摘要:

Bone marrow cells, produce soluble mediators with structural and functional heterogeneity. They were found to stimulate antibody production at the peak of the immune response, owing to compounds of a peptide nature (M12000–1300). Active material was isolated by means of gel chromatography and electrophoresis. This material positively reacts with ninhydrin, and has maximum absorption close to 278 nm. Its antibody‐stimulating activity decreased or stopped completely after treatment with proteolytic enzymes. Apart from the immunostimulating activity, bone marrow mediators have opiate‐like activity. They have an analgetic effect, and interact with the opiate receptors of brain nerve cells. After a physicochemical and functional analysis, we concluded that bone marrow produces regulatory peptides that were previously unknown. We called them myelopep

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1986.tb02090.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A biochemical procedure is described to purify the T‐cell mitogen in the supernatant of culturedMycoplasma arthritidisorganisms. The mitogenic material was bound on an affigel blue column. The eluate of this column was then acylated at 0°C for 1.5 h and subsequently chromatography on a Sepharose C1 6B and a Superose 12HR column were performed. SDS‐PAGE showed a major band at MW 26,000 and some minor bands at 50,000. With this material biological tests were performed, including induction of lymphoproliferation and interferon induction in murine spleen cell cultures. PurifiedMycoplasma arthritidissupernatant (MAS) vigorously stimulated spleen cell cultures of A/J, CBA, C3H/He, and DBA/2 mice, whereas a low‐grade hut definitive response was observed in C57BL/6 spleen cells. Cultures of Balb/c nu/nu mice, in contrast to those of their euthymic littermates, were non‐reactive. When induction of interferon was tested, a marked response to purified MAS was observed in CBA and C3H/HeJ spleen cell cultures, whereas C57BL/6 spleen cells were non

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1986.tb02091.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Human bile contains a mixture of immunoglobulins excreted through the liver and produced in the biliary tract. This study examines the specific antibody activity of the biliary immunoglobulins againstEscherichia coliantigens. Paired samples of serum, hepatic bile, and gall bladder bile were obtained from 23 patients with gallstones and five patients with healthy gallbladders. Antibody activity againstE. coliantigens was found in all the sera and most of the bile samples. The levels ol IgA, IgM, IgG. and secretory component (SC)‐combined antibodies were lower in bile than in serum. Selective treatment of IgA by the liver was suggested by the finding of a correlation between the serum and the bile IgA antibody activity. IgG antibodies were only found in inflamed gall bladders. The bile was shown to have antibacterial activity againstE. coli.i.e. an ability to inhibit the attachment to epithelial cells, but the inhibitory activity was not restricted to the immunoglobulin fraction of the bil

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1986.tb02092.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We applied a new method consisting of short‐term culture (18 h) of lymphocytes from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF‐L) and peripheral blood (PBL) in viral antigen‐coaled ELISA plates and subsequent measurement of IgG and IgM antibodies bound to antigen. Utilizing mumps virus, herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella zoster virus (VZV). and measles virus as antigens, we demonstrated production by CSF‐L. of antibodies against the aetiological agent only in all patients with mumps meningitis and HSV encephalitis and also in all patients with herpes zoster without central nervous system (CNS) symptoms. This might be considered as direct evidence that specific antibodies are produced within the CNS in inflammatory nervous system diseases. CSF‐L. usually produced higher amounts of antibodies than the corresponding number of PBL., In comparison with concentrations of free antibodies determined in parallel, our method had higher specificity and sensitivity and gave more precise information about the antibody response in infections of the nervo

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1986.tb02093.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Immunoglobulin secretion as evidenced by plaque‐forming cells (PFC) in an indirect hacmolysis‐in‐gel assay, and DNA synthesis were induced in human blood lymphocytes by the following preparations of cytomegalovirus (CMV): Nucleocapside Ne‐CMV antigen, membrane M‐CMV antigen, crude C‐CMV preparations and CMV‐incubated adherent cells. Peak stimulations occurred around day n in culture. Ne‐CMV and M‐CMV only stimulated PFC and DNA synthesis in lymphocytes from CMV seropositive individuals. C‐CMV also stimulated lymphocytes from CMV seronegative individuals but gave better responses in lymphocytes from CMV seropositive individuals. CMV‐incubated adherent cells occasionally stimulated lymphocytes from CMV seronegative individuals but always in CMV seropositive blood donors. Ne‐, M‐, and C‐CMV gave high numbers of PFC in B cells enriched by sheep erythrocyte sedimentation and in co‐cultures of enriched T and B cells. Almost no PFC were induced in enriched T cells. DNA synthesis induced by all the three antigenic CMV preparations increased after removal of adherent cells. Strong DNA synthesis was induced in enriched T cells compared to almost none in enriched B cells. It is concluded that some pure CMV preparations act as antigens and more crude preparations induce polyclonal activation. Different CMV preparations may be used to diagnose CMV. to study immune reactivity against CMV and as a mode

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1986.tb02094.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The potential roles of Ca2+ions in the response of T lymphocytes to stimulation with monoclonal antisera to the T3 antigen were investigated by means of pharmacological agents that predominantly inhibit the flux of C a2+ions into cells (verapamil, nifedipine) or the activity of C a2+‐dependent kinases (trifluoperazine, polymyxin B). As assessed by uptake of [3H]thymidine. proliferation induced with anti T3‐recombinant IL‐2 at 72 h was inhibited by>80% in the presence of nifedipine at 50 μM, and almost completely arrested (>95% inhibition) with the other agents at the same concentration. Further quantitative assays of the effects of polymyxin B and trifluoperazine on C‐kinase labelling of exogenous substrate showed a major reduction with both agents, but inhibition was substantially greater with polymyxin B that with trifluoperazine (IC50= 14 and 70 μM respectively). These results were confirmed by qualitative assessment of C a2+/phospholipid‐dependent phosphorylation of endogenous substrates, which demonstrated major phosphoproteins of MW 56,000. 52.000, 43,000. and 20,000, and dose‐dependent reduction in labelling in the presence of polymyxin B. Similar results were obtained under more physiological conditions in intact cells labelled with32P orthophosphate. These findings indicate several possible roles for C a2+in T cell activation, and several possible levels of activity, including modulation of calmodulin‐dependent kinases and effects on C a2+/phospholipid‐dependent kinases

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1986.tb02095.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is characterized by infections with microorganisms against which phagocytes (especially monocytes/macrophages) play an important role. Therefore, various functions of blood monocytes and neutrophils were tested in 16 patients with AIDS. Neutrophil chemotactic responses towards casein and N‐formyl‐methionyl‐L‐leucyl‐L‐phenylalanine were depressed in patients with a short duration of disease (n=9), whereas they were normal in those with a longer duration (n=5), P<0.05. Neutrophil superoxide anion release was normal. In contrast, we found no evidence of an altered monocyte activity in the patients, since chemotactic responsiveness, phagocytosis of opsonizedCandida albicans, and superoxide anion release were all normal. These findings suggest that the depressed neutrophil chemotaxis may play an important role in the high incidence of opportunistic infections in AIDS. Furthermore, it appears that in AIDS the immune deficiency does not extend to peripheral blood monocytes, but it does not exclude the possibility that the function of tissue macrophages

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1986.tb02096.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Butanol‐extracted water‐soluble adjuvant (Bu‐WSA) obtained fromBacterionema matruchottiwas mitogenic to murine splenic B lymphocytes, but not T lymphocytes. When murine splenic cells were cultured in the presence of Bu‐WSA and concanavalin A (Con A) together. [3H|thymidine uptake of the culture cells synergically increased. The mechanism of the synergy of Con A and Bu‐WSA and the participation of interleukin (IL) 1 and 2 in the synergy were studied. The proliferation cells in the synergy were I yt‐1−23−lymphocytes.’la‐positive accessory cells were required for the response. When separated cell populations and Marbrook‐type culture vessels were used, a mixed cell population of T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes or macrophages (Mφ) produced some active factor(s) after co‐stimulation by Con A and Bu‐WSA, and the factors enhanced DNA synthesis of another Con A‐activatcd T lymphocyte population. Supernatants obtained from the spleen cell cultures or the mixed cell cultures with T lymphocytes and Mφ in the presence of Con A and Bu‐WSA contained greater amounts of IL‐1 and IL‐2 than those from cultures containing Con A or Bu‐WSA alone. An addition of exogenous IL‐1 or IL‐2 to spleen cell cultures with Con A resulted in a proliferative response like that obtained through co‐stimulation by Con A and Bu‐WSA. These results suggest that the synergistic effect of Con A and Bu‐WSA on the proliferative response in murine splenic cells is sustained by the enhancement of

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1986.tb02097.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The terminal complement complex (TCC) was quantified in sera from patients with a genetic deficiency of C8α‐γ or C8β The individual sera contained only trace amounts of TCC compared with a normal serum pool. The content of TCC increased after mixing the two sera, which was consistent with reconstitution of C8 activity. Only a moderate increase in TCC was obtained after zymosan activation of the individual sera, whereas activation of the mixture resulted in high amounts of TCC. C8 was demonstrated in the TCC of both deficient sera. These results may indicate that functional C8 is present in trace amounts despite the genetic deficiency, and that the terminal pathway may function to some extent although not enough to be detectable in less sensitive as

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1986.tb02098.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We have characterized a monoclonal antibody (L2) specific for a determinant of Human DQ class II antigens. After immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence analysis performed on a panel of DR homozygous cell lines and HLA deleted mutants, it behaves like a monomorphic anti‐DQ reagent and does not react with the products of the various DR alleles. On immuno‐blotting, it reacts with an epitope of the DQach

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1986.tb02099.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY