|
1. |
U.S. trends in feminine beauty and overadaptation |
|
The Journal of Sex Research,
Volume 22,
Issue 3,
1986,
Page 281-303
MazurAllan,
Preview
|
PDF (1167KB)
|
|
摘要:
Men place more importance on the physical attractiveness of women than women do on the physical attractiveness of men. As a result, women's social opportunities are more affected by their physical beauty than are men's, so that women are under more pressure to conform to an ideal of beauty. Although standards of female beauty are not as arbitrary as is sometimes claimed, they do vary greatly over time and across cultures. Modern institutions of advertising, retailing, and entertainment now produce vivid notions of beauty that change from year to year, placing stress upon women to conform to the body image currently in vogue. The best known of these beauty standards are the“bosom mania”of the 1950s and 1960s and the current trend toward slenderization. As women attempt to adapt to each of these changes, a minority overadapt, sometimes to the point of incapacitation. Among these over‐adaptations have been hysteria, early in the century, which was an exaggeration of the fragile feminine ideal of that time; bosom anxieties of the 1950s and 1960s, when women worried if their breasts were sufficiently large; and anorexia and bulimia today.
ISSN:0022-4499
DOI:10.1080/00224498609551309
出版商:Taylor&Francis Group
年代:1986
数据来源: Taylor
|
2. |
Premarital sexuality: A ten‐year study of attitudes and behavior on a small university campus |
|
The Journal of Sex Research,
Volume 22,
Issue 3,
1986,
Page 304-310
EarleJohnR.,
PerriconePhilipJ.,
Preview
|
PDF (368KB)
|
|
摘要:
Survey data from samples of undergraduates at a small Southern university indicate significant increases in rates of premarital intercourse, significant decreases in average age at first experience, and significant increases in average number of partners between 1970 and 1981. Although attitudes toward premarital intercourse and behavior (i.e., reported coitus) were interrelated, this relationship was significantly stronger for women (V= .676) than for men (V= .325). Although differences between men and women still exist, these differences are much more evident in attitudes than in behavior. Women are still more conservative than men in their attitudes toward the kinds of relationships in which premarital coitus is personally acceptable. Some explanations for this continuing ideological difference are presented.
ISSN:0022-4499
DOI:10.1080/00224498609551310
出版商:Taylor&Francis Group
年代:1986
数据来源: Taylor
|
3. |
Outcomes of sexually open marriages |
|
The Journal of Sex Research,
Volume 22,
Issue 3,
1986,
Page 311-319
RubinArlineM.,
AdamsJamesR.,
Preview
|
PDF (457KB)
|
|
摘要:
This study follows up a 1978 matched sample of 82 couples to find out if there were differences in marital stability between the sexually open and the sexually exclusive couples. In 1983 no statistically significant difference in marital stability was found. Of couples providing follow‐up data, 23 (68%) of the 34 sexually open couples and 32 (82%) of the 39 sexually exclusive couples were still together. Of the 23 couples who were sexually open in 1978, two couples had changed from a contract of sexual openness to one of sexual exclusivity; of the 32 couples originally exclusive, one couple changed in the interim to a sexually open marriage. In addition, data on marital happiness, extramarital sex, jealousy, changeableness, job change, and additional education are reported and a comparison between the two groups made. Differences between the two groups were found in number of people living in the household, job change, and additional education. Couples in the sexually open group were more likely to have either additional people or fewer people in their households. Both higher education for women and outside work for women were associated with marital instability, irrespective of group.
ISSN:0022-4499
DOI:10.1080/00224498609551311
出版商:Taylor&Francis Group
年代:1986
数据来源: Taylor
|
4. |
The role of sadism and peer pressure in the sexual aggression of male college students |
|
The Journal of Sex Research,
Volume 22,
Issue 3,
1986,
Page 320-332
HeilbrunAlfredB.,
LoftusMauraP.,
Preview
|
PDF (764KB)
|
|
摘要:
Two types of motivational models help explain sexual aggression in college men. Socialization models emphasize imperatives of the male sex role, whereas a sadistic model focuses on increased sexual stimulation from female distress. These models were evaluated by comparing the relationship between a measure of sexual sadism and the frequency of sexually aggressive episodes with the relationship between peer pressure for sexual intimacy and sexual aggression. College men's ratings of sexual attractiveness for a series of female faces registering both pleasant and distressed affects were used to measure sexual sadism. Results showed that 60% of the college men with a sexual sadism pattern reported repeated episodes of sexual aggression since the 10th grade, whereas only 29% of those not showing this pattern did so. Peer pressure was inversely related to repeated aggression; sexual aggressives reported less peer pressure than students who did not have a history of repeated aggression. These results are not only important because they identify a possible source of sexual aggression toward females but also because they encourage an interest in discovering how sexual and aggressive motives become fused in a significant proportion of normal males.
ISSN:0022-4499
DOI:10.1080/00224498609551312
出版商:Taylor&Francis Group
年代:1986
数据来源: Taylor
|
5. |
Vaginal reconstruction in gynecologic cancer: A feminist perspective |
|
The Journal of Sex Research,
Volume 22,
Issue 3,
1986,
Page 333-346
CairnsKathleenV.,
ValentichMary,
Preview
|
PDF (795KB)
|
|
摘要:
Vaginal reconstruction is a frequent accompaniment of or sequel to radical surgery for recurrent gynecologic cancers. After reviewing research on vaginal reconstruction, undertaken from a perspective which gives prominence to women's power over decisions concerning the use of their bodies and over the definition of their sexuality, we note that the psychosocial and sexual impact of such surgery for the patient and her partner has often been underestimated, ignored, or misunderstood. We discuss the need for vaginal reconstruction and the definition of its success in terms of researchers' Stereotypic attitudes and assumptions about female sexuality as these are exemplified in their research methodologies. This analysis raises serious concerns about what constitutes informed consent for reconstructive surgery, the medical professionals' biases about female sexuality concerning power over their own bodies, and how best to meet the sexual rehabilitation needs of women with gynecologic cancer.
ISSN:0022-4499
DOI:10.1080/00224498609551313
出版商:Taylor&Francis Group
年代:1986
数据来源: Taylor
|
6. |
Contraceptive self‐efficacy: A perspective on teenage girls' contraceptive behavior |
|
The Journal of Sex Research,
Volume 22,
Issue 3,
1986,
Page 347-369
LevinsonRuthAndrea,
Preview
|
PDF (1336KB)
|
|
摘要:
This research investigated the relationship between the social‐psychological theory of self‐efficacy and teenage girls' contraceptive behavior. Data were obtained from 258 female clients, aged 20 or younger, of a family planning clinic. Four factors were extracted from the contraceptive self‐efficacy (CSE) scale developed for this investigation. Regression analyses were used to determine whether CSE scores distinguished patterns of contraceptive use when the effects of the influential demographic, sexual experience, and psychosocial variables were controlled. Two of the four CSE factors contributed significantly new information in accounting for the variance in the contraceptive use measure, semipartialR= .26, semipartialR2(4, 163) = .07,p<.01. The relationship between study variables and the four CSE factor scores were examined in a canonical correlation analysis to understand better the characteristics of the contraceptively self‐efficacious teenager. The results support the proposition that girls with a high CSE orientation think that they should and can be responsible for their sexual activity and act accordingly to achieve contraceptive protection. Girls with a low CSE orientation may be ineffective contraceptors, because they experience conflict regarding their strong sexual feelings and activities. Implications for interventions are discussed.
ISSN:0022-4499
DOI:10.1080/00224498609551314
出版商:Taylor&Francis Group
年代:1986
数据来源: Taylor
|
7. |
Country music sex songs: An Ethnomusicological account |
|
The Journal of Sex Research,
Volume 22,
Issue 3,
1986,
Page 370-378
ArmstrongEdwardG.,
Preview
|
PDF (538KB)
|
|
ISSN:0022-4499
DOI:10.1080/00224498609551315
出版商:Taylor&Francis Group
年代:1986
数据来源: Taylor
|
8. |
Exposure to pornography and attitudes about women and rape: A correlational study |
|
The Journal of Sex Research,
Volume 22,
Issue 3,
1986,
Page 378-385
GarciaLuisT.,
Preview
|
PDF (491KB)
|
|
ISSN:0022-4499
DOI:10.1080/00224498609551316
出版商:Taylor&Francis Group
年代:1986
数据来源: Taylor
|
9. |
An updated longitudinal content analysis of sex references in mass circulation magazines |
|
The Journal of Sex Research,
Volume 22,
Issue 3,
1986,
Page 385-392
ScottJosephE.,
Preview
|
PDF (471KB)
|
|
ISSN:0022-4499
DOI:10.1080/00224498609551317
出版商:Taylor&Francis Group
年代:1986
数据来源: Taylor
|
10. |
Naming sexual body parts: Preliminary patterns and implications |
|
The Journal of Sex Research,
Volume 22,
Issue 3,
1986,
Page 393-398
CornogMartha,
Preview
|
PDF (354KB)
|
|
ISSN:0022-4499
DOI:10.1080/00224498609551318
出版商:Taylor&Francis Group
年代:1986
数据来源: Taylor
|
|