摘要:

Mice injected intracerebrally with a sublethal dose of vaccinia virus develop severe meningitis. The number of inflammatory cells in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) increases approximately threefold each day for 3 to 7 days after intracerebral challenge, subsequent to which samples can no longer be obtained because the cisterna magna is obliterated owing to brain swelling. Examination of this inflammatory exudate during the later stages of this pathological process shows evidence of both cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) function and the presence of Lyt1+and Ly12+cells on days 6 and 7, In addition, potent non‐T‐cell (Lyt2−) cytotoxic activity is found in CSF taken from younger (12 weeks) mice as early as after day 3 and is still present on day 6. The level of non‐T‐cell‐mediated cytotoxicity in CSF on day 5 or 6 (but not day 3) is considerably decreased in animals that were also given a large dose of virus intravenously to maximize T‐cell stimulation in lymphoid tissue, and the extent of CTL activity is concomitantly increased. The diminution of non‐specific cytotoxic function does not seem to reflect simple dilution in the presence of excess virus

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1983.tb00828.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Antigen‐specific lymphocyte hybridomas have been produced by a simple in vitro immunization procedure. Non‐immune spleen cells have been activated in vitro, and the B‐cell blasts have subsequently been used for somatic cell hybridization. Hybrids secreting monoclonal antibodies to human myoglobin, pig insulin, and benzo(a)pyrene were obtained with splenocytes that had been immunized 5 days in culture before the hybridization. The frequency of specific hybridomas was the same as or higher than that of hybridomas produced from in vivo‐immunized cells, showing the versatility of the procedure when making monoclonal antibodies to haptens and proteins with a conserved structure or to small amounts of antigen. Monoclonal antibodies of both IgG and IgM isotypes could be i

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1983.tb00829.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Human monocytes release a stable cytostatic factor during in vitro culture after stimulation with lymphokine and endotoxin. The cell cycle time of synchronized NHTK 3025 cells increased from 20.3 to 23.2 h in the first cell cycle when the target cells were exposed to the factor during the whole cell cycle. In exponentially growing NHIK 3025 cell cultures the cell doubling time increased from 18.9 h to 23. l h under continuous factor exposure for 70 h. These cells regained normal cell division rate when fresh culture medium replaced the cytostatic factor. Continuous exposure to the cytostatic factor for 96 h increased the cell doubling time of asynchronous K‐562 cells from 19.7 to 31.8 h. The target cell DNA synthesis, evaluated by thymidine incorporation. was markedly depressed after culture with the factor for 24 h, and this depression was detectable already within 4 h of culture. The factor showed no cytolytic effect on the two cell lines tested. The cytostatic factor influenced the cell cycle distribution of both target cells tested, since cell cycle analysis by DNA flow cytometry demonstrated a reversible inhibition of factor‐exposed NHIK 3025 cells in G1‐ and early S‐phase, whereas K‐562 cells accumulated in

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1983.tb00830.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An in vitro proliferative system was used to assess the capacity of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce a specific T‐cell response in mice. Sensitized T cells were generated in vivo by subcutaneous inoculation with LPS. These T cells, which were purified on nylon wool columns, were stimulated to proliferate in vitro by LPS. Results of several lines of experimentation confirmed that the responding cells were T cells. Additional experiments indicated that sensitized T cells could distinguish between LPS and ovalbumin. Finally, it was found that genetic responsiveness to the biological effects of lipid A was required for full clicitation of LPS‐induced T‐cell proliferation. The data were interpreted to indicate that LPS interacted with, and stimulated, antigen‐specific murine

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1983.tb00831.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effect of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the capacity of mice to mount a specific T‐cell response to a protein antigen was examined. Inoculation of mice with LPS and ovalbumin (OA) resulted in enhancement of the T‐cell proliferative response to OA. This enhancement was manifested in vitro by an increase in magnitude and by a more rapid appearance of the response after challenge with OA. This enhancement was also shown because the latent periods for the antigen‐specific responses were reduced to 3 days after inoculation with antigen plus LPS, as compared with 5 days after inoculation with antigen alone. Various mouse strains, including the C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScN strains, responded to the adjuvant action of LPS at the T‐cell level. Results suggest that LPS exerts this adjuvant effect by facilitating clonal expansion of antigen‐reactive T cells duri

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1983.tb00832.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This communication describes an immunohistochemical analysis of rejected human renal allografts. T‐lymphocyte subsets were identified in frozen tissue sections, by Leu 1 (anti‐ ‘pan’ T lymphocytes). Leu 2a (anti‐ ‘cytotoxic/suppressor’ T cells), and Leu 3a (anti‐ ‘helper/inducer’ T cells) monoclonal antibodies. In addition, HLA‐DR‐positive cells were identified by simultaneous labelling with heterologous anti‐HLA‐DR antibodies. T cells dominated the cellular infiltrates in acute cellular rejection. Leu‐3a‐positive cells were more numerous than Leu‐2a‐positive cells. The Leu‐3a‐positive cells usually appeared in clusters, whereas the Leu‐2a‐positive cells appeared scattered in the tissue. HLA‐DR‐positive non‐T cells were found within clusters of T ‘helper/inducer’ cells. The cell pattern shares many features with th

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1983.tb00833.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) incubated either with phytohaemagglutinin‐P (PHA) under serum‐free conditions or with tuberculin purified protein derivative in the presence of 5% human blood group AB serum released into the culture medium factors that decreased collagen synthesis by dermal fibroblasts. These factors were first detected after incubation of PBMC with PHA for 24 h and were produced by non‐adherent cells. The decrease in collagen synthesis was observed despite changes in conditions of fibroblast culture, the addition of a cross‐linking inhibitor, and the use of different fibroblast cel

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1983.tb00834.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Supernatants harvested from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) incubated either with the non‐specific mitogen phytohaemagglutinin‐P (PHA) or with the specific antigen tuberculin purified protein derivative for 72 h decreased collagen synthesis by dermal fibroblasts. PHA‐induced mononuclear cell factors (PHA‐MCF) responsible for decreases in collagen synthesis by dermal fibroblasts were localized by column chromatography on Sephacryl S‐200 to fractions of 30,000‐60,000 daltons. Proteolytic enzymes destroyed the activity of PHA‐MCF, but after incubation with neuraminidase some activity of these factors remained, The activity of PHA‐MCF was not inhibited by incubation with the monosaccharides L‐fucose, L‐rhamnose. N‐acetylglucosamine, and α‐melhyl‐D‐mannoside but was partially destroyed by heating at 80°C for 10 min. The factors were not mitogenic to PBMC. These factors did not appear to resemble any previously characterized factors produced by non‐adherent mononuclear cells. The mechanism by which these factors decreased fibroblast collagen synthesis appeared complex. There was no detectable increase in the release of collagenasc by fibroblasts, nor was a cytotoxic effect apparent. Increased PGE2production by fibroblasts could not be related to the factor‐induced decrease

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1983.tb00835.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The genetic control of the granulomatous response to viableMycobacterium lepraemurium(MLM) was studied in C3H and C57BL/6 inbred strains, BXH recombinant inbred strains, (C3H × C57BL) F1hybrids, and backcross mice. The results indicate that an autosomal dominant gene, or linked complex of genes, has a marked influence on the footpad reaction to viable MLM. The distribution of responders and non‐responders among 12 BXH recombinant inbred strains and linkage analysis in C3H × (C3H × C57BL)F1backcross mice indicated that the response gene(s) are linked to the H‐2 complex on chromosome 17. The same gene(s) also influence host restriction of MLM multiplication and thus appear to be the first H‐2‐linked gene(s) influencing resistance to a bacterial

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1983.tb00836.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1983.tb00837.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY