ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1986.tb02122.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1986.tb02123.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In this study we demonstrated that natural killer (NK) cell lysis by human peripheral blood nonadherent (NA) cells against K562 target cells was rapidly inhibited by four agents that inhibit the lipoxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism, nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), U‐60257, α‐phenanthroline, and esculetin. However, human NK cells activated by interferons (IFN) or poly I:C were partially resistant to suppression by NDGA and U‐60257. Pretreatment of the NA cells with the four lipoxygenase inhibitors at 37°C for 18 h led to suppression of NK activity. The inhibition of NK activity by NDGA was not reversed by aspirin at a concentration that inhibits PGE2synthesis. Thus, suppression of NK activity by NDGA was not mediated by the effects on PGE2synthesis. However, the inhibition of endogenous NK activity by NDGA, U‐60257, α‐phenanthroline, or esculetin was partially reversed by IFN or poly I:C. These results suggest that products of lipoxygenation are required for maintenance of human

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1986.tb02124.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Interactions of mouse alveolar macrophages from three different inbred strains of mice andThermoactinomyces vulgaris, a microbe associated with Farmer's lung disease, were studied. Alveolar macrophages were found to abolish the mitogenic activity ofT. vulgaris.A prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor indomethacin, could not restore the activity. Alveolar macrophage supernatants generated byT. vulgaristreatment exerted strong suppression in secondary concanavalin A‐induced lymphocyte transformation, Indomethacin partly relieved the suppression but a histamine 2 receptor blocker, cimetidine, had no effect. Interleukin 1 activity was practically undetectable by the thymocyte co‐stimulation assay unless indomethacin was used. When indomethacin was used, interleukin 1 activity could he detected in all strains of mice tested. Major differences in the abolition of the mitogenic effect, in the suppressive effect, or in the release of interleukin 1 were not detected between inbred strains of mice tested. The results indicate that alveolar macrophages exert suppressive actions in vitro afterT. vulgaristreatment but in vivo activities remain to be elucida

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1986.tb02125.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Rat blood mononuclear cells were studied with W3/13, OX19, and W3/25 monoclonal antibodies in a dual staining procedure. Cells recognized as W3/13+OX19−W3/25+showed a high light scatter pattern were plastic adherent and exhibited spreading, and were identified as monocytes when stained with May‐Grunwald‐Giemsa. This evidence suggests that at least a subpopulation of monocytes/macrophages are

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1986.tb02126.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A sensitive and reproducible method for the detection of specific antibody production (or total immunoglobulin secretion) at the single cell level from isolated lamina propria lymphocytes was developed. The cells were prepared from mouse intestinal mucosa by enzyme extraction with collagenase, and antibody secretion was demonstrated with a solid phase enzyme‐linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay. Oral immunizations with cholera toxin or keyhole limpet haemocyanin to mice gave high numbers of highly antigen‐specific spot‐forming cells (SFC) among isolated lamina propria lymphocytes. Spots were shown to result from active synthesis of immunoglobulin in vitro. The variation in SFC numbers between individual animals after a given protocol of oral immunizations was found to be 25% and between equal groups analysed on different occasions, 12%. Kinetics of primary as well as secondary immune responses after oral immunizations with cholera toxin were easily monitored. A single dose of cholera toxin gave rise to 230 antitoxin SFC/107isolated lamina propria lymphocytes. Each additional dose stimulated to increasing numbers of specific SFC with roughly 7000 antitoxin SFC/107cells after five immunizations. Monitoring of day‐by‐day responses after oral booster immunizations demonstrated peak SFC numbers on day 8 after antigen administration. The total number of immunoglobulin‐secreting (Ig) cells and the isotype distribution of specific SFC could also be determined. In the peak antitoxin response, 8% of the isolated total Ig‐secreting lamina propria cells were active against cholera toxin, and of these 80% were producing IgA. This method has also been successfully used in humans and rabbits to demonstrate specific antibody production by single lamina propria

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1986.tb02127.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

MRL/1 and BXSB mice were treated daily with cyclosporin A (CyA) in an oral dose of 25 mg/kg body weight. With this dose, blood levels within the therapeutic range were obtained. In normal mice CyA in this dose significantly prolonged the survival of an H‐2 incompatible skin graft, and suppressed delayed‐type hypersensitivity (DTH). It had no influence on the magnitude of a primary antibody response. Autoimmune mice were treated from 6 to 22 weeks of age. CyA treatment did not alter significantly the anti‐DNA and anti‐IgG autoantibody levels in either strain compared with control mice, who received olive oil. There was a slight but significant increase in serum IgG levels in CyA‐treated MRL/1 mice. Clinical signs of glomerulonephritis (decreased kidney function and albuminuria), and glomerular proliferation were not altered by CyA treatment in either strain. The amount of mesangial IgG deposits was reduced in CyA‐treated MRL/1 mice, and remained unchanged in BXSB mice. The extent of the interstitial and perivascular infiltrates and the frequency and severity of necrotizing arteritis in the kidneys of MRL/1 mice were reduced by CyA treatment. The most prominent effect of CyA was an evident reduction in lymphoproliferation in MRL/1 mice. Mortality was not reduced by CyA treatment in MRL/1 an

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1986.tb02128.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Splenocytes from 25 patients with severe hepatosplenic schistosomiasis mansoni were obtained after therapeutic splenectomy, Spleen cells were phenotyped and analysed for responsiveness to mitogens or heterogeneous schistosome‐derived antigenic preparations (eggs. SEA; adult worms, SWAP; cercariae. CERC) in blastogenesis assays and lymphokine production systems, and were compared with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMN). Splenic lymphocytes were 55% T lymphocytes (sheep erythrocyte rosette‐positive) and 37% surface immunoglobulin‐positive B lymphocytes. The mean T4+:T8+ratio of these splenocytes was 1.0. Phytohaemagglutinin stimulated spleen cell production of the lymphokine mitogenic factor, but exposure to SEA or SWAP did not. Spleen cell and PBMN blastogenic responses to SEA and SWAP were sometimes, but not always in accord. Removal of plastic adherent cells allowed the non‐adherent spleen cells of 30–40% of the patients to respond substantially more vigorously to SEA, SWAP and CERC. Spleen cells from a subgroup or 20–30% of the patients failed to respond to the schistosomal antigens regardless of removal of adherent cells. Spleen cell responses to gram‐negative lipopolysaccharide peaked on day 5 or 6 of culture, and were augmented by adherent cell removal. Pokeweed mitogen‐stimulaled responses were optimal on day 5 of culture. Spleen cells from most severe, hepatosplenic schistosomiasis mansoni patients do not respond well to schistosomal antigens or B‐cell mitogens. The splenic responses of many of these patients were elevated by the removal of adhe

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1986.tb02129.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Monocytes cultured under serum‐free conditions secreted protein which bound covalently and non‐covalently to agarose beads, an activator of the alternative pathway of complement. There was a significant binding of monoclonal anti‐C3c antibodies, polyclonal anti‐C5, anti‐C6, anti‐C7, anti‐C8, and anti‐C9 antibodies, and of a monoclonal antibody against a neoantigen of polymerized C9 to agarose beads incubated with the monocytes for 24, 48, 72 or 96 h. From these results, we conclude that monocytes produce C5, C6, C7, C8 and C9 that assemble as the terminal complement complex on the surface of the agarose beads. Activation by agarose of the alternative pathway with generation of particle bound C3 and C5 convertases is a prerequisite for the subsequent formation of the terminal complement complex. Whether SC5b‐9 or the membrane attack of complement (C5b‐9) is formed on the bea

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1986.tb02130.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The in vitro effect of superoxide anion and lysosomal enzyme activity on the killing ofListeria monocytogenesEGD (listeria) by peritoneal macrophages (PM) was investigated. Generation of superoxide anion by PM stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) was significantly increased by intraperitoneal injection ofLactobacillus caseiYIT 9018 (LC9018) orCorvnebacterium parvum(CP), but not by injection of peptone. However, superoxide anion generation by LC9018‐elicited PM stimulated with listeria was not increased any more than that by peptone‐elicited PM. and generation of superoxide anion by the PM was affected by the difference in stimuli. The killing of listeria by LC9018‐ or CP‐elicited PM in vitro was significantly less than that by peptone‐elicited PM or resident PM, Significant correlation was observed between the anti‐listerial activity of PM and the intracellular killing of listeria by PM. On the other handγ‐glucuronidase andγ‐N‐acetyl‐D‐glucosaminidase activities of LC9018‐elicited, CP‐elicited, or resident PM were significantly weaker than those of peptone‐elicited PM, and no significant correlation was observed between the increase inγ‐glucuronidase andγ–N‐acetyl‐D‐glucosaminidase activities and the increase in anti‐listerial activity. These results suggest that increase in the activity of lysosomal enzymes such as γ‐glucuronidase andγ‐N‐ acetyl‐D‐glucosaminidase is not correlated with the anti‐listerial activity of PM. and that superoxide anion has very li

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1986.tb02131.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY