ISSN:0199-8595    

DOI:10.1080/01998595.1999.10530469

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1999

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

With deregulation in electric industry, customers have new opportunities to reduce their electricity cost, one of which consists of using real-time pricing (RTP) tariffs. The authors surveyed electric utilities in the country to investigate how these tariffs are presently implemented to help potential customers understand RTP tariffs. The survey found that the most common type of RTP tariff is a two-part tariff. It consists of a customer baseline load (CBL) charge and an energy charge (or credit) based on usage above (or below) the CBL charged at hourly prices. This type of tariff is explained using Oklahoma Gas & Electric (OG&E)'s day-ahead-pricing (DAP) tariff and calculation examples. This article also investigates the effect of customer flexibility on the charges under the DAP tariff by comparing three different types of customer response.

ISSN:0199-8595    

DOI:10.1080/01998595.1999.10530470

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1999

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Energy is the lifeblood of most manufacturing processes. Finding an inexpensive and reliable source of energy is a challenge in many developing countries. Due to lack of planning and bureaucratic barriers, state-run energy industries of these countries are unable to meet the demand of booming small industries. Plant managers, struggling to ship their export quotas, seek viable solutions to their energy problems.

ISSN:0199-8595    

DOI:10.1080/01998595.1999.10530471

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1999

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Commissioning has played important role in improved building comfort and reduced energy consumption. This article presents an advanced form of commissioning for existing buildings, called continuous commissioning (CC), which has produced energy savings comparable to those produced by the traditional audit/retrofit process at a third of the cost. It has also increased operating staff skills, reduced maintenance costs, and improved building comfort—“extras” which are not provided by usual retrofit programs. This article will present the philosophy, process, cost, and savings.

ISSN:0199-8595    

DOI:10.1080/01998595.1999.10530472

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1999

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Demand control ventilation (DCV) utilizing continuous outdoor and indoor (differential) carbon dioxide (CO2) measurements is an elegant closed loop feedback control methodology for determining damper position in a continuously changing HVAC system environment and subsequently maintaining a constant steady-state ventilation air (CFM) per person level.

ISSN:0199-8595    

DOI:10.1080/01998595.1999.10530473

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1999

数据来源: Taylor