fact that Pf 11.1 has been shown not to be expressed by the asexual stages suggests that Ag332 may be an important target for potentially protective antibodies in vivo and that Ag332 based immunogens are of interest for development of malaria subunit vac

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1993.tb00624.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIgG1 antibody responses to Heligmosomoides polygyrus were measured in eight mouse strains supporting acute (25 weeks, C57BL/0, CBA, C3H, AKR) primary infections. Mice supporting acute or intermediate infections produced more intense antibody responses and total serum IgG1 concentrations were higher than in mice tolerating chronic infections. Positive correlations across mouse strains between the intensity of the antibody response and the percentage loss of worms in weeks 6 and 10 were established. No correlation was found between the response within mouse strains and loss of worms by individual mice. Heavy infections gave marginally higher antibody titres than low intensity infections, but few significant differences were detected and it was concluded that infection intensity did not markedly influence the magnitude of the antibody response. Male and female mice responded similarly despite the earlier loss of worms from females. No association was found between the primary response phenotype and recognition of particular antigens in Western blot analysis, nor did intensity of infection or host gender affect recognition. The possibility that immunomodulatory properties of adult worms may have had a differential influence on ability of strains of contrasting response phenotype to mount IgG1 responses was discusse

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1993.tb00625.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryMice were infected either with Trichinella spiralis (day 0). Heligmosomoides polygyrus (day – 14) or concurrently with both species and were killed in groups, together with naïve control mice, on 2 occasions (day 8 and 15 post infection with T. spiralis, corresponding to days 22 and 29 p.i. with H. polygyrus). The expulsion of T. spiralis was slowed significantly in concurrently infected mice and this was associated with a reduced mastocytosis and lower serum mucosal mast cell protease levels. Mesenteric lymph node (MLN) lymphocytes from all three experimental groups secreted IL‐3 and IL‐4 in copious amounts when stimulated in vitro by Concanavalin A (Con‐A), but the secretion of high levels of IL‐9 and IL‐10 was essentially confined to mice infected with T. spiralis alone. It is suggested that adult H. polygyrus selectively modulate cytokine secretion by Th2 cells within the MLN during infection and that this is brought about as a direct consequence of the mechanism employed by H. polygyrus to depress mucosal inflammatory responses in order to facilitate its

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1993.tb00626.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe effect of irradiation on the third stage larvae of the filarial nematode Brugia pahangi was investigated. Labelling with33S methionine of control or irradiated L3, post‐infective L3or L4revealed no consistent alterations in the pattern of proteins synthesized. The only significant difference observed was in125I labelling, where the specific activity of labelling of soluble cuticular proteins was lower in irradiated than in control parasites. This difference may be related to the reduced size of irradiated parasites rather than to a specific effect of irradiation on the expression of cuticular proteins. Irradiated parasites recovered on day 14 post‐infection were significantly shorter than control parasites. Irradiation also appeared to have a lethal effect on male parasites, as no recognizable males were recovered from animals given irradiated L3, nor were microfilariae ever observed in these animals. The mechanisms by which irradiation may enhance the immunogenicity of L3of filarial nematodes are discus

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1993.tb00627.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY