ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1990.tb02804.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In a serum‐free culture containing no zinc, zinc enhanced the proliferation of T cells in response to interleukin 2 (lL‐2), and also the in vitro production of lL‐2 by T cells. Although the lymphocyte proliferation was partially inhibited by anti‐IL‐2 antibodies, it was completely inhibited by anti‐IL‐2 receptor (CD25) antibodies. A Scatchard plot analysis showed that zinc induced the expression of high‐affinity receptors for IL‐2 on lymphocytes. The results indicated that zinc may be essentially required for IL‐2‐media

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1990.tb02805.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We have studied lepromatous leprosy (LL) as a human model disease for T‐cell non‐responsiveness to specific mycobacterial antigens and studied the effect of rlL‐4, rIL‐2, rlFN‐yand rTNF‐xthereon. T‐cell non‐responsiveness toMycobacierium bovisbacillus Calmette‐Guerin (BCG) or purified protein derivative ofM. tuberculosis(PPD) antigens could be overcome in 5 out of 8 non‐responder patients by rlL‐2 and in 2 out of 8 by rlL‐4. The ability of rIL‐4 to overcome BCG/PPD non‐responsiveness was strongly dose‐dependent. When rIL‐2 and rIL‐4 were added simultaneously, they seemed to synergize in their effect. T‐cell non‐responsiveness toM. lepraecould be overcome only in 2 out of 18 non‐responders by rIL‐2 but not by rIL‐4 alone. The ability of rlL‐2 to overcome T‐cell non‐responsiveness toM. lepraeantigens became particularly marked when the recombinant 65‐kDa heat shock antigen ofM. lepraewas used instead of whole bacilli. Exogenously added rIL‐4, and to a lesser extent rlL‐2, strongly enhanced existing T‐cell responses to BCG orM. lepraein the majority (8 out of 11) of responders. These findings may have implications for the in vivo manipulation of th

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1990.tb02806.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Immunological phenotyping of acute leukaemias is important for a more precise diagnosis with respect lo both cell lineage and maturation level. We have developed a rapid and reliable method for immunophenotyping, based on the use of magnetic monodisperse beads coated with monoclonal antibodies. After only a 10‐min incubation of immunomagnetic beads (1MB) with mononuclear cells isolated from bone marrow or peripheral blood, the percentage of rosetting cells can be counted in the microscope. A panel of 16 monoclonal antibodies against haematopoietic cell‐surface antigens was applied on 29 cases of acute myclogenic (AML) or lymphocytic (ALL) leukaemias, in order to compare immunological typing by immunomagnetic beads with immunofluorescence staining (IF). In all the cases tested, the two methods showed a virtually identical antigen distribution. The procedure described offers the advantages of being fast and simple to perform. Moreover, it has a high specificity and is easy to interpret in cases with low antigen express

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1990.tb02807.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Male CBA/SU mice were exposed to ionizing radiation by intraperitoneal injection of the boneseekiag β‐emitter90Sr, NK‐cell lytic activities in spleen, peripheral blood, and lymph nodes were severely depressed or completely abolished. In contrast, production of the NK regulatory proteins alpha interferon (IFN‐x) and interleukin 2 (IL‐2) was normal 5–8 weeks after90Sr injection. IFN‐x, produced in vivo or in vitro by cells from injected mice, was able to enhance strongly NK lytic activities. These data indicate that90Sr acts on the bone marrow, where it interferes with ihe maturation and seeding of NK precursor cells. The mechanisms regulating NK activities in peripheral organs remained relatively unchanged. Finally, we did not detect any major organ redistribution of NK cells as a result of90Sr

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1990.tb02808.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In this report we show that the two monoclonal anti‐CD45 antibodies, EO‐1 and FN‐I26, potently inhibit G0to G1transition and S phase entry in human B cells stimulated with anti‐μ and low molecular weight B‐cell growth factor. Both antibodies were found to inhibit anti‐μ‐induced inositol phospholipid breakdown andc‐mycmRNA induction. In contrast, EO‐I and FN‐I26 only partially inhibited the early anti‐μ‐induced increase in cytoplasmic Ca2+levels, both in normal and in Ca2+‐depleted medium. B‐cell activation provoked by 12‐O‐tetradecanoylphorbol 13‐acetate(TPA) was not inhibited by these antibodies, except when using high concentrations of EO‐1. In addition, both antibodies were found to inhibit G1entry induced by the anti‐CD20 antibody IF5, which confers an activation of B cells without any detectable increase in [Ca2+]1or in phospholipid metabolism. This indicates that alternative mechanisms in addition to the inhibition of polyphosphoinositide (PI) breakdown are involved in t

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1990.tb02809.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In humans, the kappa light chain variable region gene (Vk) locus evolved in part by duplications of four large segments. Similarly, some portions of the human heavy chain constant region gene locus are duplicated. Recently, we found that the Humhv3005 Vh gene is highly homologous to the reported 1,9111 gene. Subsequently, restriction fragment length polymorphism study of the human Vh locus with a 1.6‐kb EcoR1 fragment downstream of the hv3005 gene (termed hv3005/E1.6) suggested that the hv3005 and the 1.9III Vh loci might be generated by duplication from a common‐ancestor Vh gene segment. To assess this possibility, we mapped the 15‐kb region of the isolated hv3005 clone, beginning from 2 kb upstream, and sequenccd the adjacent Vh4 gone (designated Humhv4005) located 10 kb downstream of the hv3005 gene. The result showed that hv4005 shared 99% homology with the 1.9II gene, located about 11 kb downstream of the 1.9III gene. Taken together, these data demonstrate that the hv3005‐hv4005 region and the 1.9III‐1.9II region arose by a duplication of a common ancestor Vh gen

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1990.tb02810.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

IgG antibodies have been shown to suppress the antibody response to all epitopes of their specific antigen as well as those the IgG do not bind to, so‐called ‘non‐epitope‐specific suppression‘. The present study was undertaken to clarify whether there is a true IgG‐mediated Fc‐dependent suppression of Ihe antibody response. This question is of fundamental importance to the understanding of the mechanism behind this phenomenon. It is demonstrated that F(ab')2fragments of a monoclonal TNP (trinitrophenyl)‐specific IgG2a antibody are unable to suppress the murine in vitro non‐epitope‐specific plaque‐forming cell response against SRBC (sheep erythrocytes) when SRBC‐TNP is used as antigen. The same monoclonal IgG aniibody. when administered in intact form, is able lo induce up to 98% suppression of the SRBC‐specific antibody response. The lack of suppression is not due to mitogenic effects of pepsin in the F(ab')2fractions or increased breakdown of F(ab'); fragments, as compared with intact antibody, in the cultures. These data clearly demonstrate that there is indeed a highly efficient, Fc‐dependent, nonepitope‐specific suppressive mechanism mediated by IgG aniibodies and support a hypothesis involving binding of the anligcn‐anlibody complexes lo Fc receptors as a

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1990.tb02811.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The murine monoclonal antibody (MoAb) CB21, raised after immunization with sonicated extracts of human platelets, has been shown to react with a line‐restricted surface molecule and also a cytoplasmic structure displaying no restriction in terms of lineage and species. The surface structure recognized by the CB2I MoAb is exclusively expressed on the surface membrane of human platelets, being undetectabie on other cells or lines so far tested. After permeabilizalion. The majority of the cells and lines tested with the CB21 MoAb displayed strong cytoplasmic reactivity with a constant typical filamentous distribution. Biochemical and morphological analyses showed that the cytoplasmic counterpart recognized by the CB2I MoAb is the intermediate filament type II

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1990.tb02812.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Prenatal tolerization with trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid (TNBS) leads lo expansion of trinitrophenyl (TNP)‐specific B cells, the majority of which become refractory to stimulation during postnatal development [60]. One possible explanation could be that they belong to the repertoire of naturally activated B cells which are limited in expansion after antigenic stimulation due to a high degree of idiotypic connectivity [42]. To evaluate this hypothesis, 59 thymus‐ and 490 spleen‐derived B‐cell hybribomas from 6‐day‐old prenatally untreated and prenatally TNBS‐treated mice were tested for reactivity against 33 arbitrarily chosen clones derived from the same fusions, 17 being derived from control and 16 from tolerized litters. Two major points could be deduced:1Idiotypic connectivity, including connectivity of TNP‐ and anti‐TNP‐reactive monoclonal antibodies (MoAb), was maintained after prenatal tolerization. This accounted for thymus‐ and spleen‐derived MoAb.2Only TNP‐ and anli‐TNP‐reaclive MoAb derived from prenalally untreated and prenatally tolerized mice displayed significantly distinct idiotypic profiles. Differences were pronounced, especially with thymus‐derivcd MoAb.Thus, TNP‐specilic B cells in prenatally tolerized newborns do not behave like B cells of adult mice stimulated by external antigen, but rather like a part of the naturally activated, ldiotypically connected B‐cell repertoire of the newborn. This could explain B‐ccI! unresponsiveness at older age as a consequence—at least part

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1990.tb02813.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY