摘要:

We attempted to determine what factors were common to catteries with highBartonella henselaeantibody prevalence compared with catteries with low prevalence, in order to contribute to better guidelines for the choice of a safe pet cat. The overall seroprevalence in 11 catteries from diverse geographical locations in North America in the present study was 35.8%. There was evidence ofB. henselaeexposure in all 11 homes tested, with 5 catteries being heavily infected. The distribution ofB. henselaeexposure was bimodal in catteries: either most or all cats in the home had been exposed, or very few or no cats had been exposed. Prevalence per home was also correlated with the home mean antibody titre. Flea infestation was the most important risk factor for highB. henselaeseroprevalence in the catteries we surveyed. Individual cat titres were comparable for male and female cats, cats of various ages, and cats with concurrent infectious diseases. There was no association ofB. henselaewith cattery size, husbandry practices, presence or absence of rescued cats, dog ownership, attending cat shows, routine visits to a veterinarian, and outside travel. In summary, cattery cats can be easily identified as high or low risk to new potential cat owners.

ISSN:0165-2176    

DOI:10.1080/01652176.1998.9694824

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Feather pecking and cannibalism are obviously detrimental to birds’ welfare. Moreover, the introduction of alternatives to battery cage housing of laying hens is seriously hampered by these behaviours. Our experimental work reviewed here supports the hypothesis that feather pecking evolves as redirected ground pecking. Thus the main practical strategy to prevent feather pecking and cannibalism is to provide an adequate substrate throughout life, from the start of the rearing period onwards. However, no strategy guarantees that feather pecking will not develop in practical poultry husbandry and beak trimming may be required in specific cases to prevent the risk of greater welfare problems caused by cannibalism. Studies in birds showing differrent propensities for feather pecking may lead to a better understanding of the processes underlying feather pecking as well as providing simple procedures to select strains of birds in which the incidence of feather pecking and cannibalism is low.

ISSN:0165-2176    

DOI:10.1080/01652176.1998.9694825

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Faecal samples from 225 adults cats and 112 kittens and dust and soil samples from 25 catteries in the Netherlands were examined forToxocaraeggs. The results of this survey showed a low nematode infection rate in the investigated Dutch catteries since only four adult cats (2%) from two catteries (8%) were found to shedToxocara catieggs. No other helminth eggs were seen in the faecal samples. Nematode eggs were not present in the environmental dust and soil samples from houses and kennels; onlyDipylidium caninumeggs were found in only two samples of household dust.

ISSN:0165-2176    

DOI:10.1080/01652176.1998.9694826

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Faecal samples from 286 adult dogs and 159 pups and dust and soil samples from 32 dog breeding kennels in the Netherlands were examined for nematode eggs. Dogs that shed nematode eggs were found in 41% of the kennels. The kennel prevalence of nematode infection of adult dogs was 33%. The kennel prevalence for infection of adult dogs and pups with nematode species was 21% and 48% forToxocara canis, respectively, 29% and 0% forTrichuris vulpis, and 20% and 0% forToxascaris leonina. Kennels with more than two litters per year and with regular import of new animals had a significantly higher prevalence ofT. canis(p<0.01 and p<0.05 respectively).T. vulpisinfections in adult dogs occurred significantly more often in kennels that used deworming products other than benzimidazoles (p<0.05). EmbryonatedT. canisova were recovered from 20% of the house and kennel dust samples and from 50% of the soil samples. This survey shows that the nematode infection rate in dog breeding kennels is high. Better deworming strategies should be used to improve the health status of the dogs and to reduce the risk of zoonotic infection in humans.

ISSN:0165-2176    

DOI:10.1080/01652176.1998.9694827

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The reappearance of strongyle eggs in the faeces of horses treated with moxidectin (0.4 mg/kg of body weight) was compared with that in the faeces of horses treated with ivermectin (0.2 mg/kg of body weight). The study was performed from December 1995 till June 1996. Horses were infected naturally in the preceding grazing period. Two groups of 24 horses each were treated with moxidectin and ivermectin respectively at week 0. No side effects were seen after treatment. Horses were housed from week ‐1 till week 17. From week 17 onwards the horses were on pasture. Faecal samples were taken from each horse at week ‐1, week 0 and weekly from week 3 to week 25. The ivermectin treated horses had to be retreated in week 17 to prevent pasture contamination. For this reason this group was withdrawn from the trial in week 17. Individual faecal egg counts and group faecal cultures and larval differentiation were performed. In the ivermectin treated group strongyle eggs were seen for the first time after treatment in week 8. A steady rise in the mean number of eggs per gram faeces (EPG) was seen from week 8 till week 15. After week 15 a plateau was reached. In the moxidectin treated group mean egg counts remained very low throughout the study. A plateau was reached in week 19, with egg counts varying from 10 to 30 EPG between week 19 and week 25. The difference between the egg output after moxidectin‐ and lvertnectin treatments can be explained by a higher efficacy of moxidectin against mucosal stages or by a longer residual effect of moxidectin than ivermectin.

ISSN:0165-2176    

DOI:10.1080/01652176.1998.9694828

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Digital analysis of liver ultrasound images (USGs) was compared to histological and serum enzyme activity results in dogs with steroid‐induced hepatopathy. Steroid hepatopathy was used as a model for diffuse liver diseases.

ISSN:0165-2176    

DOI:10.1080/01652176.1998.9694829

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Treatment of left displaced abomasum by rolling a cow led to mesenteric torsion. In order to pre‐empt possible veterinary surgeon liability claims following such an outcome of treatment, it is necessary to inform the owner of the poor prognosis and risks of this treatment.

ISSN:0165-2176    

DOI:10.1080/01652176.1998.9694830

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The plasma concentration, plasma half‐life (t1/2), and mean residence time (MRT) of rodenticide anticoagulants were determined in 21 dogs in which a preliminary diagnosis of anticoagulant rodenticide poisoning had been made. Brodifacoum, difethialone, and difenacoum were detected by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in the plasma of 13, 3, and 2 dogs, respectively. At presentation the plasma concentration ranged from below the detection limit (10 ng/L) to 851 ng/L. Toxin could not be detected in 3 dogs, despite these animals showing characteristic coagulation disturbances and a positive response to therapy with vitamin K1.

ISSN:0165-2176    

DOI:10.1080/01652176.1998.9694831

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Seventeen dogs with mast cell tumours received chemotherapy. Fifteen dogs were treated with a vineristine, cyclophosphamide, hydroxyurea, and prednisolone (VCHP) regimen. Seven of these were later switched to doxyrubicin and prednisolone either because they stopped responding or because they did not respond from the start of the treatment. Two dogs received the latter regimen as the primary therapy. All dogs were treated with cimitidine and metoclopramide to minimize the effect of paraneoplastic syndrome associated with histamine release. Ten of the 17 dogs were found to respond (4/17 complete response (CR), 6/17 partial response (PR)). Response duration varied from 39 to 910 days (median 53 days), including 3 dogs with a CR that lasted more than 2 years. Survival time in responders varied from 41 to 910 days (median 97 days) and from 30 to 126 (median 39) in the other 7 dogs. Dogs that became refractory to VCHP did not respond to doxyrubicin and prednisolone. It is concluded that multi‐agent chemotherapy has anti‐tumour activity in a considerable proportion of dogs with mast cell tumours, but its efficacy is variable. The multivariate analyses showed that significant factors predicting survival in dogs with mast cell tumours were sex (P=0.009), absence or presence of non‐abdominal distant metastases, or abdominal metastases, respectively (P=0.023), and malignancy grade of the tumours (P=0.053).

ISSN:0165-2176    

DOI:10.1080/01652176.1998.9694832

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The prevalence of metazoan parasites in the stomach and small intestine was investigated in 70 horses slaughtered in the period February 1994 ‐ July 1994. Most horses were young (1.5 ‐ 3 years) and in good condition.Trichostrongylus axeiwas the most prevalent parasite species in the stomach (51.4%), followed byGasterophilus intestinalis(41.4%) andHabronemaspp. (4.3%). In the small intestine,Parascaris equorum(28.6%) andParanoplocephala mamillana(1.4%) were found. The mean worm burden ofT. axeiwas 957 (max. 8502), ofG. intestinalis21 (max. 84), ofHabronemaspp. 3 (max. 5), and ofP. equorum32 (max. 308). One single specimen ofP. mamillanawas seen. All bots ofG. intestinaliswere in the third instar stage. No seasonal pattern and no influence of the parasites on the condition of the horses could be observed.

ISSN:0165-2176    

DOI:10.1080/01652176.1998.9694833

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor