摘要:

Estimates of the prevalence of male‐male sexual contact are derived using data from five probability surveys conducted between 1970 and 1990. Estimated minimums of 5 to 7 percent of U.S. men report some same‐gender sexual contact during adulthood. Because of the likelihood of underreporting, these estimates might be considered lower bounds on the actual prevalence of such contact. Estimates show relatively little variation across social and demographic subgroups with the major exception that higher prevalence is reported among never‐married men, particularly those 35 and older. Some lesser variations are also found by service in the military, current residence, and current religious affiliation. Fragmentary evidence from these surveys suggests that some men may have episodic male‐male contact in adulthood while other men may have a relatively consistent and exclusive pattern of same‐gender contacts. Only one‐quarter to one‐half of the U.S. men who report male‐male contacts in adulthood also report having had such contacts during the preceding 12 months. In addition, the majority of men reporting same‐gender contacts in adulthood also report some male‐female contacts. Among men reporting same‐gender contacts in the preceding 12 months, however, the majority report exclusively male sexual contacts throughout adulthood. Potential implications of these findings for HIV prevention and research are discussed.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224499109551621

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

China's HIV epidemic is now a growing reality, yet there is virtually no evidence of it in the HIV/AIDS literature. This report documents ethnographic and epidemiologic findings from field visits conducted in Beijing, Chengdu, and Kunming; the latter in Yunnan province, site of China's most severe nidus of HIV infection. This report also elaborates those cultural, social, and political factors involved in China's attempt to manage its growing HIV epidemic. Contemporary attitudes toward sexuality in China which impinge upon such management, as revealed through ethnographic interviews, are reviewed. Data from the First Sino‐American Management of HIV Disease Symposium (to which the author was a delegate) are also blended with the ethnographic material to further clarify the cultural and epidemiologic status of HIV/AIDS in China. It is the conclusion of this report that HIV/AIDS and its management pose a transforming, ineluctable challenge to China's traditional attitudes toward sexuality.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224499109551622

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The objectives of this paper are to review previous research on methods for data collection and to report experience in collecting data, on the sexual behavior of urban low‐income, African American and Hispanic youth. The results of this review indicate that data on sexual behavior in these populations can be collected in face‐to‐face interviews, and clinical language can be used to ask questions about intercourse. However, anal intercourse may be a sensitive topic for both males and females in these populations, and oral intercourse is a sensitive topic for females. Finally, particular care must be taken in interviews with Hispanic women because of their greater sensitivity about topics involving sexuality and menstruation.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224499109551623

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Penile plethysmography is considered a promising procedure for the assessment of sexual arousal and orientation. However, the discovery that some individuals are capable of invalidating the results of the test has raised concerns about its limitations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a signal detection task in eliminating faking. Additionally, the effect of an incentive on the ability to fake on penile plethysmography was evaluated. A total of 32 heterosexual subjects participated in the study and 11 homosexual subjects were involved in the replication phase. Overall, subjects evidenced a significant ability to suppress erections to preferred sexual stimuli. The incentive did not affect performance. The signal detection procedure appeared to interfere with erection under standard instructions but did not significantly reduce faking ability. As predicted, there was a tendency for recognition scores to be lower under faking conditions. Intensive cognitive processing may facilitate (rather than eliminate) faking and enhance recall of test stimuli.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224499109551624

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper describes the sexual behaviors of 101 male clients with female street prostitutes. An earlier study (Freund, Leonard,&Lee, 1989) was limited to sexual behaviors of street prostitutes themselves. Interviews were given by 62% of the clients approached. The clients were mature men (mean = 39.8 years), long‐term residents of Camden, NJ (mean = 19.2 years), and currently or previously married (78/101). Racial composition was similar to the general population of the area, 65% white, 33% black, 2% Asian. Clients reported a mean of 5.3 years of using prostitution, with 81% having been clients of Camden prostitutes for more than a year. Most were regular (or repeat) clients; 93% monthly or more frequently, and 63% weekly or more frequently. About one‐half (55%) reported sex with the same prostitute or same small group of prostitutes. The primary meeting place was the street (78/101) and 43% of the sexual encounters took place in the clients' cars. Ejaculation into the vagina was most frequently reported (43/101), followed by ejaculation into the mouth (39/101) Reports of condom use were substantial; 72% for vaginal and 33% for oral intercourse (mean = 58% of encounters).

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224499109551625

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

“Rigor”is a term which has been used in sexology to imply that there is a hierarchy of methodologies and approaches to sex research. This paper argues that“rigor”is actually a term used rhetorically in an attempt to achieve professional legitimacy in a field perennially threatened because of its politically relevant subject matter. Rather than worry about a seat at the table, we need to look more towards the postmodern richness of diverse and even contradictory standards and approaches to sex research to reveal the range and depth of our subject matter. Recent issues ofJSRintroducing feminist perspectives offer examples of the range of work which should be acceptable to those interested more in intellectual challenge and quality than traditional respectability.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224499109551626

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In the November 1991 issue ofThe Journal of Sex Research, Tiefer (1991) provides a critique of a recent article of mine about sexual science (Abramson, 1990). The present paper is a brief reply to Tiefer. This paper notes the contribution that Tiefer makes about methodological diversity. Additionally, this paper suggests alternative viewpoints about the personal nature of Tiefer's critique, the necessity for polarizing sexual science and feminist perspectives, and the definition of rigorous. In the conclusion, sexual science is briefly restated.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224499109551627

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper reviews the psychological and medical literature from 1970–1989 on controlled treatment studies of hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD). A marked lack of scientifically adequate treatment studies was identified. Specific recommendations for future research in this area are made, including the use of operationally defined diagnostic criteria, thorough medical screening prior to study entry, use of adequate controls, appropriate group matching on prognostic variables, and use of“blind”rating of outcome by both subject and rater wherever possible. Additional research and treatment issues are discussed.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224499109551628

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor