摘要:

SummaryCats infected with Brugia pahangi were immunosuppressed and the development of lymphatic pathology, as measured xeroradiographically by dilatation of the vessels, in these animals was compared with that of normally infected cats. Individual cats showed wide variations in response. Niridazole and antilymphocyte serum both reduced dilatation, niridazole being particularly effective in the early stages of infection. When silica, used as an inflammatory agent, was injected subcutaneously in conjunction with worm infection lymphatic dilatation developed, this being potentiated in degree and rate of development as compared with control animals. The possible role of a non‐filarial inflammatory response in the development of lymphatic dilatation is discusse

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1983.tb00729.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe antibody response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) has been measured in C57B1 mice infected with the intra‐erythrocytic piroplasm Babesia microti. The primary antibody response is severely reduced or abolished when antigen is administered at the time of maximum parasitaemia. The secondary antibody response of infected mice, which had been primed with SRBC, is reduced but retains the characteristics of a secondary response. Mice injected with SRBC at maximum parasitaemia failed to become primed to that antigen: these mice gave a primary antibody response to a second injection of SRBC given after the infection had become sub‐patent. B. microti, therefore, can completely prevent the induction of memory, but only partially inhibit the expression of mem

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1983.tb00730.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThere is evidence that autoimmune aberrations may contribute to the immunopathological consequences of Chagas' disease and because of this we sought to determine whether four inbred strains of mice bearing the single autosomal recessive gene, lpr (lymphoproliferation), which controls certain autoimmune manifestations, are particularly susceptible to acute infection with the Y strain of Trypanosoma cruzi. MRL/MpJ‐lpr/lpr, C57B1/6J‐lpr/lpr, AKR/J‐lpr/lpr, C3H/HeJ‐lpr/lpr showed parasitaemias 2–10 times higher when compared to their congenic partners. Mortality was significantly higher in three of the four lpr strains. The results indicate that a single autosomal recessive gene which is associated with autoimmunity can influence susceptibility to acute T. cruzi infectio

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1983.tb00731.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe protective effect of specific vaccination against Plasmodium berghei (P. berghei) was compared in terms of survival percentage in DBA/2, C3H, outbred albino mice and in two lines of mice produced by selective breeding for either high or low antibody responsiveness to sheep erythrocyte (H and L lines respectively). The efficacy of induced protection varies according to genetic constitution. It is very strong in H line and albino mice, intermediate in DBA/2 and very weak in L line and C3H. The inheritance of post‐vaccinal resistance to infection was studied in F| hybrids and backcrosses between C3H and the other lines. The control was polygenic in all cases. The dominance of the characteristic depends on the strain combination. On the whole the results suggest the non‐identity of the genes controlling protection in the various lines. The lack of a quantitative parameter for a more precise genetic analysis of protective immunity in inbred lines is stressed, since both anti‐P. berghei antibody production and parasitaemia proved to be unrel

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1983.tb00732.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary111Indium‐oxine‐labelled rat eosinophils were injected i.v. into rats infected with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and controls. Radionuclide imaging was done to measure the rate and extent of radioactive uptake into different regions of the body in vivo. Radioactivity appeared first in the lungs then in the livers and spleens. The distribution of radioactivity and parasites was studied by gamma counting, histology and parasite counts. In infected rats, increased amounts of radioactivity localized in the skin, lungs and small intestines during the dermal, pulmonary and intestinal stages of the disease. It was concluded that localization of radioactivity was closely related to the tissue distribution of migratory larvae and adult worms. This technique may be of value in measuring alterations in eosinophil distribution and tissue localization in vivo, especially in helminthic infections and other disease where many eosinophils accumulate in tiss

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1983.tb00733.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryHuman peripheral blood mononuclear cells were found to produce interferon (IFN) when stimulated by free P. falciparum parasites in vitro. On the other hand parasite‐infected, intact erythrocytes were unable to induce IFN synthesis. When the IFN was characterized according to sensitivity to anti‐IFN‐α antibodies and pH 2 treatment it was found to consist of IFN‐α. Cell fractionation procedures and analysis of each cell fraction with regard to natural killer (NK) cell activity and IFN‐producing capacity revealed that both activities were confined to the same cell fraction. The possible relevance of the IFN‐NK cell system in malaria

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1983.tb00734.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe present study demonstrates that malarial parasite could be processed by macrophages in vitro to release ‘super antigens’. These super antigens obtained from the peritoneal macrophages were more protective than those processed by the splenic adherent cells. BCG‐stimulated macrophages were also able to process the antigens efficiently and these antigens were even superior to those obtained from the unstimulated macrophages. These modified antigens were potent inducers of DFPS to malarial antigens. It is thus concluded that parasite antigens, processed in vitro, carry specific immunogenic potential and are able to protect the recipients to parasite chal

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1983.tb00735.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe in vitro binding serum complement (C) components to Schistosoma mansoni worms was studied. By exposing frozen sections of adult male and female parasites to normal human serum, binding of both classical and alternative pathway C components was observed. By immunofluorescence (IFL) microscopy selective binding of C1q, C4 and C3 to the schistosomal tegument, internal structures, the intestinal tract and eggs was seen. The C4 and C3 binding was completely abolished in the presence of 10 mM EDTA. EGTA also completely inhibited binding of C4 and most of the C3 binding. These results suggest that C binding to S. mansoni adult worms occurs mostly by the classical activation pathway. However, the partial Ca2+independence of C3 binding and the demonstrated binding of the regulatory protein β1H suggests that worms are capable also of C3 binding by the alternative pathway. No C binding occurred to intact worms. Although some in vivo bound immunoglobulin appeared to be present occasionally at the parasite surface and in the gut, this material did not account for the demonstrated extensive C deposition upon incubation of frozen sections with normal human serum in vitro. Antibody independence of the observed classical pathway C binding was further indicated by binding of isolated Clq to the same structures capable of binding C components from serum

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1983.tb00736.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe anti‐parasite response was investigated after oral infection of athymic nude (rnu/rnu) rats and heterozygous (+/rnu) littermates with 1000 muscle larvae of Trichinella spiralis. No IgM, IgG and IgE antibodies were detected in serum of rnu/rnu rats. Expulsion of adult worms from the small intestine was prolonged (worms were nearly all expelled at days 14 and 91 in +/rnu and rnu/rnu rats respectively). The yield of muscle larvae in the carcasses of nude rats at day 91 was 33 times higher than in +/rnu rats. In contrast to the strong inflammatory reaction in the parasitized tongue of +/rnu rats, no infiltration was observed in rnu/rnu rats. Using an immunoperoxide method with monoclonal anti‐rat T‐cell antibody, no T cells were identified in spleen, mesenteric lymph node and Peyer's patches. These data support earlier studies that the nude rat lacks functional T cells. As the counts of connective tissue mast cells (CTMC), intestinal mast cells (IMC) and globule leucocytes (GL) in small intestine of uninfected rnu/rnu rats were equal or higher than in +/rnu rats, it is concluded that the origin of these cells is thymus‐independent. In contrast to +/rnu rats, infection of rnu/rnu rats induced no increase of CTMC, IMC or GL. Thus, these cells depend on T cells to undergo proliferation. Finally, results of this study were inconclusive whether IMC are precursors for GL, or that they represent independent cell popu

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1983.tb00737.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryMigration of human peripheral blood granulocytes in response to microfilariae of O. volvulus was demonstrated using modified Boyden chambers. Granulocyte migration was significantly enhanced when microfilariae were preincubated with heat‐inactivated immune serum (ΔIS), then added to a fresh serum source (P<0.025). This effect was not seen when microfilariae were incubated in medium alone, in ΔIS alone, in ΔIS plus C4‐deficient guinea‐pig serum, or in fresh serum alone. There was no significant difference between the response of cells from O. volvulus‐infected donors and that of cells from normal volunteers. Likewise, there was no significant difference between the migratory response seen toward nodule‐ versus skin‐derived microfilariae. These results suggest that the host inflammatory response to O. volvulus microfilariae is mediated in part by chemotactic factors generated by antibody and complement interaction with the organism and, furthermore, that these factors are product(s) of classical complement path

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1983.tb00738.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY