ISSN:0140-7775    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2761.1980.tb00189.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0140-7775    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2761.1980.tb00190.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Starry flounderPlatichthys stellatus(Pallas) from the Duwamish River estuary, which has received large volumes of pollutants in the past, and starry flounder from two relatively unpolluted reference areas were examined for pathological conditions. Gross and microscopic examination of starry flounders from the Duwamish River estuary revealed one or more of the following unusual liver characteristics in 92% (monthly range 85–100%) of the fish: liver discolouration, liver enlargement, severe fatty vacuolation of the hepatocytes, centrolobular cellular degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes, megalocytic hepatocytes, proliferating perivascular fibroblasts displacing adjacent liver parenchyma, hepatic structural disarray and increased basophilia of hepatocytes in localized areas. Livers of starry flounders, usually spent spawners, from one of the reference areas also had one or more of these characteristics, although at a much lower frequency (<13%), and these included liver discolouration, increased fatty vacuolation of the hepatocytes and hepatic structural disarra

ISSN:0140-7775    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2761.1980.tb00191.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The 96‐h medium tolerance limit of Furanace (nifurpirinol: P‐7138) for channel catfishIctalurus punctatusat 21°C was 0‐94 mg/1. The most effective treatment level for channel catfish, experimentally infected withAeromonas hydrophila, was 2mg/1 for 6.5 h. Furanace at 0.5 and 1.0 mg/1 in brain heart infusion agar reducedin vitrogrowth ofA. hydrophilaand at 2.0 mg/1 growth was com

ISSN:0140-7775    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2761.1980.tb00192.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Cultured turbotScophthalmus maximus(L.) from three farms at Hunterston, Scotland were found to be infected withHaemogregarina sachai. Up to 6% of some populations were affected with gross tumorous lesions of the musculature and viscera. The lesions consisted of necrotic tissue with a caseous centre. Histologically, there was an accumulation of parasitized reticulo‐endothelial cells, cell debris and pyknotic nuclei. Parasitaemias of up to 36% of all blood cell types were observed. The majority of infected cells were neutrophils and monocytes. Infected leucocytes were hypertrophied. There was an erythrocytopenia of infected fish with increases in erythroblasts, monocytes and neutrophils but a decrease in thrombocytes and lymphocytes. Transmission experiments between fish were unsuccessfu

ISSN:0140-7775    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2761.1980.tb00193.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Serum thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyroninc (T3) levels were significantly lower in fish fed a high PCB diet (500 mg/kg) in comparison to those fed the control diet. The differences in serum thyroid hormone levels between the PCB‐fed group and those fed the control diet were not evident after 14 days food deprivation nor after testosterone‐injection. The low PCB diet (50 mg/kg) was without effect on serum T4and T3levels regardless of the treatment. Trout fed the highest Mirex diet (50 mg/kg) had T3levels which were significantly lower and a T4T3ratio which T3was still evident after 14 days food deprivation but after testosterone administration the serum T3levels in the control fish had fallen to levels similar to those in the Mirex‐fed group. The low Mires diet (5 mg/kg) was without effect on serum T4and T3levels regardless of treatment. Serum T4and T3levels in fish fed a mixed PCB (50 mg/kg) and Mirex (5 mg/kg) diet were not significantly different from controls but T3levels were significantly higher than in control fish after 14 days food deprivation and subsequent testosterone administration. There were no appearence difference in anterior pituitary or thyroid histology between the different groups. The hepatosomatic index (HSI) in PCB‐fed trout was significantly larger than in controls in the fed groups, but not after 14 days food deprivation and subsequent testosterone administration. There was a five‐fold difference in carcass PCB hioaccumulation between fish fed the two PCB‐conlaminated diets, despite a 10‐fold difference in dietary levels of the organochlorine. Similarly despite 10‐fold differences in dietary Mirex levels in fish fed the 5 and 50 mg/kg and the 50 and 500 mg/kg diets, there were only 4–56–and 1–35‐fold increases in carcass Mirex content, respectively. Trout fed the mixed Mirex‐PCB diet had PCB levels of only 60.2% of those fed comparable levels of PCB alone (50 mg/kg) but contained similar levels of Mirex to those

ISSN:0140-7775    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2761.1980.tb00194.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.An autoradiographic study of the various types of neoplastic lesions in the skin of Pacific English soleParophrys vetulusGirard was performed using peritoneally injected tritiated thymidine. The epidermis offish is mitotically active at all cell levels, the most important being the supra‐basal layer. In the hyperplastically growing epidermis of the English sole covering connective tissue nodules and in the papillating epidermis prior to formation of enlarged ovoid cells (X‐cells), the supra‐basal layer also shows the greatest degree of labelling. Parallel to the appearance of these X‐cells, which are characteristic of the skin tumours in Pacific flatfish, the distribution of DNA‐synthesizing cells is altered. In the tumour areas which are more or less filled with X‐cells the ‘envelope cells’ are labelled throughout with a uniform frequency. On the other hand, the directly adjacent X‐cell free areas are labelled with a greater than

ISSN:0140-7775    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2761.1980.tb00195.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A comparative diagnostic study was conducted on goldfish, Carassiusauratus(L.), with a cutaneous ulcerative disease from five locations in the United States and one each in England and Japan. Fish were examined for parasites, viruses and bacteria. Fish from all locations examine d were infested by ectoparasites; no single parasite species was common to all locations. No virus‐associated cytopathology was observed in fathead minnow (FHM) or adult goldfish (CAR) monolayer cell cultures inoculated with homogenates of cutaneous lesions, kidneys and livers from diseased fish. The only bacterium cultured from fish from all locations was an atypical, often late‐pigmenting strainof Aeromonas salmonicida. This organism was isolated from 64 of 83 (77%) of the total lesions cultured and was most prevalent in early lesions. A second commonly isolated organism wasAeromonas hydrophila, which was cultured from fish at four of the seven locations and from 28 (34%) of the total lesions cultured.A. hydrophilawas most prevalent in terminal lesions. From these studies it was concluded thatA. salmonicidawas the probable cause of ulcers noted In the cases examined an d thatA. hydrophilawas a secondary inva

ISSN:0140-7775    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2761.1980.tb00196.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Infection experiments were conducted to determine the primary aetiology of an ulcerative disease in goldish,Carassius auratus(L.). Goldfish were exposed to atypicalAeromonas salmonicidaand A.hydrophila, previousl y isolated from cutaneous ulcers, and to 04 5 μm filtrates of cutaneous ulcers and kidneys from diseased fish. Fish were exposed to each preparation by intraperitoneal, intramuscular or subcutaneous injection and by a method in which a small patch of scales was removed from each side of the fish and the inoculums applied. Most of the fish injected with A.salmonicidadied without developing coetaneous ulcers; however, ulcers were induced in five of the ten fish exposed by the scale removal technique. Exposure to ultra filtrates or A.hydrophiladid not result in consistent ulcer formation o r death. Additional experiments showed that a 30‐min exposure of goldfish, without prior treatment, to water containing 3 × 105colony forming units (cfu/ml) of A.salnumicidawas sufficient to produce cutaneous lesions in nine often fish exposed. Multiple lesions were produced in most fish and A.salmonicidawas consistently recovered. Fish exposed by similar waterborne challenge s to 6·2 × 106cfu/ml of A.hydrophilaor to 7·2 × 106cfu/ml of another lesion isolate identified as a member of the A.hydrophilacomplex produced no lesions, eve n when scales were removed. The studies demonstrate that atypical A.salmonicidacan initiate cutaneous lesion s characteristic of ulcerative disease, while A.hydrophilaand an A.hydrophilacomplex organism

ISSN:0140-7775    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2761.1980.tb00197.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.An ‘oedema syndrome’ caused mortality of 55·5% in brood brown trout approximately 2 months after spawning. The pathology and clinical biochemistry of the condition are described. It is suggested that the severe hypoproteinaemia and anaemia were due mainly to the traditional reduction in feed levels prior to spawning at a time when the water temperatures were abnormally high. It is also suggested, however, that the syndrome would not have occurred if the fish had not developed an aeromonad infection prior to stripping. Concurrent fungal infection and subsequent extremely low water temperatures are also thought to have played a

ISSN:0140-7775    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2761.1980.tb00198.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY