摘要:

Areas of empirical strength for socialization and sociobiology theories are critically reviewed. Sociobiology has little to say about erotic mechanisms that are uniquely human, though ethology has begun to address the question through cross‐cultural research. The areas of incest avoidance and connections between sex and aggression are viewed as unsubstantiated, either theoretically or empirically. A connection between sex and love is viewed as more likely, and survey, though not laboratory, research supports it. A classical conditioning theory of sexuality is presented, and its relevance to constructs of socialization theory is sketched. Empirical data relevant to sociobiological analyses of sex differences in sexuality are reviewed. Human size dimorphism is as yet not clearly interpretable. The research paradigms of aberrant hormone effects and response to novelty have not yielded clear or compelling data to date. Results from survey research about homosexual lifestyles and the details of sex differences continue to strongly support sociobiological analyses

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224498509551275

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Research into sexuality has been severely handicapped because of public ambivalence about sex. This ambivalence has often led to the stigmatizing of those individuals who have engaged in sex research. This paper briefly surveys such stigmatization in the United States during the 19th and 20th centuries and then gives a personal example

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224498509551276

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In this paper the literature on four types of sexual enhancement programs for nondysfunctional couples is evaluated. The LoPiccolo and Miller (1978) program emphasizes education, behavioral homework, attitude change, specific skill training, open and honest sexual communication, direct interpersonal feedback, and a focus on the here and now. Sexual Attitude Restructuring programs advocate group discussion and didactic, multi‐media presentations as the most efficacious means of dealing with attitudinal distortions and misinformation. The program of Travis and Travis (1975) has broader aims than either of the aforementioned. It encourages self‐actualization and interpersonal growth via action‐oriented experiences in communication, fantasy, sensory awareness, and role‐playing. Finally, the program of Kaufman and Krupka (1975) aims to better communication, increase intimacy and sharing, and to expand each partner's awareness of self and mate as sexual beings. Despite the fact that nearly all the investigators of the various types of sexual enhancement programs claim to find positive results of one kind or another, upon closer examination, the empirical support for these claims are often found to be lacking. Specific methodological weaknesses of the reviewed programs are mentioned, and the suggestion is made that future research in this area might benefit from a concentration of efforts to determine the critical components of existing programs. A number of other suggestions for future researchers to pursue are also offered

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224498509551277

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In recent publications, Reiss has proposed three sexual ideologies that he believes represent major belief patterns of U.S. sexual attitudes: Traditional Romantic, Modern Naturalistic, and Abstinence. Reiss claims that adherents of each ideology would have predictable beliefs in the following four areas of public controversy: (a) abortion, (b) genetic differences between the sexes, (c) pornography, and (d) sexual normality. A 92‐item Likert format questionnaire, containing 16 scales constructed to measure both ideology and substantive beliefs, was administered to a sample of 259 students and 136 nonstudents. Using measures of ideology tenet belief as the clustering variables, four patterns of tenet and substantive area belief were identified. Two of these patterns corresponded to Reiss' Modern Naturalistic and Abstinence ideologies. The remaining two patterns, one popular with women and one with men, appear to be either separate ideologies or transitional patterns leading to acceptance of the Modern Naturalistic Ideology.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224498509551278

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A behavioral‐analytic assessment strategy (Goldfried&D'Zurilla, 1969) was used to construct contraceptive problem situations representative of social interaction tasks which were postulated by Byrne (1983) as antecedent to the use of birth control. This study tested the hypothesis that differences in social skills (of rights assertion and expression of positive thoughts and feelings) are related to the effectiveness of participants' role‐play responses in contraceptive problem situations. A sample of 87 students (45 females and 42 males), all active daters, served as anonymous participants. Partial correlation procedures, in which variance due to knowledge of birth control was controlled, revealed that the positive self‐expression skill related to effectiveness for both sexes in initiating conversations about contraception topics. The rights assertion skill related to ability for both sexes to inquire about and request contraceptive materials from a druggist. Although both types of social skills were expected to relate to effectiveness in discussing birth control issues with a dating partner, results were less consistent for these situations. Both conceptual and methodological limitations are discussed as well as implications for the application of social skills training in human sexuality programs.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224498509551279

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224498509551280

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224498509551281

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

GEORG SIMMEL: ON WOMEN, SEXUALITY, AND LOVE. Georg Simmel. Translated and with an introduction by Guy Oakes. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1984; 194 pages; $20.00.LESBIAN NUNS: BREAKING SILENCE. Rosemary Curb and Nancy Manahan (Eds.). Tallahassee, FL: Naiad Press, 1985; 383 pages; $16.95, $9.95 (paper).SEXUAL CHOICE: A WOMAN'S DECISION. Heather Trexler Remoff. New York: Dutton/Lewis, 1984; 219 pages; $15.95.SWEPT AWAY: WHY WOMEN FEAR THEIR OWN SEXUALITY. Carol Cassell. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1984; 206 pages; extensive notes and bibliography; no index; $14.95.SWEPT AWAY: WHY WOMEN PEAR THEIR OWN SEXUALITY. Carol Cassell. New York: Simon&Schuster, 1984. 206 pages; $14.95.SEXUAL CHOICE: A WOMAN'S DECISION. Heather Trexler Remoff. New York: Dutton/Lewis, 1984; 219 pages; $15.95.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224498509551282

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224498509551283

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224498509551274

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor