摘要:

The spread of Classical Swine Fever (CSF) virus (strain Lorraine), originally isolated in the first CSF infected herd of the 1993–1994 Belgian epizootic, was examined in an isolation unit with three adjacent pens and 15 weaner pigs per pen. Virus was introduced through experimental inoculation of one weaner pig in the middle pen (pen 2). The experimentally inoculated pig became viraemic 4 days post‐inoculation (dpi) and the pen mates at 12 (n = 9) and 14 dpi (n = 5). The first viraemia in pens 1 and 3 was observed 18 dpi. Pigs were found to be seropositive in pens 1, 2, and 3 from 24, 20, and 22 dpi onwards, respectively. The reproduction ratio (R0) for the pigs in pen 2, estimated according to the martingale method, was 81.3 (s.e. = 109.54). The rate ratio (Cox proportional hazard) of the first pigs to become viraemic in pen 3 (airborne contact plus contact via contaminated clothing and footwear with pen 2) versus pen 1 (airborne contact with pen 2 only) was 1.60 (P = 0.3342). Thus, the additional contact of contaminated clothing did not affect transmission of the CSF virus. The survivor function (Kaplan‐Meier survival analysis) did not significantly differ per pen. The time from first detection of virus in plasma to death was not significantly different between pens. The mean rectal temperature of pigs in a pen increased 3 to 4 days prior to detection of virus.

ISSN:0165-2176    

DOI:10.1080/01652176.1998.9694836

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In a companion paper a logistic regression model of seroprevalence over time was developed on the basis of data obtained during an experimental infection of weaner pigs with classical swine fever (CSF) virus. The model was applied to seroprevalence data from three outbreaks of the 1993–1994 epizootic to test whether the model could predict correctly the day of virus introduction into the herd. It was concluded that the logistic regression model has potential as a tool to estimate in retrospect the day CSF virus was introduced into a pig herd, which in turn may assist in identification of risk factors implicated in the further spread of the disease.

ISSN:0165-2176    

DOI:10.1080/01652176.1998.9694837

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The immunogenic proteins of cells infected with the alpha‐or the gamma‐herpesvirus of seals, phocid herpesvirus‐1 and ‐2 (PhHV‐1, ‐2), were examined in radioimmunoprecipitation assays as a further step towards the development of a PhHV‐1 vaccine. With sera obtained from convalescent seals of different species or murine monoclonal antibodies (Mabs), at least seven virus‐induced glycoproteins were detected in lysates of PhHV‐1‐infected CrFK cells. A presumably disulphide‐linked complex composed of glycoproteins of 59, 67 and 113/120 kDa, expressed on the surface of infected cells, was characterized as a major immunogenic infected cell protein of PhHV‐1. This glycoprotein complex has previously been identified as the proteolytically cleavable glycoprotein B homologue of PhHV‐1 (14). At least three distinct neutralization‐relevant epitopes were operationally mapped, by using Mabs, on the glycoprotein B of PhHV‐1. Among the infected cell proteins of the antigenically closely related feline and canine herpesvirus, the glycoprotein B equivalent proved to be the most highly conserved glycoprotein. Sera obtained from different seal species from Arctic, Antarctic, and European habitats did not precipitate uniform patterns of infected cell proteins from PhHV‐1‐infected cell lysates although similar titres of neutralizing antibodies were displayed. Thus, antigenic differences among the alphaherpesvirus species prevalent in the different pinniped populations cannot be excluded. PhHV‐2 displayed a different pattern of infected cell proteins and only limited cross‐reactivity to PhHV‐1 at the protein level was detected, which is in line with its previous classification as a distinct species, based on nucleotide sequence analysis, of the gammaherpesvirus lineage. A Mab raised against PhHV‐2 and specific for a major glycoprotein of 117 kDa, cross reacted with the glycoprotein B of PhHV‐1. The 117‐kDa glycoprotein could represent the uncleaved PhHV‐2 glycoprotein B homologue.

ISSN:0165-2176    

DOI:10.1080/01652176.1998.9694838

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In a 10‐year‐old ovariohysterectomized standard Schnauzer, the finding of dexamethasone‐resistant hypersecretion of cortisol, the results of computed tomography, and elevated plasma concentrations of ACTH suggested the presence of both adrenocortical tumour and pituitary‐dependent hyperadrenocorticism. The dog made an uneventful recovery after bilateral adrenalectomy and remained in good health for 31/2 years with substitution for the induced hypoadrenocorticism. Then the enlarged pituitary caused neurological signs and eventually euthanasia was performed. The surgically excised right adrenal contained a well‐circumscribed tumour of differentiated adrenocortical tissue and in the left adrenal there were two adrenocortical tumours and a pheochromocytoma. The unaffected parts of the adrenal cortices were well developed and without regressive transformation. At necropsy there were no metastatic lesions. The cells of the pituitary tumour were immunopositive for ACTH and had characteristics of malignancy.

ISSN:0165-2176    

DOI:10.1080/01652176.1998.9694839

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This study was carried out to determine the concentrations of sulfadoxine and trimethoprim in plasma, lymph, and some tissues in goats after administration of a single recommended therapeutic dose. Five healthy, adult Angora goats were used. The drug combination, containing 200 mg sulfadoxine and 40 mg trimethoprim per millilitre, was given as a single IM injection at the recommended dose level, 15 mg/kg body weight for sulfadoxine and 3 mg/kg body weight for trimethoprim. The goats were slaughtered 24 hours after drug administration and samples were taken from liver, bone marrow, pelvic limb muscles, hepatic, thoracic duct, and the pelvic limb lymph fluids for analysis of drug concentrations by HPLC.

ISSN:0165-2176    

DOI:10.1080/01652176.1998.9694840

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The efficacy of two inactivated vaccines containing the Apx toxins ofActinobacillus pleuropneunwniae(Hemopig™, Biokema, Lausanne, Switzerland and Porcilis™ App, Intervet, Boxmeer, the Netherlands) was determined. Ten pigs were vaccinated twice with Hemopig™ and eight pigs with Porcilis™ App. Ten control animals were injected twice with a saline solution. Three weeks after the second vaccination, all pigs were endobronchially inoculated with 10’ colony‐forming units (CFU) of anA. pleuropneumoniaeserotype 9 strain. Increased respiratory rate and/or fever were observed in all vaccinated and control pigs after challenge. One pig of the Hemopig™ group and of the Porcilis™ App group died, whereas all pigs of the control group survived the challenge. Surviving pigs were killed at 7 days after challenge. The mean percentage of affected lung tissue was 34% in the control group, 16% in the Hemopig™ group, and 17% in the Porcilis™ App group.A. pleuropneumoniaewas isolated from the lungs of all 10 control animals, from 7 of the 10 animals vaccinated with Hemopig™ and from 5 of the 8 animals vaccinated with Porcilis™ App. The mean bacterial titres of the caudal lung lobes were 1.4×106CFU/g in the control group, 1.7×103CFU/g in the Hemopig™ group, and 4.8×103CFU/g in the Porcilis™ App group. In both vaccinated groups the mean number of days with dyspnoea, the mean number of days with fever, the mean percentage of affected lung tissue, and the mean bacterial titre in the caudal lung lobes were significantly lower than in the control group. Significant differences between the two vaccinated groups were not observed. It was concluded that both vaccines induced partial protection.

ISSN:0165-2176    

DOI:10.1080/01652176.1998.9694841

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The anthelmintic efficacy and safety of the oxibendazole component in a combination oxibendazole‐niclosamide paste were investigated in dogs and cats and in litters of pups with naturally acquired nematode infections. A single dose of 15 mg oxibendazole/kg body weight given to 70 dogs and to 29 cats reduced faecal worm egg counts (EPG) by 97.6% forToxocara canis, 95.7% forTrichuris vulpis, 94.6% forAncylostoma caninum, and 100% forToxascaris leonina. In cats, 96.7% efficacy was demonstrated againstToxocara cati. In a second trial, 119 pups in 22 litters were treated with the same dosage at 2, 4, and 6 weeks of age. After treatment on two consecutive days, 95% of the pups did not shedT. caniseggs, compared with 85% after only a single treatment. Side effects were rare and only recorded in young animals. A 2‐day treatment schedule is recommended for unweaned pups.

ISSN:0165-2176    

DOI:10.1080/01652176.1998.9694842

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A 18‐year‐old Dutch Warmblood mare was referred for colic. Upon arrival, lethargy, blindness, head pressing, ataxia, and circling were the main clinical signs. On rectal examination a hard mass and oedema around the cranial mesenteric artery were palpated. Plasma liver enzyme activities and the ammonia level were elevated. Atrial fibrillation with a pulse frequency of 36–52 beats per minute was noticed. On both sides a holosystolic murmer with the maximum intensity on the right side could be auscultated. Postmortem examination revealed eccentric hypertrophy of the right atrium and a pale spotted myocardium, most prominently of the right ventricle, with secondary venous congestion of the azygos and mesenteric veins. The liver changes were indicative of chronic congestion. Despite the normal pulse rate, it appeared that congestive heart failure due to cardiomyopathy, was responsible for the presenting symptoms of this patient.

ISSN:0165-2176    

DOI:10.1080/01652176.1998.9694843

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0165-2176    

DOI:10.1080/01652176.1998.9694844

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor