摘要:

A cDNA clone ofOnchocerca volvulus, designated MOv14, and encoding 136 amino‐acid residues from theC‐terminusofO. volvulustropomyosin, was evaluated as a protective immunogen in two complimentary rodent models of onchocerciasis. Vaccination of BALB/c mice with the recombinant fusion of MOv14 coupled to Maltose‐Binding Protein (MBP) induced significant reductions (48–62%) in the recovery ofOnchocerca lienalismicrofilariae from the skin, compared to control groups immunized with MBP alone. The predominant antibody response generated to MOv14 by vaccination was of IgG1. Following a similar vaccination protocol in Mongolian jirds, two independent experiments demonstrated that 16 weeks after infection withAcanthocheilonemaviteaethere was a 46% reduction in the recovery of adult worms in vaccinated animals compared to control groups. Antibodies generated by vaccination recognized a product released during culture ofA. viteaeinfective larvae which migrated at a distinct molecular mass from native tropomyosin from somatic

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-3024.1996.d01-93.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In the present study we demonstrate that spleens and hearts from BALB/c mice infected with the virulent Tulahuén or the low virulent CA‐I strains ofTrypanosoma cruzi, contain substantially higher ICAM‐1 transcripts than uninfected controls. ICAM‐1 expression in heart cells was also increased at the protein level, as measured by flow cytometry, ELISA and immunohistochemistry. The adhesive receptor was observed not only on inflammatory cells but also on sarcolemma of cardiac myocytes fromT. cruziinfected mice. ICAM‐1 expression was higher during the acute phase than in the chronic phase of infection, and paralleled the density of inflammatory leukocytes. Elevated titres of soluble ICAM‐1 (s‐ICAM‐1) were detected in sera from mice during the acute phase of infection with CA‐I or Tulahuén parasites. Cytokines, including IFN‐γ, IL‐1α, IL‐6 and TNF‐α have been shown to modulate expression of ICAM‐1. Spleens and hearts from mice infected with CA‐I or Tulahuén strains showed increased accumulation of mRNAs specific for these cytokines, which peaked during the acute phase of infection. However, IFN‐γ activity was not necessary for ICAM‐1 induction, as its levels were also increased during infection in IFN‐γ receptor knock‐out (IFN‐γR−) mice. Upregulation of ICAM‐1 expression might be a direct consequence of parasite infection, since its density on cell lines of different lineages was

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-3024.1996.d01-95.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Cattle were vaccinated either with a single recombinant tick antigen, Bm86 or with a combination of two recombinant antigens, Bm86 and Bm91 from the tickBoophilus microplus. In three experiments, the responses of cattle to subsequent challenge with the tick were assessed. The addition of the Bm91 antigen enhanced the efficacy of the vaccination over that with Bm86 alone to a statistically significant degree. Moreover, co‐vaccination with two antigens did not impair the response of cattle to the Bm86 antigen. Finally, responses of individual cattle to the two antigens were independent. All of these results may be relevant to the increase in efficacy expected from a dual antigen vaccin

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-3024.1996.d01-90.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We characterized the leucocyte subpopulations after infection withEimeria tenellain both naive and immune chickens. Immunocytochemical staining was used to characterize the cellsin situ, so that the interaction between host and parasite could be studied. More leucocytes were detected in the lamina propria of immune chickens, and leucocytes infiltrated the ceca more rapidly than in naive chickens, but the infiltration was less pronounced than in naive chickens. In naive chickens, most infiltrated leucocytes were macrophages and T cells. Two days after inoculation the number of CD4+cells had increased greatly. In immune chickens, mainly T cells (CD4+and CD8+) infiltrated the lamina propria, and in contrast to naive chickens, the number of CD8+cells exceeded the number of CD4+cells. Furthermore, we characterized which cells contained a parasite and which cells were detected next to the parasites, because these cells are probably involved in the arrested development of the parasites. In naive chickens, sporozoites were significantly more often located within or next to macrophages than in immune chickens. In immune chickens, sporozoites were significantly more often located within or next to CD3+, CD8+, and TCR2+cells. In conclusion, the marked increase of CD4+cells after primary infection suggests that these cells are involved in the induction of the immune response, whereas the increase of CD8+cells after challenge infection suggests that these cells act as effector cells.

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-3024.1996.d01-94.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A comparison of immune responses to infection between groups of B10.BR mice infected with different strains ofT. muris, S strain (isolated in Sobreda, Portugal), E strain (isolated in Edinburgh), and E‐J strain (originally E strain, which has been maintained in our laboratory, Japan), was performed. In mice infected with E and E‐J strains, most of the worms were expelled by day 32 after infection, though the expulsion was faster in E‐J strain‐infected mice. In contrast, no expulsion was observed in S strain‐infected mice by day 32 and egg production occurred on day 32. IL‐4 production occurred in concanavalin A (Con‐A)‐stimulated mesenteric lymph node cells (MLNC) from B10.BR mice infected with E and E‐J strains, whereas no IL‐4 production was observed in S strain‐infected mice. IL‐4 production did not occur in normal mice. In comparison with normal mice, high levels of IFN‐γ production by Con A‐stimulated MLNC were detected in mice infected with every strain of T. muris. IFN‐γ production in S strain‐infected mice was greater, occurred earlier and was more persistent than in mice infected with E and E‐J strains. IgG1 and IgG2a antibodies toT. murisexcretory/secretory antigens were observed in B10.BR mice infected with every strain ofT. muris. Antibody production showed similar kinetics. These differences in the expulsion kinetics and IL‐4 production in B10.BR mice infected with S, E, and E‐J strains suggest the involvement of IL‐4 in protection againstT. murisinfection, and confirm t

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-3024.1996.d01-92.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Recombinant DNA fragments fromLeishmania aethiopicathat code for epitopes which react with human antibodies have been characterized by cross‐hybridization studies and DNA sequence analysis. Twenty clones could be grouped into seven different groups (I–VII), probably representing seven differentL. aethiopicaantigens. The DNA sequences of representative clones from the seven groups have been obtained and the amino acid sequence of the respective recombinant antigens established. The recombinant antigens have been analysed by epitope scanning with patient sera, and octapeptides that contain potential B‐cell epitopes have been identified in all seven recombinant antigens. These octapeptides have further been tested with additional patient sera and control sera, and three octapeptides (HAFCHEEG, YHSSVVHD and SYAPCSLK) were found to contain major epitopes recognizing specific antibodies in nine, seven and four, respectively, of the twenty sera tested. Fifteen of the twenty sera reacted with one or more of these three octapep

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-3024.1996.d01-91.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY