ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1992.tb03218.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1992.tb03219.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1992.tb03220.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Using a peroxidase/anti‐peroxidase immnunohistochemical staining method, we examined sections of inflammatory synovial membranes from 13 patients with juvenile rheumatotd arthritis (JRA) and 11 with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The relative numbers of TCRγ/δ+cells and the proportions of Vδ1+and Vδ2+subsets were recorded in the areas of the membranes most heavily infiltrated by CD3+cells. In the JRA group, the majority (8/13) of the membranes had TCRγ/δ+cells which contributed between 5 and<10% of the total number of CD3+cells. In the RA synovial membranes examined, 5/11 samples had between 5 and 10% TCRγ/δ+cells, but in another 5 TCRγ/δ+cells contributed to between 10 and 20% of CD3+cells. No significant difference was noted between the two patient groups. However, the range of values found in the RA membranes appeared to be slightly higher in comparison to previously reported values for RA synovial fluid, peripheral blood and eluted synovial membrane T cells. Analysis of the relative proportions of the Vδ1+and Vδ2+subsets revealed a significant dominance of Vδ1+cells in RA membranes and approximately equal numbers of the two populations in the JRA patients. As the majority of peripheral blood TCRγ/δ+cells use the Vδ2 segment this suggests a preferential homing or expansion of the Vδ1+cells in hoth RA and JRA synovium. The overall distribution pattern of the TCRγ/δ+and Vδ1+and Vδ2+cells was also recorded. These cells mostly accumulated in the lymphoid‐like tissues and in the perivascular area in the tissues of both RA and JRA patients. Occasionally, augmented numbers of these cells were found in the subsynovial layer or in the loose connective tissue. In the majority of cases, only a few TCRγ/δ+cells were located in the synovial layer. The function and the possible pathogenetic importance of these TCRγ/δ+cells hav

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1992.tb03221.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We evaluated membrane expression and function of complement receptors CR1 and CR3 on neutrophils from 27 HIV‐positive (HIV+) subjects (14 in the CDC class III and 13 class IV) as well as their modulation in vitro by recombinant tumour necrosis factor‐α (rTNF‐α) and granulocyte‐macrophage colony stimulating factor (rGM‐CSF). While CR1 was expressed at similar levels on neutrophils from controls and HIV+ subjects. CR3 expression was significantly higher in CDC class IV subjects than in healthy controls. CR1 and CR3 expression was significantly increased after treatment of neutrophils with both cytokines, without differences between controls and HIV+ subjects. Similarly, the superoxide anion (O2) production in response to C3‐coated zymosan (C3zy) was significantly enhanced on neutrophils from CDC class IV subjects when compared with controls. rGM‐CSF and rTNF‐α treatment significantly enhanced the spontaneous as well as C3zy‐stimulated O2production by neutrophils from controls and CDC class III subjects, and induced an upward trend in the CDC class IV group. These results indicate that the neutrophils of HIV+ patients are preactivated in vivo but they also indicate that these cells may correctly respond to a subsequent particulate stimulus as well as to activating cytokines. Our findings suggest that desensitization or functional exhaustion of complement receptors are not implicated in the abnormalities observed on neutrophil

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1992.tb03222.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Dopamine inhibits prolactin release from pituitary cells and seems to affect the release of several other hormones as well. We report here that dopamine may have similar effects on human B lymphoma cells leading to inhibition of production or release of endogenous factors required for cell viability and proliferation. Thus, addition of dopamine to serum‐free cultures of Burkitt lymphoma cells (Raji, Namalwa, Daudi and Jijoye) resulted in rapid and extensive cell death while a myeloma cell line, SKO, appeared to be refractory to this treatment. The addition of FCS or supernatant from serum‐free cultures of Raji or T24 bladder carcinoma cells could, to a variable degree, counteract the effect of dopamine, suggesting that dopamine acts by inhibiting the production of essential autocrine factors. When two of the hormones known to be under dopamine control, i.e. prolactin (PRL) and thyrotropin (TSH), were tested, they were able to prevent dopamine‐induced cell death if combined with heparin. We further observed that the reducing agent 2‐mercaptoethanol (2‐ME), which is known to inhibit the binding of TSH to its receptor, displayed similar effects to those of dopamine and was strongly inhibitory for Burkitt lymphoma but not for myeloma cells. As expected from its blocking activity at the receptor level, the effect of 2‐ME could not be reversed by adding exogenous factors. Contrary to its effect on B lymphoma cells, 2‐ME is essential for growth of the murine T‐cell lymphoma line CTLL. However, we show here that dopamine can fully compensate for 2‐ME, suggesting that TSH or another factor under dopamine control is intimately involved in the regulation of T‐cell growth. This study lends further support to the notion of an active interplay between the neuroendocrine and immune systems and emphasizes PRL and TSH as important regulators of lymphoid cell function. It also shows that these hormones may contribute to the autonomous growth pattern of B lymphoma cells and suggests a potential role for dopamine in the treatmen

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1992.tb03223.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Sp100, a protein with a dot‐like intranuclear localization in immunofluorescence microscopy, is a major target for patient autoantibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and occasionally in rheumatic disorders. The human Sp 100 cDNA has recently been cloned, and the deduced amino acid sequence was found to contain sequence similarities with an MHC class I domain and several transacting regulatory proteins, including HIV‐1 nef proteins. In this study, recombinant Sp100 fusion proteins were used to differentiate the immunoglobulin isotypes and to map the epitopes involved in the anti‐Sp100 autoimmune response. PBC patients developed IgG as well as IgM and/or IgA class anti‐Sp100 autoantibodies whereas most patients with rheumatic diseases developed IgG class autoantibodies only. For epitope mapping, truncated versions of the Sp100 protein were probed for immunoreactivity in ELISA and immunoblotting. With 55 sera, 17 different reaction patterns were obtained, and at least three non‐overlapping major autoantigenic domains were recognized by the majority of sera. One domain, which contains the sequence similarity with HIV nef proteins, was recognized by all anti‐Sp100 sera and harbours multiple, in part discontinuous, epitopes. These data demonstrate a heterogeneous and patient‐specific anti‐Sp100 autoimmune response which is antigen‐driven and, at least in terms of isotype composition, different in PBC and

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1992.tb03224.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

To understand how a presentation system for antigens initiates an immune response and why it has a strong adjuvant activity, a number of parameters need to be analysed. In this study the frequency of spleen cells expressing MHC class II (Ia antigen) was determined after immunization of mice and restimulation of their spleen cells, in vitro, with influenza virus envelope proteins in different physical forms, namely iscoms, micelles and virus particles.All three forms of the antigen stimulated, in an antigen‐specific manner, an increased proportion of spleen cells expressing MHC class II in the restimulation experiments. The induction of increased MHC class II expression was at least partly dependent on antigen‐specific indction of IFN‐γ sinec anantibody to IFN‐γ partly inhibited the increase of MHC classII+cells induced by iscom or by Concanavalin A. The iscom‐borne antigens were superior to micelles to prime the immune response in vitro, indicating a capacity to induce memory cells. This primed immune response was readily recalled in vitro, as measured by IFN‐γ production and an increased number of MHC class II

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1992.tb03225.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We demonstrated that tumour necrosis factor α (TNF‐α) and interleukin 4 (IL‐4) increased endothelial cell (EC) adhesiveness for peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) by promoting transcription and protein synthesis. Theo different kinetics observed with TNF‐α and IL‐4 suggest the involvement of different adhesion molecules.Blocking adhesion assays and immunofluorescence analysis showed that PBL adhesion to endothelial cells involves different pair adhesion molecules. Whereas IL‐4 promoted an LFA‐1‐dependent/ICAM‐1‐independent adhesion pathway on EC, TNF‐α stimulated an LFA‐1‐dependent/ICAM‐1‐dependent adhesion pathway on EC. In conttast. VLA‐4/VCAM‐1 molecules were involved in PBL adhesion both to IL‐4 and to TNF‐α‐stimulated EC. Finally, we found that a CD2‐dependent/LFA‐3‐independent adhesion p

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1992.tb03226.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Rats were immunized with guinea pig T lymphocytes and the spleen cells were fused with cells of a mouse myeloma line. The resulting hybrids were screened for the production of antibodies selectively reacting with guinea pig T cells. The monoclonal antibody (MoAb) H159 was analysed in detail because it bound to T lymphocytes, but not to B lymphocytes or macrophages. Cellular ELISA cytofluorometry and immunohistology revealed that the antigen detected by H159 is selectively expressed on the majority of peripheral mature T lymphocytes (about 95%). In contrast, it stained only a minor population of thymocytes in FACS analysis. H159 precipitated from NP40 lysate of T cells a protein with a molecular weight of about 90 kDa when separated under non‐reducing conditions in SDS‐PAGE. Under reducing conditions bands with molecular weights of about 50 kDa were found. After binding to anti‐rat Ig coated beads, the MoAb H159 had a mitogenic effect for guinea pig T lymphocytes whereas soluble MoAb H159 in the presence or absence of macrophages was not mitogenic. The cellular expression and molecular characeristics of the H 159 antigen together with the mitogenic activity of the antibody for T cells indicate that the MoAb H159 recognizes the guinea pig T‐cell receptor for antigen via a constant region dete

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1992.tb03227.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY