摘要:

A prerequisite for the aseptic packaging of food is the UHT or HTST process used for sterilizing the food. These processes are defined. The history, microbiology, and engineering principles of aseptic processing and packaging are covered. Attainment of sterility and acceptable levels of spoilage are discussed. Methods used for sterilization of packaging materials include thermal and chemical methods. Thermal methods are normally used for sterilizing the product. With some products there are problems due to enzyme survival. UHT processing systems and aseptic packaging plants are reviewed.

ISSN:8755-9129    

DOI:10.1080/87559128509540772

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:8755-9129    

DOI:10.1080/87559128509540773

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Approximately 8 to 10 million new cases of xerophthalmia due to vitamin A deficiency occur each year, with as many as ½ to 1 million children developing potentially blinding corneal disease. While vitamin A deficiency is the leading cause of blindness among children in developing countries, even milder states of deficiency carry an increased risk of morbidity and mortality, making its prevention a major public health priority. Three basic preventive strategies exist: (1) dietary modification through a variety of horticultural and nutrition education techniques to increase the routine availability and consumption of food sources of vitamin A, (2) fortification of a centrally processed, locally available and consumed food “vehicle” with vitamin A, and (3) periodic administration of a large dose of vitamin A to specific target groups in the community. This paper provides a critical review of the effectiveness of and challenges to management in implementing periodic, large‐dose vitamin A delivery. Current evidence indicates that programs that are well supervised and sustain at least 65% coverage of their “at risk” populations can expect to have a measurable impact on the occurrence of xerophthahnia among children in the community.

ISSN:8755-9129    

DOI:10.1080/87559128509540774

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:8755-9129    

DOI:10.1080/87559128509540775

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:8755-9129    

DOI:10.1080/87559128509540776

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:8755-9129    

DOI:10.1080/87559128509540771

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor