摘要:

The purpose of this paper is to argue for the necessity of a rigorous sexual science. The consequences of the absence of a sexual science and data on human sexual behavior are noted. Similarly, the obstacles which prevent a rigorous sexual science are also discussed. Finally, suggestions for the future of sexual science are introduced. Sexual science is defined, simple goals are described, measurement issues are examined, and theoretical objectives are suggested. The paper concludes with the following statement:“Future generations will find it incomprehensible—and perhaps unconscionably negligent—that so little effort was marshalled to obtain data on, and establish a science of, human sexual behavior.”

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224499009551550

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AIDS prevention work needs an understanding of the full spectrum of sexuality. A survey of sexual practices was conducted among gay and bisexual men in New South Wales, Australia. Interviews with 535 men indicate that the repertoire of sexual expression appears to be diminishing under the impact of the AIDS crisis. Particular sexual practices can be grouped into several clusters or factors, and scales can be constructed which focus on anal, oral/tactile and esoteric practices. These factors appear stable for sex with regular or casual partners. Pleasure and practice are not isomorphic; some men have modified their sexual behaviour and given up some of the practices they enjoy. Pleasure is gained from a broad spectrum of activities, but patterns of genital primacy (oral‐genital and anal‐genital) and communicative primacy are present.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224499009551551

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Recent research with homosexual samples in San Francisco (Stall, McKusick, Wiley, Coates,&Ostrow, 1986) has shown that the use of alcohol (or other drugs) in conjunction with sexual activity is strongly related to unsafe sex (i.e., high risk for AIDS infection). Analysis of data from a mail survey of the adult population of San Francisco replicated these results: There was a strong relationship between frequency of using alcohol or other drugs in conjunction with sexual activity and the frequency of engaging in risky sexual behaviors. However, risky sexual behavior wasnotrelated to theproportionof sexual activity involving drinking andwasrelated toproportionof sexual activity involving cocaine and other drugs in gay men only. Frequency of risky sex in hetersexuals was predicted largely by total frequency of sex, with small amounts of variance contributed by frequency of sex with a partner who was drinking or using drugs. In gay men, use of cocaine or other drugs during sex contributed a substantial amount of explained variance in risky behavior.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224499009551552

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Despite global similarities between the immunologic and pathogenic properties of HIV infection, there are substantial cultural and geographical variations in the transmission dynamics of HIV infection/AIDS. In the United States and Europe, for example, HIV infection/AIDS is predominantly evident among homosexual men and intravenous drug abusers. However, in Central Africa, the data indicate that HIV infections/AIDS is heterosexually acquired. Thus, the purpose of the present paper is to suggest some basic strategies and raise some critical issues for collecting data on sexual practices relevant to the transmission of HIV infection/AIDS throughout the world. Topics include assessment strategies, language and meta‐language, cross‐cultural and intra‐cultural comparability, general methodological issues, and constraints for the assessment of anal intercourse.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224499009551553

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Reliable empiric estimates of the prevalence and career longevity of prostitute women in the United States are not currently available. We analyze data from our continuous observation of such women in Colorado Springs, during nearly two decades, starting in 1970. Of the 1,022 prostitute women observed, 52.5% are classified as evanescent, 12.1% as short‐term, and 35.3% as long‐term residents. Comparison with police prostitution records suggests that our cohort represents about four‐fifths of“true”prevalence. The density of full‐time equivalent prostitutes (FTEPs) appears to be about 23 per 100,000 population. By extension to the nation, we estimate that an average of about 84,000 women, or about 59,000 FTEPs, worked as prostitutes in the United States annually during the 1980s. Our data suggest that prostitute women remain in prostitution for only a short time (about 4 or 5 years for long‐term prostitutes).

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224499009551554

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A questionnaire was used to access the effectiveness of a ten‐week university course on human sexuality in changing students' AIDS‐and fertility‐related behavior. The students' knowledge and behavior were evaluated (1) early in the class before there were any discussions or readings about sexual behavior, AIDS, or birth control and (2) three months later—approximately one month after completing the class. A randomly selected control group of students who did not take the class on sexuality was given the questionnaire at the same two points in time. Compared to the control group, the experimental group showed significant increases in knowledge about the likelihood of contracting the virus from one act of vaginal intercourse. The experimental group also reported increased worry about contracting AIDS from their sexual activity, while the control group did not. Further, compared with the control group, the experimental group increased certain cautious behaviors, such as being more selective in their choice of sexual partners and asking their partners more questions about their AIDS‐related behavior. However, the course didnotlead students to: 1) significantly increase their use of the condom or other forms of contraception, 2) decrease their number of sexual partners, or 3) spend a longer time getting to know new partners before engaging in sexual activity. Implications for sexual education are discussed.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224499009551555

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In order to assess the reliability and validity of two data collection instruments for measuring sexual practices in homosexual men, we administered a recall data collection instrument to 30 sexually active men, and a diary instrument to a subset of 19 participants. Each instrument covered a period of one month. For the recall instrument, the correlation coefficients between the test‐retest showed a good level of reliability for a number of infrequent sexual practices but was poor for frequent sexual practices. Correlation coefficients were calculated for sexual practices recorded in the first two and the second two weeks for both the recall and the diary. Generally, the level of agreement between the first and second two weeks for sexual practice data recorded in the diary was lower than the recall questionnaire. While the reliability of the recall method was found to be limited to certain sexual practices, it was concluded to be the most reliable and efficient method presently available for the collection of important high‐risk AIDS‐related sexual activities for a one‐month period.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224499009551556

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Despite the widespread use of the Barlow‐type electromechanical plethysmograph for monitoring changes in penile circumference, doubts have arisen about its sensitivity at large expansions. This study investigated the linearity of both a used and unused gauge over a wide range of standardized expansions. For both gauges, the relationship between electrical output and physical expansion was almost linear. A logarithmic 10 transformation on the physical expansion data did not for either gauge achieve perfect linearity. Contrary to suggestions in the literature, therefore, such a transformation is not required when using this gauge.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224499009551557

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A questionnaire concerning physical and mental health, religion, loneliness, sexual interest and activity (masturbation, sexual intercourse) was sent by post to 1,574 randomly chosen persons, between 60–80 years of age, in the larger Stockholm area. The main findings from this survey were: sexual interest and activity are present even in older ages (i.e., sixty‐one percent of the total group express their sexuality through intercourse, mutual sexual stimulation (other than intercourse), and masturbation). Also, men are significantly more sexual than women, in all ages and in all respects. However, sexual interest and activity decrease significantly in the higher ages (75–80 years), even though among married couples, almost one quarter of the subjects have intercourse at least sometime each month. Finally, in general, the religious respondents do not differ from the nonreligious respondents, either with respect to sexual interest, masturbation, or feelings of attraction to the same sex.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224499009551558

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This experiment tested the hypothesis that viewing an erotic demonstration of condom placement would affect a positive change in attitudes toward condoms and willingness to use them. It was expected that the effect would be mediated by erotophobia and gender. Subjects were classified as erotophobic or erotophilic and viewed a film that demonstrated either sex with condom use, sex without condom‐use, condom information without sex, or neutral subject material. Subjects were pre‐and post‐tested on the Attitude Toward Condoms Scale (Brown, 1984) and on willingness to use condoms. The results showed that those who viewed sex with condom‐use demonstrated a change in attitudes, regardless of gender or erotophobia classification. The discussion includes suggestions for increasing willingness to use condoms in men and the application of erotophobia to contraceptive attitudes and behavior.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224499009551559

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor