摘要:

SummaryAdministration of the antioxidants 2(3)‐tert‐butyl‐4‐hydroxyanisole (BHA) or 5‐(P‐methoxyphenyl)‐3H‐1.2‐dithiol‐3‐thione (ADT) to female CD‐1 mice starting 4 weeks after infection with 70 cercariae ofSchistosoma mansoniresulted in a decrease in the size of the inner fibrotic region of the hepatic granuloma. The cellular composition of the granuloma was not altered by treatment with these two compounds. The administration of the specific superoxide scavenger copper diisopropylsalicylate (CuDIPS) resulted in a similar decrease in granuloma size, suggesting a role of superoxide radicals in the

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1985.tb00100.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe cuticular antigens of adultNematospiroides dubiuswere selectively removed using the cationic detergent cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). Nonionic, zwitterionic or anionic detergents were ineffective in comparison. The biochemical profile of the antigens removed by detergent was identical to that of surface antigens removed by homogenization, with the added advantage that detergent‐stripped antigens lacked many of the background antigens (excretory/secretory‐ES and somatic) seen in homogenates. In addition, the detergent was shown to act in a non‐invasive manner as electron micrographs failed to reveal any gross damage to the nematode outer cuticle. The observed selective release of significant quantities of relatively clean nematode surface antigen by CTAB in a non‐invasive or destructive manner provides the impetus for definitive studies on the relevance of surface antigens (in the absence of ES or somatic antigens) to the overall immunogenicity of this and other pa

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1985.tb00101.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA monoclonal antibody has been produced which binds to the heat stable S antigen present in the FCQ‐27/PNG isolate ofPlasmodium falciparum. This monoclonal antibody also inhibits the invasionin vitroof erythrocytes by malarial merozoites thus demonstrating that the S antigens ofPlasmodium falciparummay be a target of protective immune response

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1985.tb00102.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryCBA/Ca mice were immunized by infection with cloned lines ofPlasmodium berghei(isolates ANKA, KSP‐11).Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi(AS, CB) orPlasmodium chabaudi adami(DS) and then challenged with either homologous or heterologous parasites. Protective responses were assessed in immune mice relative to the controls by their ability to (i) extend the time taken for the mean parasitaemia to reach a predetermined level (1% or 0·1%) (ii) reduce peak parasitaemia (iii) resolve the parasitaemia sooner and/or (iv) control or eliminate recrudescences. At both the inter‐ and intra‐species level, immunity appeared largely specific for the cloned line inducing it. At the interspecies level marginally effective cross‐immunity was sometimes evident, thusP. bergheiKSP‐11 immune mice displayed some immunity againstP. c. chabaudiAS, although immunity to this parasite was relatively ineffective againstP. bergheiANKA or KSP‐11. Cross‐immunity was more apparent between the subspeciesP. c. adamiandP. c. chabaudiand between cloned lines of the latter parasite derived from the AS and CB isolates. These data reflect considerable inter‐ and intra‐species structural and immunogenic differences in certain antigens of parasitized erythrocytes and merozoites, which have been identified in a number of murine malarias and associated with protective immunity. Similar differences recently identified in the equivalent antigens of the human parasiteP. falciparummay therefore have important implications for protecti

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1985.tb00103.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThree monoclonal antibodies prepared using spleen cells from mice immunized with microgametes ofPlasmodium yoelii nigeriensiswere tested for their ability to block transmission of the infection. Two of them agglutinated microgametes and blocked transmission, this effect being antibody‐dose dependent. The third monoclonal used alone was ineffective in both these assays although it stained gametocytes and microgametes by immunofluorescence in the same way as the protective monoclonals. However, when it was administered in combination with one of the protective monoclonals the transmission blocking immunity was enhanced significantly, indicating a synergistic effect of the two antibodie

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1985.tb00104.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySchistosomula ofS. haematobiumhave been shown to be susceptible toin vitrokilling by eosinophils in the presence of serum from an infected individual. The highest level of killing was found after 48 h in culture. Killing was related to the eosinophil to schistosomula ratio, being highest at 5000:1. Killing was also related to serum concentration, being highest at a 1/10 final dilution, falling to background levels at a 1/120 final dilution. At a cell: target ratio of 2000:1 and at a serum dilution of 1/10 eosinophils from subjects with high peripheral blood eosinophil counts were, cell for cell, more active in killingS. haematobiumschistosomula than were eosinophils from subjects with lower counts. Sera taken from adults resident in an endemic area gave higher levels of killing in the presence of eosinophils than did sera taken from adults with no history of exposure.

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1985.tb00105.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryWe have measured the levels of infection withSchistosoma haematobiumin children resident in an endemic area of The Gambia before and 3 months after successful chemotherapy and following reinfection. An exposure index was calculated from data collected on water contact, cercarial densities and infected snail densities at water contact sites. Peripheral blood eosinophil levels were recorded and the ability of serum (heat inactivated) from the children to allow killing of schistosomula ofS. haematobiumwas examined. Of 50 children with a post‐treatment egg count of1 ovum/10 ml urine over the transmission season. Twenty‐four were classified as not reinfected, acquiring<1 ovum/10 ml of urine over the same period. These two groups did not differ with respect to their estimated age, weight or pretreatment egg counts. Children who were reinfected had significantly higher levels of exposure and significantly lower peripheral blood eosinophil counts than children who were not reinfected. At all levels of exposure children with high eosinophil counts were less likely to be reinfected than those with lower counts. But antibody‐dependent, complement‐independent killing of schistosomula ofS. haematobiumby eosinophils was barely detectable and did not differ between reinfected and non reinfected groups. These observations suggest that subjects with elevated counts are less susceptible to reinfection but the mechanisms involved are not a

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1985.tb00106.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryFresh normal rat serum (fNRS) promoted adherence and cytotoxicity of albino rat neutrophils and macrophages toBrugia pahangiinfective larvae (L3)in vitro.EDTA and not EGTA abolished the adherence activity suggesting the involvement of complement components via the alternate pathway. C3 molecules were detected on the surface of the parasite by immunofluorescence. fNRS depleted of complement by treatment with Zymosan A or of factor B by heating at 50°C for 20 min, failed to promote cell adherence to the parasite. fNRS and cells from albino rat were more potent in inducing cytotoxicity to L3than those from jird orMastomyswhich may reflect the greater resistance offered by the albino rat toB. pahangiinfection. In the presence of IgG and a heat labile factor, possibly complement, of immune serum, neutrophils and macrophages and to a lesser extent eosinophils adhered to and killed the larvae. Immune sera raised against microfilariae of different filarial parasites promoted cell‐mediated cytotoxicity toB. pahangiL3suggesting sharing of antigens between the two stag

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1985.tb00107.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA comparison of the35S‐methionine metabolically labelled immunoreactive glycoproteins of immature and matureF. hepaticawas carried out by one‐and two‐dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Sera of rabbits infected for 3 weeks reacted much more strongly with glycoproteins of immature flukes than with glycoproteins of mature flukes as compared to sera of rabbits infected for 9 weeks. Several of the immunoreactive glycoproteins were also released by immatureF. hepaticainto the culture medium. At least one was a component of the T1 type granules. Analysis of thein vitrotranslation products of matureF. hepaticaindicated that the initial humoral immune response of rabbit hosts may be directed against carbohydrate m

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1985.tb00108.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1985.tb00109.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY