摘要:

Flurbiprofen, a potent NSAID, was given as an intravenous infusion (1mg/kg) to dwarf goats. After drug administration, no significant changes were observed in heart rate and rumen motility, whereas rectal temperature increased slightly; mean plasma glucose and creatinine concentrations gradually increased during the observation period. Plasma iron concentration and the number of circulating lymphocytes were significantly lower after flurbiprofen infusion. Intravenous injection of recombinant human interleukin ‐ 1 alpha (r.HuIL‐1α: 0.5μg/kg) caused shivering, fever, inhibition of rumen contractions, tachycardia, hypoferraemia, hypozincaemia, hyperglycaemia followed by hypoglycaemia, changes in plasma urea and creatinine values, lymphopaenia and neutropaenia followed by neutrophylic leukocytosis. Pretreatment with flurbiprofen partly antagonized the febrile reactions to r.HuIL‐1α. The r.HuIL‐1α‐ induced tachycardia and inhibition of rumen contractions were only delayed. The drug prevented the initial hyperglycaemia but did not abolish the secondary hypoglycaemia. Furthermore, flurbiprofen delayed the decline in plasma zinc and iron concentrations, whereas plasma creatinine values were significantly lower. Finally, after drug pretreatment the changes in circulating neutrophils were more pronounced. These data demonstrate that most of the haematological, blood biochemical, and clinical effects of r.HulL‐1α cannot be blocked by flurbiprofen, suggesting that an increased synthesis of prostaglandins is not involved in these r.HulL‐1α‐induced effects.

ISSN:0165-2176    

DOI:10.1080/01652176.1994.9694405

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Medetomidine, anα‐2 agonist, was tested for the sedation of wild boar (Sus scrofa) (n = 6) and red deer (Cervus elaphus) (n 7). The effectivity of this drug and the dose required for handling, blood sampling, and minor surgery were established for both species. In addition the effect of medetomidine sedation on haematological and serum biochemical variables was studied. All animals used were clinically normal females aged approximately 1.5 years. The minimal dose required to sedate a wild boar was 80 μg/kg (i.m.). The induction time was 35–50 min, and the sedation time was between 40 and 55 min; however, the sedation was insufficient. The minimal dose required for red deer was 80 μg/kg (i.m.). Blood sampling and minor surgery could be carried out without any problem. The induction time was 21–29 min and the sedation time was between 120 and 210 min. The a‐2 antagonist atipamezole (300 μg/kg) was effective in reversing sedation, with recovery occurring between 3 and 9 min. Medetomidine sedation influenced the blood composition of wild boar. Haemoglobin and packed cell volume decreased by about 20 % (P < 0.002), total serum protein content decreased slightly (P = 0.011), and the glucose concentration nearly doubled (P = 0.002).

ISSN:0165-2176    

DOI:10.1080/01652176.1994.9694406

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

One hundred and ninety nineActinobacillus pleuropneumoniaeisolates obtained from the respiratory tract of pigs in Belgium (1991–1992) were serotyped using slide agglutination and slide precipitation tests. Biotype 1‐ serotype 2 and 3 strains were isolated most frequently and represented 36% and 21% of the isolates, respectively.

ISSN:0165-2176    

DOI:10.1080/01652176.1994.9694407

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This study examined the effects of plasma α1‐acid glycoprotein (AGP) on the protein binding and pharmacokinetics of trimethoprim (TMP) in piglets. The piglets were given 5 mg/kg of TMP intravenously at 1, 14 and 28 days after birth. The plasma AGP level was highest at day 1. Fourteen days after birth, the level decreased by about 90% of that at day 1. The level at 28 days was almost the same as that at 14 days. Plasma protein bindings of TMP depended on the AGP level but not on the albumin level. The percentage of plasma protein binding decreased from 85 to 45%, and the AGP level also decreased from 6,000 to 700 μg/ml. The altered protein binding of TMP affected pharmacokinetic parameters such as total body clearance (CLtot), distribution volume and therefore the elimination rate constant. These parameters correlated well with the percentage binding to plasma proteins. Maturational development in the capacity to eliminate TMP was also indicated by the increase in total body clearance of unbound drug (CLtotub), which directly reflects the elimination capacity of the body. However, its contribution to the increase in CLtotwas considered not to be large. CLtotubincreased twofold 14 days after birth, whereas CLtotincreased about ninefold. The increase in CLtottherefore, may result from both the maturational development in elimination capacity and the AGP‐dependent decrease in plasma protein binding. It is concluded that the decrease in plasma AGP level obsered in piglets is one of major factors affecting the pharmacokinetics of TMP.

ISSN:0165-2176    

DOI:10.1080/01652176.1994.9694408

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In the Netherlands veal carcasses are classified according to colour with the aid of a colour scale. The colour scale, existing of five coloured chips, and the results of its application in the classification system were evaluated both theoretically and practically. The result was that theoretically 75 % of the samples were assigned to the same and 25 % to a different colour class when assessed by two people. In practice the standardized colour classification of veal in the Netherlands is carried out 45 min post mortem by an independent organization, the ‘Centraal Bureau voor Slachtveediensten’ (CBS). The correlation coefficient of the results of parallel classifications of 12, 659 carcasses between CBS employees and inspectors was 0.88. The CBS employees assigned 80.1 % of the carcasses to the same colour class, 10.5 % to a colour that was one class lighter and 9.4 % to a colour that was one class darker than the inspectors did.

ISSN:0165-2176    

DOI:10.1080/01652176.1994.9694409

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The concentrations of the acute‐phase proteins, serum amyloid‐A (SAA) and haptoglobin (Hp), were determined in the plasma of healthy cows (n=25) and cows with spontaneous acute (n=6), subacute (n=37), or chronic (n=7) inflammatory diseases. The plasma concentration of SAA alone, Hp alone, and the Hp/SAA ratio, differed significantly (p<0.001) between healthy animals and animals with inflammatory diseases. Plasma Hp concentrations in the group of cows with acute inflammatory diseases were significantly (p<0.01) different from those in the group with chronic inflammatory diseases. Moreover, the Hp/SAA ratio in chronic inflammatory diseases was significantly different from this ratio in acute (p<0.01) and subacute (p<0.05) inflammatory diseases. It is therefore concluded that the plasma concentrations of SAA and Hp and the Hp/SAA ratio are useful parameters to distinguish healthy animals from animals with inflammation and can be helpful in distinguishing between acute and chronic of inflammatory diseases.

ISSN:0165-2176    

DOI:10.1080/01652176.1994.9694410

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Five female Holstein‐Friesian calves were clinically suspected of suffering from Bovine Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency (BLAD), because of multiple recurrent infections and persistent leucocytosis. The diagnosis was established by a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique, by which a point mutation in the DNA encoding for the CD18 allele was detected. The animals either died spontaneously or were killed because of incurable life threatening infections.

ISSN:0165-2176    

DOI:10.1080/01652176.1994.9694411

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The clinical course of Bovine Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency (BLAD) in eight Holstein Friesian cattle is described. Affected animals were presented with a history of poor thriving and recurrent bacterial infections. Five of these animals had to be killed because of severe respiratory disease shortly after admittance. Three affected animals survived calfhood only as a result of frequent antibacterial treatments. At one year of age, failure to thrive and stunted growth were still evident, but infections requiring antibiotic treatments occurred only sporadically. Clinical manifestations of BLAD were found in the digestive system (gingivitis, periodontitis, alveolar periostitis, diarrhoea), the respiratory system and the skin (impaired wound healing, chronic dermatitis).

ISSN:0165-2176    

DOI:10.1080/01652176.1994.9694412

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

To get a better insight into the oral bioavailability of sulphonamides in ruminants, sulphamethoxydiazine (pKa 7.0), sulphathiazole (pKa 7.2), and sulphamoxole (pKa 7.4) were administered to dwarf goats (n=5). The drugs were given at 2‐week intervals by the intravenous or intraruminal route at a dose of 100 mg per kg body weight.

ISSN:0165-2176    

DOI:10.1080/01652176.1994.9694413

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In this review the literature on the pathogenesis and histopathological features ofChlamydia psittaciinfections in birds and their significance for psittacosis/ornithosis in humans is summarized. Models of experimental infections to elucidate the pathogenicity of avian strains are discussed briefly.

ISSN:0165-2176    

DOI:10.1080/01652176.1994.9694414

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor